高性能隔震天然橡膠基復(fù)合材料的制備、結(jié)構(gòu)與性能研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-15 07:05
【摘要】：目前提高建筑物抗震能力的主要方法就是在建筑物與地基之間設(shè)置隔震支座,而天然橡膠(NR)是制備隔震支座所需的主要橡膠材料,但NR本身阻尼性能相對(duì)較差,因此研究NR基復(fù)合材料的結(jié)構(gòu)與性能對(duì)制備高性能隔震支座具有十分重要的意義。本文將高阻尼橡膠材料氯化丁基橡膠(CIIR)、新型納米填料碳納米管(CNTs)和石油樹脂加入NR中來制備NR基復(fù)合材料,利用紅外二向色性、同步輻射廣角X射線衍射(Synchrotron WAXD)研究CIIR及CNTs含量對(duì)NR的單軸拉伸取向及應(yīng)變誘導(dǎo)結(jié)晶(SIC)的影響,同時(shí)利用橡膠加工分析儀(RPA)研究CIIR、CNTs及石油樹脂含量對(duì)NR阻尼性能的影響,從而制備出高性能隔震NR基復(fù)合材料。主要內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下：(1)通過紅外二向色性和WAXD實(shí)驗(yàn)在室溫下研究了氯化丁基及橡膠及碳納米管含量對(duì)NR的單軸拉伸取向及SIC的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)：a.NR/CIIR共混物在單軸拉伸條件下,只有NR產(chǎn)生了取向,且隨著應(yīng)變的增加,取向度逐漸增大,而CIIR幾乎不取向；b.純NR在單軸拉伸條件下其取向因子小于NR/CIIR共混物中NR組分的取向；c.NR/CIIR共混物在單軸拉伸條件下,只有NR發(fā)生了結(jié)晶現(xiàn)象,且隨著應(yīng)變的增加,結(jié)晶度逐漸增加,而CIIR幾乎不發(fā)生結(jié)晶；d. NR/CIIR共混物隨著NR質(zhì)量份數(shù)的減少,相同應(yīng)變下其結(jié)晶度與純NR相比先增大后減小,而且共混物中NR的結(jié)晶速率小于純NR;e. NR中加入CNTs能夠提高NR的結(jié)晶速率及結(jié)晶度,而且CNTs數(shù)越多,該作用越明顯；f. CIIR/CNTs復(fù)合材料中CIIR組分與純CIIR一樣均不發(fā)生結(jié)晶。(2)應(yīng)用RPA研究CIIR、CNTs及石油樹脂含量對(duì)NR的阻尼性能的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)：a.隨著CIIR重量份數(shù)的增加,NR/CIIR共混物阻尼性能逐漸提高；b.NR中加入CNTs有益于NR/CNTs復(fù)合材料阻尼性能的提高,而將CNTs加入CIIR中作用相反；c.CIIR加入NR/CNTs/CB復(fù)合材料中與純NR中加入CIIR的作用相反,反而降低了NR/CNTs/CB復(fù)合材料阻尼性能；d.NR中加入石油樹脂不僅有益于降低NR/CNTs/CB復(fù)合材料的硬度,而且能夠提高其阻尼性能。
[Abstract]:At present, the main method to improve the aseismic capacity of buildings is to install isolation bearings between buildings and foundations. Natural rubber (NR) is the main rubber material needed to prepare the isolation bearings, but the damping property of NR itself is relatively poor. Therefore, it is very important to study the structure and properties of NR matrix composites for the preparation of high performance isolation bearings. In this paper, carbon nanotube (CNTs) and petroleum resin were added to high damping rubber material, (CIIR), to prepare NR matrix composites, and infrared dichroism was used to prepare NR matrix composites. The effects of CIIR and CNTs contents on the uniaxial tensile orientation and strain-induced crystalline (SIC) of NR were studied by synchrotron radiation wide-angle X-ray diffraction (Synchrotron WAXD). The effects of CIIR,CNTs and petroleum resin content on the damping properties of NR were studied by means of rubber processing analyzer (RPA). The high performance NR matrix composites were prepared. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the effects of Ding Ji chlorination, rubber and carbon nanotube content on the uniaxial tensile orientation and SIC of NR were studied by IR dichroism and WAXD experiments at room temperature. It is found that under uniaxial tensile condition, only NR produces orientation, and the orientation degree increases gradually with the increase of strain, but CIIR is almost non-oriented. Under uniaxial tensile condition, the orientation factor of pure NR is smaller than that of NR component in NR/CIIR blend, and only NR crystallizes under uniaxial tensile condition, and the crystallinity increases with the increase of strain. The crystallinity of d. NR/CIIR blends increased first and then decreased at the same strain compared with pure NR, and the crystallization rate of NR in the blends was lower than that of pure NR;e.. The addition of CNTs into NR can increase the crystallization rate and crystallinity of NR, and the higher the CNTs number, the more obvious the effect is. The components of CIIR in CIIR/CNTs composites do not crystallize as pure CIIR. (2) the effects of the content of CIIR,CNTs and petroleum resin on the damping properties of NR are studied by