本文選題：功能化淀粉納米晶 + 接枝聚合��； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文通過交聯(lián)反應(yīng)、接枝聚合反應(yīng)等方法制備了功能化淀粉納米晶,通過FT-IR、1HNMR、XRD、SEM等進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌表征,并通過浸潤性實驗分析其在極性溶劑和非極性溶劑中的分散性。實驗結(jié)果表明,功能化淀粉納米晶的顆粒分散性得到提高,粒徑增大。FT-IR和1H NMR表明聚苯乙烯接枝到淀粉納米晶表面,環(huán)氧氯丙烷與淀粉納米晶表面的羥基發(fā)生了交聯(lián)反應(yīng)。XRD結(jié)果表明功能化后的淀粉納米晶基本不改變原淀粉納米晶的晶型。同時,浸潤性實驗表明功能化淀粉納米晶表現(xiàn)出良好的雙親性。將功能化淀粉納米晶添加到聚乳酸中制得功能化淀粉納米晶/聚乳酸納米復(fù)合材料,通過SEM觀察其界面相容性,并使用FT-IR、XRD等方法表征其分子結(jié)構(gòu)和結(jié)晶結(jié)構(gòu),用DSC分析其熱性能,并對其力學(xué)性能、透水蒸氣性進(jìn)行測試。實驗結(jié)果表明,添加1%-8%的功能化淀粉納米晶不改變聚乳酸基體的結(jié)構(gòu)。DSC結(jié)果表明,功能化淀粉納米晶的添加將聚乳酸基體的玻璃化轉(zhuǎn)變溫度降低了10℃,而對其熔融溫度影響不大。力學(xué)性能測試結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)交聯(lián)淀粉納米晶的添加量為3%時,能顯著提高納米復(fù)合材料的強(qiáng)度和韌性,與純聚乳酸材料相比,其拉伸強(qiáng)度提高12%,彈性模量增加35%,斷裂伸長則增加了16%；聚苯乙烯接枝粉納米晶添加量在1%時,納米復(fù)合材料的拉伸強(qiáng)度、模量均得到提高,斷裂伸長變化不大,而隨著添加量的增加,模量一直在增加,當(dāng)添加量為8%時,達(dá)到20%。功能化淀粉納米晶/聚乳酸納米復(fù)合材料的斷面微觀結(jié)構(gòu)表明,交聯(lián)淀粉納米晶的添加量在1%-3%時,分散均勻,并且斷面結(jié)構(gòu)有小凸起,說明交聯(lián)淀粉納米晶與聚乳酸基體間有很好的相互作用,而當(dāng)添加量達(dá)到8%時,交聯(lián)淀粉納米晶在聚乳酸基體中會出現(xiàn)明顯的聚集；隨著聚苯乙烯接枝淀粉納米晶添加量的增加,其與聚乳酸基體會出現(xiàn)部分相分離,斷面出現(xiàn)光滑空穴。透水蒸氣性分析表明,功能化淀粉納米晶能有效降低聚乳酸的水蒸氣透過性,具有良好的氣體阻隔性能。添加了3%的交聯(lián)淀粉納米晶的聚乳酸納米復(fù)合材料的水蒸氣透過率降低了21.17%。
[Abstract]:In this paper, functionalized starch nanocrystals were prepared by cross-linking reaction and graft polymerization. The structure and morphology of functional starch nanocrystals were characterized by FT-IR1HNMR-XRDX SEM, and their dispersity in polar and non-polar solvents was analyzed by soakage experiments. The results showed that the dispersion of functionalized starch nanoparticles was improved, and the particle size increased. FT-IR and 1H NMR showed that polystyrene was grafted onto the surface of starch nanocrystals. The cross-linking reaction between epichlorohydrin and hydroxyl groups on the surface of starch nanocrystals. XRD results show that the functionalized starch nanocrystals do not change the crystalline form of the original starch nanocrystals. At the same time, the soakage test showed that the functionalized starch nanocrystals showed good amphiphilic properties. Functional starch nanocrystalline / polylactic acid nanocomposites were prepared by adding functionalized starch nanocrystals to polylactic acid. The interfacial compatibility of functionalized starch nanocrystals / polylactic acid nanocomposites was observed by SEM. The molecular and crystalline structures were characterized by FT-IR XRD. Its thermal properties were analyzed by DSC, and its mechanical properties and water vapor permeability were tested. The results showed that the addition of 1-8% functionalized starch nanocrystalline did not change the structure of polylactic acid matrix. The results showed that the glass transition temperature of polylactic acid matrix was reduced by 10 鈩，

本文編號：2083402