本文選題：沙柳纖維 + 輕質工程材料��； 參考：《內蒙古農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：利用內蒙古西部生長的一種豐富資源沙柳材的纖維制備了一種輕質工程材料,為沙柳資源的利用開辟出了一條新的途徑。分析了材料形成的基本原理和選取的原料特點,研究了不同堿處理條件對沙柳纖維結晶度與氫鍵相對含量的影響,利用響應面分析法優(yōu)化了材料的制備工藝,研究了三聚氰胺樹脂對材料的增強作用,主要內容如下：1、選取了堿濃度為0、10g·L-1、20g·L-1、30g·L-1、40g·L-1、50g·L-1、60g·L-1,堿處理時間為0.5h、1.0h、1.5h、2.0h、2.5h、3.0h,堿處理溫度為20℃、40℃、60℃、80℃、100℃,研究了不同堿處理條件對沙柳纖維的結晶度與氫鍵相對含量的影響,得出以下結論；(1)隨著堿濃度的增大,沙柳纖維的結晶度先增大后減小,在10g·L-1時最大,為42.69%；沙柳纖維中分子間氫鍵O(6)H...O(3')的含量與結晶度變化趨勢一致,分子內氫鍵O(3)H...O(5)的變化趨勢與分子間氫鍵O(6)H...O(3')相反，，分子內氫鍵O(2)H...O(6)變化趨勢較小；(2)隨著堿處理時間的增加,沙柳纖維的結晶度先增大后減小,在2.0h時最大,為40.23%;沙柳纖維中分子間氫鍵O(6)H...O(3')的含量與結晶度變化趨勢一致,分子內氫鍵O(3)H...O(5)的變化趨勢與分子間氫鍵O(6)H...O(3')相反,分子內氫鍵O(2)H...O(6)的變化趨勢不顯著；(3)隨著堿處理溫度的升高,沙柳纖維的結晶度在逐漸增大：沙柳纖維中分子間氫鍵0(6)H...O(3')的含量與結晶度變化趨勢一致,分子內氫鍵O(3)H...O(5)先保持穩(wěn)定后逐漸減小,而分子內氫鍵0(2)H...O(6)的變化趨勢不顯著。2、以沙柳纖維、PVA、起泡劑和硅酸鈉為因素,密度和壓縮應力為響應值,采用Box-Benhnken的中心組合試驗設計原理,利用Design-Expert.V8.0.6.1軟件,對試驗結果進行回歸分析,得到以下結論：(1)分別建立了響應值密度和壓縮應力與四個因素間的二次多項式模型：(2)單因素響應分析知,隨著沙柳纖維含量的增大,材料的密度逐漸增大,壓縮應力先增大后減小;隨著PVA濃度的增大,密度逐漸增大，壓縮應力先增大后減�。弘S著起泡劑含量的增大,密度逐漸減小,壓縮應力逐漸減小：隨著硅酸鈉濃度的增大,材料的密度先減小后增大,壓縮應力先增大后減小,但兩者變化幅度都不大;(3)選擇密度最小、壓縮應力最大時,得到的最佳制備工藝條件為：沙柳纖維為38g.PVA為8%,起泡刺為4g，硅酸鈉為4%,在該條件下制得的材料密度為0.0412g·cm-3，壓縮應力為8.976KPa。3、利用機械發(fā)泡法與化學發(fā)泡法,并采用溶膠-凝膠原理制備了沙柳纖維基輕質工程材料；研究了添加不同量的三聚氰胺樹脂對材料的密度、壓縮應力、氧指數(shù)、內部基團與熱穩(wěn)定性的影響。結果表明：(1)隨三聚氰胺樹脂添加量的增大,材料的密度、壓縮應力和氧指數(shù)都呈現(xiàn)出了增大的趨勢;(2)紅外分析知,三聚氰胺樹脂的加入減弱了羥基—OH與共軛羰基C=O的吸收峰；(3)熱重分析表明,三聚氰胺樹脂的加入提高了材料在高于340℃之后的熱穩(wěn)定性,且隨三聚氰胺樹脂添加量的增大,材料的熱穩(wěn)定性增加；(4)差示掃描量熱分析知,三聚氰胺樹脂的加入抑制了材料在345℃處的吸熱反應與420℃處的放熱反應,即起到了阻燃作用,且隨三聚氰胺樹脂添加量的增大,材料的阻燃性增強。
[Abstract]:A light engineering material was prepared from the fiber of a rich resource of Salix in Western Inner Mongolia. A new way was developed for the utilization of Salix resources. The basic principle of the material formation and the characteristics of the selected raw materials were analyzed. The relative content of the crystallinity of Salix fiber and hydrogen bond in different alkali treatment conditions was studied. The preparation process of materials was optimized by response surface analysis. The enhancement effect of melamine resin on materials was studied. The main contents are as follows: 1, the alkali concentration is 0,10g. L-1,20g. L-1,30g. L-1,40g. L-1,50g. L-1,60g. L-1. The alkali treatment time is 0.5h, 1.0h, 1.5h, 2.0h, 2.5h, and alkali treatment temperature is 20, 40, 60, 80. The influence of different alkali treatment conditions on the crystallinity of Salix fiber and the relative hydrogen bond content of Salix fiber was studied at 100 degrees C, and the following conclusion was obtained. (1) with the increase of alkali concentration, the crystallinity of Salix fiber increased first and then decreased, which was the maximum at 10g. L-1, which was 42.69%. The content of intermolecular hydrogen bond O (6) H... O (3') in Salix fiber and crystallinity of Salix fiber tend to change. The change trend of intramolecular hydrogen bond O (3) H... O (5) is opposite to the intermolecular hydrogen bond O (6) H... O (3'), and the intramolecular hydrogen bond O (2) H... O (6) has a smaller trend. (2) with the increase of alkali treatment time, the crystallinity of Salix fiber increases first and then decreases, it is 40.23% at 2.0h, and the content of intermolecular hydrogen bond O (6) in Salix fiber The change trend of crystallinity is the same, the change trend