RPA. With the increase of the weight of CIIR, the damping property of NR/CIIR blends was gradually improved, and the addition of CNTs to b.NR was beneficial to the improvement of damping properties of NR/CNTs composites, but the effect of adding CNTs to CIIR was opposite. The effect of adding c.CIIR to NR/CNTs/CB composites is opposite to that of pure NR and the damping property of NR/CNTs/CB composites is decreased, and the addition of petroleum resin to d.NR is not only beneficial to reduce the hardness of NR/CNTs/CB composites, but also to improve the damping properties of NR/CNTs/CB composites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ332;TB33
本文編號(hào)：2271754
[Abstract]:At present, the main method to improve the aseismic capacity of buildings is to install isolation bearings between buildings and foundations. Natural rubber (NR) is the main rubber material needed to prepare the isolation bearings, but the damping property of NR itself is relatively poor. Therefore, it is very important to study the structure and properties of NR matrix composites for the preparation of high performance isolation bearings. In this paper, carbon nanotube (CNTs) and petroleum resin were added to high damping rubber material, (CIIR), to prepare NR matrix composites, and infrared dichroism was used to prepare NR matrix composites. The effects of CIIR and CNTs contents on the uniaxial tensile orientation and strain-induced crystalline (SIC) of NR were studied by synchrotron radiation wide-angle X-ray diffraction (Synchrotron WAXD). The effects of CIIR,CNTs and petroleum resin content on the damping properties of NR were studied by means of rubber processing analyzer (RPA). The high performance NR matrix composites were prepared. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the effects of Ding Ji chlorination, rubber and carbon nanotube content on the uniaxial tensile orientation and SIC of NR were studied by IR dichroism and WAXD experiments at room temperature. It is found that under uniaxial tensile condition, only NR produces orientation, and the orientation degree increases gradually with the increase of strain, but CIIR is almost non-oriented. Under uniaxial tensile condition, the orientation factor of pure NR is smaller than that of NR component in NR/CIIR blend, and only NR crystallizes under uniaxial tensile condition, and the crystallinity increases with the increase of strain. The crystallinity of d. NR/CIIR blends increased first and then decreased at the same strain compared with pure NR, and the crystallization rate of NR in the blends was lower than that of pure NR;e.. The addition of CNTs into NR can increase the crystallization rate and crystallinity of NR, and the higher the CNTs number, the more obvious the effect is. The components of CIIR in CIIR/CNTs composites do not crystallize as pure CIIR. (2) the effects of the content of CIIR,CNTs and petroleum resin on the damping properties of NR are studied by RPA. With the increase of the weight of CIIR, the damping property of NR/CIIR blends was gradually improved, and the addition of CNTs to b.NR was beneficial to the improvement of damping properties of NR/CNTs composites, but the effect of adding CNTs to CIIR was opposite. The effect of adding c.CIIR to NR/CNTs/CB composites is opposite to that of pure NR and the damping property of NR/CNTs/CB composites is decreased, and the addition of petroleum resin to d.NR is not only beneficial to reduce the hardness of NR/CNTs/CB composites, but also to improve the damping properties of NR/CNTs/CB composites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ332;TB33
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