發(fā)布時間：2018-08-16 19:16

【摘要】：由于鎢及鎢合金具有高熔點、低濺射性、高熱導(dǎo)率和低的氘滯留等優(yōu)點,因此被認(rèn)為是面向等離子體第一壁的最佳候選材料。然而低溫脆性、韌脆轉(zhuǎn)變溫度高和輻照脆化等問題限制了其在聚變反應(yīng)堆的應(yīng)用,微合金化是一種有效提高鎢基復(fù)合材料綜合性能的方法。本文采用機(jī)械球磨Nb、Ti等合金元素改性W基復(fù)合材料,并采用SPS燒結(jié)來制備新型的W基復(fù)合材料。研究了不同Nb含量、不同球磨時間、Nb和Ti協(xié)同作用以及Nb和TiC協(xié)同作用對W基復(fù)合材料組織結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的影響。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)Nb摻雜W TiC復(fù)合材料可以明顯提高其相對密度和熱導(dǎo)率,同時Nb摻雜可以明顯提高W TiC復(fù)合材料高溫拉伸強(qiáng)度等性能。(2)少量Nb和Ti摻雜W材料,可以有效降低D2滯留量,提高W Nb/Ti復(fù)合材料的氘滯留抗性。W Ti/Nb復(fù)合材料的孔隙率將隨著Ti含量增加而增加。隨著摻雜的Ti含量增加,W基復(fù)合材料的顯微硬度值從697.0 HV降低到608.9 HV。當(dāng)Ti含量達(dá)到4wt%時,拉伸強(qiáng)度達(dá)到最大值(410.53MPa)。W Nb/Ti復(fù)合材料在燒結(jié)過程中形成了Ti(X)W(1-X)固溶體。(3)隨著球磨時間增加,W Nb復(fù)合粉末晶粒尺寸減小,而晶格應(yīng)變和位錯密度增加。經(jīng)25 h球磨后制得的W Nb復(fù)合材料擁有最低的孔隙率,并且富Nb相細(xì)小均勻分布在鎢合金的晶粒內(nèi)部和晶界上。球磨25 h的W Nb復(fù)合材料擁有最佳的抗氘輻射性能。(4)隨著Nb含量增加,復(fù)合粉末顆粒尺寸減小。Nb合金元素可以有效促進(jìn)W基材料燒結(jié)致密化。隨著Nb含量增加,顯微硬度增加,這可以歸因于晶粒細(xì)化和低孔隙率。隨著Nb含量增加,總氘滯留量增加,過量的Nb摻雜W基材料不利于抵抗氘滯留。
[Abstract]:Tungsten and tungsten alloys are considered as the best candidate materials for plasma first wall due to their advantages of high melting point low sputtering high thermal conductivity and low deuterium retention. However, low temperature brittleness, high ductile-brittle transition temperature and irradiation embrittlement limit its application in fusion reactor. Microalloying is an effective method to improve the comprehensive properties of tungsten matrix composites. In this paper, a new type of W matrix composites was prepared by mechanical ball milling and SPS sintering. The effects of different NB content, different milling time, NB and Ti synergism and NB and TiC synergism on the microstructure and properties of W matrix composites were studied. The main results are as follows: (1) the relative density and thermal conductivity of Nb-doped W / TiC composites can be improved significantly, while NB doping can obviously improve the tensile strength and other properties of W / TiC composites at high temperature. (2) A small amount of NB and Ti doped W composites can improve the properties of W composites at high temperature. The deuterium retention resistance of W / W Nb/Ti composites increased with the increase of Ti content, and the porosity of W / W Ti/Nb composites increased with the increase of Ti content. The microhardness of W matrix composites decreased from 697.0 HV to 608.9 HV with the increase of Ti content. When Ti content reaches 4wt%, the tensile strength reaches the maximum (410.53MPa). W / W Nb/Ti composites form Ti (X) W (1-X) solid solution during sintering. (3) with the increase of milling time, the grain size of W / N b composite powder decreases, while the lattice strain and dislocation density increase. After 25 h ball milling, the W / Nb composite has the lowest porosity, and the fine and uniform distribution of Nb-rich phase on the grain interior and grain boundary of tungsten alloy. (4) with the increase of NB content, the particle size of the composite powder decreases. The alloy element of Nb alloy can promote the sintering densification of W-base material effectively. The microhardness increases with the increase of NB content, which can be attributed to grain refinement and low porosity. With the increase of NB content, the total deuterium retention increased, and excessive NB doped W-based materials were not conducive to resist deuterium retention.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB33

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