of intramolecular hydrogen bond O (3) H... O (5) is opposite to the intermolecular hydrogen bond O (6) H... O (3'), and the change trend of intramolecular hydrogen bond O (2) H... O (6) is not significant. (3) the crystallinity of Salix fiber increases with the increase of alkali treatment temperature: the content and crystallization of the intermolecular hydrogen bond 0 (6) in Salix fiber, O (6) The trend of degree change is consistent, the intramolecular hydrogen bond O (3) H... O (5) is kept stable first and gradually decreases, while the change trend of intramolecular hydrogen bond 0 (2) H... O (6) is not significant.2, with Salix fiber, PVA, foaming agent and sodium silicate as the factors, density and compressive stress as response values, the central combination test design principle of Box-Benhnken is used and Design-Expert.V8.0. is used in Design-Expert.V8.0.. 6.1 software, the results of the test are regressed and the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the two polynomial model of response value density and compression stress and four factors are established respectively. (2) single factor response analysis knows that the density of the material increases gradually with the increase of the content of Salix fiber, the compressive stress increases first and then decreases; with the concentration of PVA As the density increases, the compressive stress increases first and then decreases: with the increase of the content of the foaming agent, the density decreases and the compressive stress gradually decreases: with the increase of sodium silicate concentration, the density of the material increases first and then increases, the compressive stress increases first and then decreases, but the amplitude of the two changes is not significant; (3) the minimum selection density and compression stress are made. The optimum preparation conditions are as follows: the fiber of Salix is 38g.PVA 8%, the foaming prick is 4G, the sodium silicate is 4%, the density of the material is 0.0412g. Cm-3, the compressive stress is 8.976KPa.3, the mechanical foaming method and chemical foaming method are used, and the sol-gel principle is used to prepare the lightweight engineering material of Salix fiber base. The effects of different amounts of melamine resin on the density, compressive stress, oxygen index, internal group and thermal stability were investigated. The results showed that: (1) the density, compressive stress and oxygen index of the melamine resin increased with the increase of the amount of melamine resin, and (2) the addition of melamine resin was known by infrared analysis. The absorption peaks of hydroxyl OH and conjugated carbonyl C=O were weakened; (3) thermogravimetric analysis showed that the addition of melamine resin increased the thermal stability of the material at higher than 340 degrees C, and increased the thermal stability of the material with the increase of the addition of melamine resin; (4) the addition of melamine resin was known to inhibit the material. The heat absorption of the material at 345 C and the exothermic reaction at 420 centigrade, which is the flame retardancy, and the flame retardancy of the material increases with the increase of the amount of melamine resin.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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