發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-24 11:20

【摘要】：隨著科技的發(fā)展,工業(yè)化進(jìn)程加劇,人們生產(chǎn)生活中面臨的噪聲問題也越來越嚴(yán)峻,由于質(zhì)量作用定律的限制,在對(duì)低頻范圍的阻隔噪聲的技術(shù)要求已越來越高,現(xiàn)階段技術(shù)手段已經(jīng)不能滿足要求,薄膜類型聲學(xué)超材料應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。本文主要研究了由彈性薄膜、附加質(zhì)量塊構(gòu)成的薄膜聲學(xué)超材料的隔聲性能,先從離散振動(dòng)模型入手,對(duì)薄膜超材料的振動(dòng)特性做了分析預(yù)測(cè),然后通過薄膜超材料的振動(dòng)特性以及傳遞損失方面的仿真來進(jìn)一步研究結(jié)構(gòu)特征對(duì)薄膜聲學(xué)超材料隔聲性能,最后采用了混合有限元-統(tǒng)計(jì)能量法對(duì)薄膜超材料的受模態(tài)控制的前兩階隔聲低谷進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化的研究。首先,基于局域共振機(jī)理的薄膜聲學(xué)超材料型復(fù)合材料的胞元彈簧質(zhì)量塊的自由度振動(dòng)模型,數(shù)值計(jì)算的結(jié)果與薄膜質(zhì)量塊系統(tǒng)的有限元仿真和文獻(xiàn)的結(jié)果比較,在共振和反相共振的模態(tài)振型上能夠吻合。本文所建立的離散振動(dòng)模型的特點(diǎn)是能夠直觀反映胞元的結(jié)構(gòu)多個(gè)參數(shù)對(duì)薄膜聲學(xué)超材料結(jié)構(gòu)隔聲特性的影響規(guī)律。其次,薄膜聲學(xué)超材料的模態(tài)信息是結(jié)構(gòu)的振動(dòng)特性,是一項(xiàng)非常重要的研究.通過對(duì)薄膜超材料單個(gè)胞元結(jié)構(gòu)的模態(tài)仿真分析,將模態(tài)結(jié)果特別是模態(tài)振型和前面的離散模型相對(duì)應(yīng),通過離散模型預(yù)測(cè)微結(jié)構(gòu)特征對(duì)薄膜超材料的模態(tài)頻率及振型的影響規(guī)律,來驗(yàn)證離散模型的方法是可行的。接著,通過聲學(xué)波的傳遞原理來闡述,從原理上對(duì)隔聲傳遞損失進(jìn)行了解,再根據(jù)薄膜聲學(xué)超材料的模態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)其傳遞損失進(jìn)行了仿真分析,分別討論薄膜厚度、薄膜預(yù)應(yīng)力和附加質(zhì)量塊重量對(duì)其傳遞損失的影響,接著,深入探討薄膜聲學(xué)超材料傳遞損失谷值對(duì)應(yīng)頻率和固有頻率之間聯(lián)系以及傳遞損失谷值、峰值對(duì)應(yīng)頻率下振型的分析。最后在前文模態(tài)貢獻(xiàn)量基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)傳遞損失波谷對(duì)應(yīng)的固有頻率下陣型進(jìn)行關(guān)鍵區(qū)域的識(shí)別,并在關(guān)鍵區(qū)域中添加附加質(zhì)量塊,經(jīng)過仿真對(duì)比后,發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣附加質(zhì)量塊的布置,對(duì)前兩階波谷對(duì)應(yīng)頻率下的傳遞損失有比較明顯的改善。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and the aggravation of industrialization, the noise problem that people face in production and life is becoming more and more serious. Because of the limitation of the law of mass action, the technical requirements of blocking noise in the low frequency range are becoming higher and higher. At present, the technical means can not meet the requirements, film type acoustical supermaterial emerges as the times require. In this paper, the sound insulation performance of thin film acoustic supermaterial composed of elastic film and additional mass block is studied. The vibration characteristics of thin film supermaterial are analyzed and forecasted from discrete vibration model. Then the vibration characteristics and transfer loss of thin film supermaterial are simulated to further study the sound insulation performance of thin film acoustic supermaterial with structural characteristics. At last, the hybrid finite-element statistical energy method is used to optimize the first two levels of sound insulation of thin film supermaterials under modal control. Firstly, based on the mechanism of local resonance, the vibration model of the cell spring mass block of thin film acoustic supermaterial composite is proposed. The numerical results are compared with the finite element simulation of the thin film mass block system and the results of literature. The mode modes of resonance and inverse resonance can coincide. The characteristic of the discrete vibration model established in this paper is that it can directly reflect the influence of several parameters of cell structure on the sound insulation characteristics of thin film acoustic supermaterial structure. Secondly, the modal information of thin film acoustic supermaterial is the vibration characteristic of structure, which is a very important research. Through the modal simulation analysis of a single cell structure with thin film supermaterial, the modal results, especially the modal modes, are corresponding to the discrete model in front. The method of discrete model is proved to be feasible by predicting the influence of microstructure characteristics on the mode frequency and mode shape of thin film supermaterial. Then, through the transmission principle of acoustic wave, the loss of sound insulation transmission is understood in principle, and then the transfer loss is simulated based on the modal analysis of thin film acoustic supermaterial, and the thickness of film is discussed, respectively. The influence of membrane prestress and additional mass on the transmission loss is discussed. Then, the relationship between the corresponding frequency and the natural frequency and the transmission loss valley value of the film acoustic metamaterials are discussed in depth. Analysis of modes at peak corresponding frequencies. Finally, on the basis of the previous modal contribution, the key region of the matrix corresponding to the natural frequency of the transmission loss trough is identified, and the additional mass block is added to the critical region. After simulation, the layout of the additional mass block is found. The transmission loss at the corresponding frequencies of the first two order troughs is obviously improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.2;TB34

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本文編號(hào)：2291248