本文選題：電氣石 + 復(fù)合材料��； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：電氣石擁有良好的熱致電性與壓敏電性,與空氣中水分作用可產(chǎn)生負氧離子,且具有輻射遠紅外線、較高的表面能與表面活性等特殊功能,被大量應(yīng)用在水處理、醫(yī)療保健、涂料、纖維織物等方面。電氣石的表面為親水表面,且其表面能較高,所以容易大量團聚并且在聚合物中分散性和穩(wěn)定性較差,嚴重影響了電氣石/聚合物復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能,使其使用性能變差難以在生產(chǎn)生活中得到應(yīng)用,也難以充分發(fā)揮電氣石的功能特性。所以電氣石亟待改性以提升其利用價值,并且制備具有電氣石功能的高分子基復(fù)合材料。本文以三種不同的酸酐作為表面改性劑對電氣石進行表面改性,將碳碳雙鍵引入電氣石表面,得到了可聚合的有機化電氣石,然后與乙酸乙烯酯共聚制備了三種含電氣石的功能高分子聚合物,并對其結(jié)構(gòu)與性能進行了表征。(1)通過甲基丙烯酸酐對電氣石的表面改性,將碳碳雙鍵引入電氣石表面,使電氣石具備可聚合功能,與乙酸乙烯酯共聚后得到了甲基丙烯酸電氣石酯-乙酸乙烯酯功能共聚物,結(jié)構(gòu)分析表明電氣石被引入高分鏈中,這種功能共聚物拉伸強度可達2.5MPa左右,且具備電氣石的功能特性。(2)使用十四碳烯琥珀酸酐對電氣石進行改性,成功制備了十四碳烯琥珀酸電氣石酯,結(jié)構(gòu)表征證明其含有雙鍵基團,可以進行加聚反應(yīng),使用十四碳烯琥珀酸電氣石酯與乙酸乙烯酯進行共聚,成功制備了十四碳烯琥珀酸電氣石酯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物。結(jié)果表明,電氣石成功引入聚合物結(jié)構(gòu)中,表現(xiàn)出良好的分散穩(wěn)定性;功能聚合物的拉伸強度可達5.5Mpa左右,并具備電氣石的特殊功能特性。(3)采用乙酸乙烯酯和順丁烯二酸酐進行共聚,制備了含有活性基團的功能聚合物,使用制備的功能聚合物與電氣石進行反應(yīng),將電氣石引入功能聚合物的高分子鏈中,制備了含電氣石的功能聚合物。結(jié)構(gòu)分析表明電氣石成功引入到功能聚合物的結(jié)構(gòu)中,功能聚合物的負離子釋放量高達1300個/cm3以上,遠紅外輻射率高于0.9,且具有優(yōu)良的力學(xué)性能。比較上述三種酸酐,甲基丙烯酸酐屬于短鏈酸酐,十四碳烯琥珀酸酐屬于長鏈酸酐,順丁烯二酸酐屬于環(huán)狀酸酐。通過三種功能聚合物的比較可以得知十四碳烯琥珀酸電氣石酯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物在分散穩(wěn)定性和力學(xué)性能上的表現(xiàn)更為優(yōu)異,且具有良好的負離子釋放性與遠紅外輻射性。
[Abstract]:Tourmaline has good thermal conductivity and pressure-sensitive electricity, it can produce negative oxygen ion when it acts with water in air, and it has special functions such as far infrared radiation, high surface energy and surface activity, etc., so it is widely used in water treatment, medical care, etc. Paint, fiber fabrics, etc. The surface of tourmaline is hydrophilic, and its surface energy is high, so it is easy to agglomerate and has poor dispersion and stability in polymer, which seriously affects the mechanical properties of tourmaline / polymer composites. It is difficult to apply in production and life and to give full play to the functional characteristics of tourmaline due to its poor performance. Therefore, tourmaline needs to be modified to improve its utilization value, and to prepare polymer matrix composites with tourmaline function. In this paper, three different kinds of anhydride were used as surface modifiers to modify the surface of tourmaline, and the carbon-carbon double bond was introduced into the surface of tourmaline to obtain polymerizable organic tourmaline. Then three kinds of functional polymer containing tourmaline were prepared by copolymerization with ethylene acetate. The structure and properties of the polymer were characterized. (1) the carbon-carbon double bond was introduced into the tourmaline surface by the surface modification of methacrylic anhydride. The functional copolymers of tourmaline methacrylate and vinyl acetate were obtained by copolymerization of tourmaline with ethylene acetate. The structure analysis showed that tourmaline was introduced into high chain. The tensile strength of the functional copolymers can reach about 2.5 MPA and possess the functional properties of tourmaline. (2) Tetradecene succinic anhydride was used to modify the tourmaline, and the tetradecene succinate tourmaline ester was successfully prepared. The structure characterization showed that the copolymer contained double bond group and could be polymerized. The copolymer of tetradecene succinate tourmaline ester and ethylene acetate was successfully prepared by copolymerization of tetradecene succinate tourmaline ester and ethylene acetate. The results showed that tourmaline was successfully introduced into polymer structure and showed good dispersion stability, and the tensile strength of functional polymer was about 5.5 MPA. The functional polymers containing active groups were prepared by copolymerization of vinyl acetate and maleic anhydride, and the prepared functional polymers reacted with tourmaline. Tourmaline-containing functional polymer was prepared by introducing tourmaline into the polymer chain. The structure analysis shows that tourmaline is successfully introduced into the structure of functional polymers. The anion emission of functional polymers is more than 1 300 / cm3 and the far infrared emissivity is higher than 0. 9 and has excellent mechanical properties. Compared with the above three anhydride, methacrylic anhydride belongs to short chain acid anhydride, tetradecene succinic anhydride belongs to long chain acid anhydride, maleic anhydride belongs to cyclic anhydride. The comparison of the three functional polymers shows that the copolymer of tourmaline succinate tetradecene succinate and vinyl acetate has better dispersion stability and mechanical properties, and has good negative ion release and far infrared radiation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB332

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本文編號：2102802