【摘要】：水性聚氨酯是一種以水為分散介質(zhì)的二元胺態(tài)聚氨酯,它不僅具有無(wú)毒、不易燃燒、無(wú)污染、節(jié)能、易改性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),同時(shí)還有溶劑型聚氨酯耐低溫、粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度大等性能,但是水性聚氨酯的耐水性、耐溶劑性、耐化學(xué)性等性能不如溶劑型。隨著國(guó)家環(huán)保政策的發(fā)展,人們開(kāi)始對(duì)環(huán)保的意識(shí)越來(lái)越強(qiáng)。由于水性聚氨酯在力學(xué)性能、吸水率等方面尚有欠缺,所以研究人員在改性水性聚氨酯時(shí),加入納米材料,使得水性聚氨酯在力學(xué)性能、吸水率等方面得到提高。本文主要是研究納米材料(納米SiC、納米TiO_2)的表面處理以及表面處理納米材料(納米SiC、納米TiO_2)與水性聚氨酯復(fù)合的性能,并對(duì)復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行元素分析、形貌、結(jié)構(gòu)、耐熱、力學(xué)等方面表征。本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)以甲苯二異氰酸酯(TDI)和聚丙二醇2000(PPG2000)為原料制備水性聚氨酯乳液,利用FT-IR進(jìn)行表征,檢測(cè)異氰酸酯基是否反應(yīng)完全,通過(guò)選取不同DMPA含量、R值來(lái)制備水性聚氨酯乳液,得到最佳DMPA含量為4%和R值為4,同時(shí)檢測(cè)乳液的穩(wěn)定性和吸水率。(2)利用硅烷偶聯(lián)劑(KH-550)對(duì)納米SiC表面進(jìn)行改性處理,使得KH-550嫁接到納米SiC上。通過(guò)物理混合法制備表面處理納米SiC/水性聚氨酯復(fù)合材料。通過(guò)FT-IR、XRD、SEM進(jìn)行表征。采用TG對(duì)復(fù)合材料的耐熱性能進(jìn)行測(cè)試,對(duì)復(fù)合材料的斷裂伸長(zhǎng)率和拉伸強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了力學(xué)測(cè)試。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,復(fù)合材料的耐熱溫度達(dá)到590℃,復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能要優(yōu)于未表面處理納米SiC與水性聚氨酯的復(fù)合材料和水性聚氨酯。(3)利用KH-550對(duì)納米TiO_2表面進(jìn)行改性處理,使得KH-550嫁接到納米TiO_2上,再采用水熱法使上述納米TiO_2與石墨烯(RGO)進(jìn)行復(fù)合,得到表面處理納米TiO_2/RGO復(fù)合材料。通過(guò)物理混合法制備表面處理納米TiO_2/RGO/WPU復(fù)合材料。通過(guò)FT-IR、XRD、SEM、TEM、Raman、XPS、EDS、BET、UV-vis、紫外可見(jiàn)光分析對(duì)復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行表征。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,當(dāng)W表面處理納米TiO_2/RGO=8%,光照90min,甲基橙溶液的光降解率達(dá)到91.01%。采用TG對(duì)復(fù)合材料的耐熱性能進(jìn)行測(cè)試,耐水測(cè)試對(duì)復(fù)合材料的耐水率進(jìn)行測(cè)試。當(dāng)W表面處理納米TiO_2/RGO/WPU=8%時(shí),吸水率達(dá)到最低。
[Abstract]:Waterborne polyurethane is a kind of binary amine polyurethane with water as dispersing medium. It not only has the advantages of non-toxic, non-combustible, pollution-free, energy-saving, easy to modify, but also has the properties of solvent polyurethane, such as low temperature resistance, high bond strength, etc. But the water-resistant, solvent-resistant and chemical-resistant properties of waterborne polyurethane are inferior to those of solvent-based polyurethane. With the development of national environmental protection policy, people begin to be more and more aware of environmental protection. Due to the lack of mechanical properties and water absorption of waterborne polyurethane, the addition of nano-materials in the modification of waterborne polyurethane can improve the mechanical properties and water absorption of waterborne polyurethane. In this paper, the surface treatment of nanomaterials (nano SiC, nano TiO_2) and the properties of surface treated nano materials (nano SiC, nano TiO_2) and waterborne polyurethane were studied, and the elemental analysis, morphology, structure, heat resistance of the composites were carried out. Mechanical characterization. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Waterborne polyurethane emulsion was prepared from toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and poly (propylene glycol 2000) (PPG2000) and characterized by FT-IR. By selecting different DMPA content and R value to prepare waterborne polyurethane emulsion, the optimum DMPA content is 4% and R value is 4. Meanwhile, the stability and water absorption of the emulsion are determined. (2) the surface of nano-scale SiC is modified by silane coupling agent (KH-550). KH-550 was grafted onto nanometer SiC. The surface treated SiC/ waterborne polyurethane composites were prepared by physical mixing method. It was characterized by FT-IR,XRD,SEM. The heat resistance of the composites was measured by TG, and the elongation at break and tensile strength of the composites were tested. The experimental results show that the thermal resistance of the composites reaches 590 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2205919