【摘要】：隨著“荷葉效應(yīng)”被發(fā)現(xiàn)以來,人們對于超疏水領(lǐng)域的研究熱情從未衰減。一般地,超疏水表面是指水滴在其表面的接觸角大于150°,滾動角小于10°的表面。目前制備超疏水表面的途徑主要有兩種:在低表面能物質(zhì)的表面構(gòu)造微納米復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和在具有適當(dāng)粗糙度表面用低表面能修飾。制備超疏水表面的方法很多,但是,許多超疏水表面的制作方法復(fù)雜,價格昂貴,難以控制。隨著研究的深入,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)超疏水表面不僅可以用于自清潔、防腐蝕、減阻等領(lǐng)域,在防覆冰領(lǐng)域也有著廣泛的應(yīng)用價值。本文采用水熱法和激光刻蝕兩種方法,制備了超疏水鋅片和超疏水PTFE表面,超疏水鋅片的最大接觸角達到161.6°,超疏水PTFE的最大接觸角為最大值166°。利用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、X射線衍射(XRD)和傅里葉紅外光譜儀(FTIR)對兩種表面的疏水機理進行了分析。用自制的二級制冷設(shè)備和離心機對超疏水表面在低溫環(huán)境下的結(jié)冰行為進行考察。發(fā)現(xiàn)制得的超疏水鋅片跟普通鋅片相比,能延緩水滴結(jié)冰到600s,超疏水PTFE能延緩水滴結(jié)冰到1200s。在做剪切力實驗時,發(fā)現(xiàn)冰粒在超疏水鋅片上的剪切力只有普通鋅片表面的1/16,冰粒在超疏水PTFE表面上的剪切力只有普通PTFE表面的1/49。驗證了超疏水表面能有效延長結(jié)冰時間和降低冰粘附強度。
[Abstract]:With the discovery of the lotus leaf effect, the enthusiasm for super-hydrophobic research has never waned. Generally, the superhydrophobic surface is a surface with a contact angle greater than 150 擄and a rolling angle less than 10 擄. At present, there are two ways to prepare superhydrophobic surface: micro / nano composite structure on the surface of low surface energy material and low surface energy modification on the surface with proper roughness. There are many methods to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces. However, many methods of making superhydrophobic surfaces are complex, expensive and difficult to control. With the development of research, it has been found that superhydrophobic surfaces can not only be used in self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, drag reduction and other fields, but also have extensive application value in the field of anti-icing. In this paper, superhydrophobic zinc sheet and superhydrophobic PTFE surface were prepared by hydrothermal method and laser etching. The maximum contact angle of superhydrophobic zinc sheet was 161.6 擄and that of superhydrophobic PTFE was 166 擄. The hydrophobic mechanism of the two surfaces was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM), X ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The freezing behavior of superhydrophobic surface at low temperature was investigated by using self-made two-stage refrigeration equipment and centrifuge. It is found that the superhydrophobic zinc sheet can delay the freezing of water droplets to 600s, and the superhydrophobic PTFE can delay the freezing of water droplets to 1200s compared with ordinary zinc tablets. It is found that the shear force of ice particles on superhydrophobic zinc sheet is only 1 / 16 of that on ordinary zinc sheet, and that on superhydrophobic PTFE surface is only 1 / 49 of that on ordinary PTFE surface. It is proved that the superhydrophobic surface can effectively prolong the ice forming time and reduce the ice adhesion strength.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB306

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