碳纖維表面BAPPO改性及其復合材料界面耐原子氧性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-10 14:24
【摘要】：碳纖維/環(huán)氧樹脂復合材料因其具有各項優(yōu)異的性能被廣泛的應用在各種航天器當中,但當航天器運行到近地太空軌道時會受到原子氧的侵蝕,所以原子氧的防護成為制約航天器存活時間的一項課題,近年來通過含芳香類苯磷氧結構(PPO)分子的引入對聚合物的耐原子氧性能有很大的提高。本文采用三種方法對碳纖維表面進行改性,并研究碳纖維與環(huán)氧樹脂之間的界面耐原子氧性能:通過雙(3-氨基苯基)苯基氧化膦(BAPPO)與環(huán)氧樹脂復配的碳纖維表面上漿涂覆法,碳纖維表面化學接枝BAPPO法,碳纖維表面二元接枝POSS法。研究上漿涂覆法改性碳纖維復合材料界面性能,首先采用紅外光譜,核磁共振譜對雙(3-氨基苯基)苯基氧化膦(BAPPO)進行表征,通過SEM,IFSS以及單絲拉伸方法確定最佳上漿劑的濃度,得出當質量分數(shù)為1%時上漿劑對纖維的整體性能最好,其集束性,表面形貌最佳,界面剪切強度以及單絲拉伸強度最高,分別達到88.63MPa,3.31GPa比抽提的纖維分別提高了19.67%以及3.54%,表面能達到55.02m N/m,比抽提的纖維提高43.35%。研究化學接枝改性碳纖維復合材料界面性能,通過XPS,SEM等測試手段確定通過碳纖維接枝BAPPO的最佳反應質量分數(shù),當BAPPO質量分數(shù)為3%時,P含量的達到3.23%,接枝效率最高,界面剪切強度提高了17.73%,單絲拉伸強度下降了5.79%,表面能提高了17.14%。研究碳纖維二元接枝POSS的最佳接枝時間,當POSS的質量分數(shù)為1%,反應時間為24h,接枝反應的Si含量最大,達到11.37%,Si/C比最大,界面剪切強度提高了15.84%,單絲拉伸下降了2.60%,表面能提高了21.76%。經(jīng)過模擬空間原子氧暴露試驗8h后,微復合材料界面性能經(jīng)過比較可以發(fā)現(xiàn),抽提后的碳纖維IFSS下降了16.65%,原絲的IFSS下降了13.33%。經(jīng)過上漿后的IFSS下降了5.22%,經(jīng)過BAPPO改性后的IFSS下降了1.63%,經(jīng)過二元接枝POSS后,IFSS下降了3.95%。經(jīng)過抽提后的IFSS下降比例最大,其次為T300原絲,然后為經(jīng)過1%上漿涂覆后的碳纖維,二元接枝POSS后的碳纖維,BAPPO改性后的碳纖維,拉伸強度經(jīng)過比較可以發(fā)現(xiàn),原絲碳纖維,抽提碳纖維,上漿碳纖維下降比例依次變小,接枝BAPPO與接枝POSS的纖維拉伸強度基本沒有發(fā)生改變。通過SEM,AFM,XPS分峰表征三種方法改性的碳纖維經(jīng)過原子氧暴露的防護機理,通過SEM,AFM觀察其表面形貌,發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過上漿,接枝BAPPO以及二元接枝POSS的方法均在其表面形成不規(guī)則的厚度不均勻的膜,通過XPS分析得出,接枝BAPPO以及上漿的纖維經(jīng)過AO暴露后表面均形成P-O類似于磷酯結構的膜作為防護層,二元接枝POSS的纖維經(jīng)過AO暴露后,推測形成類似硅的氧化物以及磷的氧化物用于保護纖維界面層。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber / epoxy composites have been widely used in various spacecraft because of their excellent properties. However, when the spacecraft is in low Earth orbit, it will be eroded by atomic oxygen. Therefore, the protection of atomic oxygen has become a problem that restricts the survival time of spacecraft. In recent years, the atomic oxygen resistance of polymers has been greatly improved through the introduction of aromatic phenophosphate oxygen (PPO) molecules. In this paper, the surface of carbon fiber was modified by three methods, and the interfacial atomic oxygen resistance between carbon fiber and epoxy resin was studied. The surface of carbon fiber was chemically grafted with BAPPO and the surface of carbon fiber was grafted with POSS. The interfacial properties of carbon fiber composites modified by sizing coating method were studied. Firstly, the Bis (3-aminophenyl) phenyl phosphine oxide (BAPPO) was characterized by IR and NMR spectra. The optimum sizing agent concentration was determined by SEM,IFSS and monofilament stretching method. The results show that when the mass fraction is 1, the sizing agent has the best overall properties, such as the best concentration, the best surface morphology, the highest interfacial shear strength and the highest tensile strength of monofilament. Compared with the extracted fiber, the fiber reached 88.63 MPA ~ 3.31 GPA and increased by 19.67% and 3.54, respectively, and the surface energy reached 55.02m N / m, and 43.35% higher than that of the extracted fiber. The interfacial properties of chemical grafted carbon fiber composites were studied. The optimum reaction mass fraction of BAPPO grafted with carbon fiber was determined by means of XPS,SEM. When the mass fraction of BAPPO was 3, the P content reached 3.23 and the grafting efficiency was the highest. The interfacial shear strength was increased by 17.73, the tensile strength of monofilament decreased by 5.79 and the surface energy increased by 17.14. When the mass fraction of POSS is 1 and the reaction time is 24 h, the content of Si is the largest, reaching 11.37 Si / C ratio, the interfacial shear strength is increased 15.84 and the tensile strength of monofilament decreases by 2.60 and the surface energy increases by 21.76. After 8 hours of simulated space atomic oxygen exposure test, the interfacial properties of the microcomposites were compared. It was found that the IFSS of the extracted carbon fiber decreased 16.65% and the IFSS of the precursor decreased 13.33%. After sizing, the IFSS decreased 5.22%, the IFSS modified by BAPPO decreased 1.63%, and the IFSS decreased 3.95% after binary grafting of POSS. After extraction, the IFSS decreased the most, followed by the T300 filament, then the carbon fiber coated with 1% sizing, the carbon fiber after binary grafted POSS, the carbon fiber modified by BAPPO, and the tensile strength of the precursor fiber was found by comparison. When the carbon fiber was extracted, the decreasing proportion of the sizing carbon fibers decreased in turn, while the tensile strength of the grafted BAPPO and POSS fibers remained unchanged. The protective mechanism of carbon fiber modified by SEM,AFM,XPS was characterized by atomic oxygen exposure. The surface morphology of carbon fiber modified by three methods was observed by SEM,AFM. The methods of grafted BAPPO and binary grafted POSS formed irregular and uneven films on their surfaces. The results of XPS analysis showed that the surface of grafted BAPPO and sizing fibers were exposed to AO to form P-O membrane similar to phosphate ester structure as a protective layer. After AO exposure to binary grafted POSS fibers, it is assumed that silicon-like oxides and phosphorous oxides are used to protect the interfacial layers of the fibers.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332
