【摘要】：多孔材料由于滲透性好、相對密度低、吸附性好、高比表面積和重量輕等優(yōu)點,逐漸被人們所熟知,并在各個研究領(lǐng)域有了快速的進展。本文是以自然界中分布極廣、儲量極大的天然高分子材料纖維素為原料開展研究,通過不良溶劑誘導(dǎo)相分離法直接制備纖維素多孔三維材料。相較于當前研究中纖維素多孔三維材料存在的制備工藝復(fù)雜、孔徑控制困難和需要致孔劑等缺點,本文采用的制備工藝簡單,所得纖維素多孔三維材料具有分級孔徑結(jié)構(gòu)和孔隙分布均勻等優(yōu)點。本文主要研究內(nèi)容包括以下四個方面:(1)采用LiCl/DMAc體系溶解纖維素后,以乙酸乙酯為不良溶劑,通過不良溶劑誘導(dǎo)相分離法制備了纖維素多孔三維材料。通過FE-SEM、TGA、XRD和BET等對纖維素多孔三維材料進行了表征。結(jié)果表明,纖維素多孔三維材料具有大孔-介孔多孔徑結(jié)構(gòu)、低密度、比表面積大等優(yōu)點。(2)以纖維素和二氧化鈦粉末為原料,采用不良溶劑誘導(dǎo)相分離法直接制備了二氧化鈦/纖維素多孔三維復(fù)合材料。通過FE-SEM、XRD和FTIR等對二氧化鈦/纖維素多孔三維復(fù)合材料進行了表征,發(fā)現(xiàn)二氧化鈦成功附著在纖維素多孔三維材料中且分布均勻。(3)將纖維素多孔三維材料在氮氣保護下進行高溫碳化后得到碳多孔三維材料。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),碳多孔三維材料比表面積高達605 m~2/g,內(nèi)部具有大孔-介孔-微孔三級孔徑結(jié)構(gòu)。碳多孔三維材料還具有抗燃燒性,在高溫吸附領(lǐng)域具有應(yīng)用潛力。(4)對二氧化鈦/纖維素多孔三維復(fù)合材料在紡織染料污水處理中的應(yīng)用進行了初步探究。在紫外光下進行光催化分解實驗,考察了不同二氧化鈦含量的二氧化鈦/纖維素多孔三維復(fù)合材料對于染料亞甲基藍的光催化性能。結(jié)果表明不同二氧化鈦含量的二氧化鈦/纖維素多孔三維復(fù)合材料的光催化效率均高于純二氧化鈦粉末。同時,二氧化鈦/纖維素多孔三維復(fù)合材料還具備優(yōu)異的可重復(fù)利用性,在重復(fù)實驗9次時仍具有99.34%的光催化染料分解率。證明了纖維素多孔三維材料作為光催化劑載體的可行性,對于便攜式光催化材料在實際中的應(yīng)用具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Porous materials have been widely known because of their good permeability, low relative density, good adsorption, high specific surface area and light weight, and have made rapid progress in various research fields. In this paper, cellulosic porous three-dimensional materials were directly prepared by using cellulose, a natural macromolecule material, which is widely distributed in nature and has a large amount of reserves, through the method of bad solvent induced phase separation. Compared with the current research on cellulose porous three-dimensional materials, the preparation process is complex, pore size control is difficult, and porous agent is needed, the preparation process of this paper is simple. The cellulosic porous three-dimensional materials have the advantages of graded pore size structure and uniform pore distribution. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) after dissolving cellulose in LiCl/DMAc system, cellulose porous three-dimensional material was prepared by the method of bad solvent induced phase separation with ethyl acetate as bad solvent. Cellulose porous three-dimensional materials were characterized by FE-SEM,TGA,XRD and BET. The results show that cellulose porous three-dimensional materials have the advantages of macroporous mesoporous multi-pore structure, low density and large specific surface area. (2) Cellulose and titanium dioxide powder are used as raw materials. Titanium dioxide / cellulose porous three-dimensional composites were directly prepared by bad solvent induced phase separation. TIO _ 2 / cellulose porous three-dimensional composites were characterized by FE-SEM,XRD and FTIR. It was found that titanium dioxide was successfully adhered to cellulose porous three-dimensional materials and distributed evenly. (3) carbon porous three-dimensional materials were obtained by carbonizing cellulose porous three-dimensional materials under the protection of nitrogen gas at high temperature. It is found that the specific surface area of carbon porous three-dimensional materials is as high as 605mg / g, and the internal structure is macroporous, mesoporous and microporous with tertiary pore size. Carbon porous three-dimensional materials also have anti-combustibility and have potential applications in the field of high temperature adsorption. (4) the application of titanium dioxide / cellulose porous three-dimensional composites in textile dye wastewater treatment was preliminarily explored. The photocatalytic properties of TIO _ 2 / cellulose porous three-dimensional composites with different TIO _ 2 contents for dye methylene blue were investigated by photocatalytic decomposition experiments under ultraviolet light. The results show that the photocatalytic efficiency of TIO _ 2 / cellulose porous three-dimensional composites with different TIO _ 2 content is higher than that of pure TIO _ 2 powder. At the same time, the TIO _ 2 / cellulose porous three-dimensional composite also has excellent reusability, and still has 99.34% photocatalytic dye decomposition rate when repeated for 9 times. The feasibility of cellulosic porous three-dimensional material as photocatalyst carrier is proved, which is of great significance for the practical application of portable photocatalytic materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ352.79;TB383.4

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 羅成成;王暉;陳勇;;纖維素的改性及應(yīng)用研究進展[J];化工進展;2015年03期

2 姬雷賓;;纖維素的先進功能材料分析[J];科技與創(chuàng)新;2014年24期

3 盧蕓;邱堅;孫慶豐;李堅;;木質(zhì)纖維素氣凝膠在離子液體中的制備及表征[J];科技導(dǎo)報;2014年Z1期

4 高延?xùn)|;周夢怡;;纖維素溶解研究進展[J];造紙科學(xué)與技術(shù);2013年04期

5 于小迪;王洪波;劉麒;崔婭琴;;二氧化鈦光催化消毒技術(shù)在水處理中的研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)與管理;2013年01期

6 關(guān)淑霞;于海南;邰永娜;;離子液體的應(yīng)用進展[J];化學(xué)工業(yè)與工程技術(shù);2011年06期

7 錢勇;;工業(yè)廢水中重金屬離子的常見處理方法[J];廣州化工;2011年05期

8 張金明;張軍;;基于纖維素的先進功能材料[J];高分子學(xué)報;2010年12期

9 李狀;石錦志;廖兵;龐浩;;纖維素/LiCl/DMAc溶液體系的研究與應(yīng)用[J];高分子通報;2010年10期

10 徐田軍;馮玉紅;龐素娟;;纖維素的溶解研究進展[J];熱帶生物學(xué)報;2010年02期

，

本文編號：2271541