本文編號：2262122
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber / epoxy composites have been widely used in various spacecraft because of their excellent properties. However, when the spacecraft is in low Earth orbit, it will be eroded by atomic oxygen. Therefore, the protection of atomic oxygen has become a problem that restricts the survival time of spacecraft. In recent years, the atomic oxygen resistance of polymers has been greatly improved through the introduction of aromatic phenophosphate oxygen (PPO) molecules. In this paper, the surface of carbon fiber was modified by three methods, and the interfacial atomic oxygen resistance between carbon fiber and epoxy resin was studied. The surface of carbon fiber was chemically grafted with BAPPO and the surface of carbon fiber was grafted with POSS. The interfacial properties of carbon fiber composites modified by sizing coating method were studied. Firstly, the Bis (3-aminophenyl) phenyl phosphine oxide (BAPPO) was characterized by IR and NMR spectra. The optimum sizing agent concentration was determined by SEM,IFSS and monofilament stretching method. The results show that when the mass fraction is 1, the sizing agent has the best overall properties, such as the best concentration, the best surface morphology, the highest interfacial shear strength and the highest tensile strength of monofilament. Compared with the extracted fiber, the fiber reached 88.63 MPA ~ 3.31 GPA and increased by 19.67% and 3.54, respectively, and the surface energy reached 55.02m N / m, and 43.35% higher than that of the extracted fiber. The interfacial properties of chemical grafted carbon fiber composites were studied. The optimum reaction mass fraction of BAPPO grafted with carbon fiber was determined by means of XPS,SEM. When the mass fraction of BAPPO was 3, the P content reached 3.23 and the grafting efficiency was the highest. The interfacial shear strength was increased by 17.73, the tensile strength of monofilament decreased by 5.79 and the surface energy increased by 17.14. When the mass fraction of POSS is 1 and the reaction time is 24 h, the content of Si is the largest, reaching 11.37 Si / C ratio, the interfacial shear strength is increased 15.84 and the tensile strength of monofilament decreases by 2.60 and the surface energy increases by 21.76. After 8 hours of simulated space atomic oxygen exposure test, the interfacial properties of the microcomposites were compared. It was found that the IFSS of the extracted carbon fiber decreased 16.65% and the IFSS of the precursor decreased 13.33%. After sizing, the IFSS decreased 5.22%, the IFSS modified by BAPPO decreased 1.63%, and the IFSS decreased 3.95% after binary grafting of POSS. After extraction, the IFSS decreased the most, followed by the T300 filament, then the carbon fiber coated with 1% sizing, the carbon fiber after binary grafted POSS, the carbon fiber modified by BAPPO, and the tensile strength of the precursor fiber was found by comparison. When the carbon fiber was extracted, the decreasing proportion of the sizing carbon fibers decreased in turn, while the tensile strength of the grafted BAPPO and POSS fibers remained unchanged. The protective mechanism of carbon fiber modified by SEM,AFM,XPS was characterized by atomic oxygen exposure. The surface morphology of carbon fiber modified by three methods was observed by SEM,AFM. The methods of grafted BAPPO and binary grafted POSS formed irregular and uneven films on their surfaces. The results of XPS analysis showed that the surface of grafted BAPPO and sizing fibers were exposed to AO to form P-O membrane similar to phosphate ester structure as a protective layer. After AO exposure to binary grafted POSS fibers, it is assumed that silicon-like oxides and phosphorous oxides are used to protect the interfacial layers of the fibers.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332
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相關期刊論文 前2條
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2 趙偉;李衛(wèi)平;劉慧從;朱立群;;模擬原子氧環(huán)境下聚酰亞胺材料的侵蝕研究(英文)[J];Chinese Journal of Aeronautics;2010年02期
，本文編號：2262122
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