本文選題：聚乳酸 + 植物纖維��； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著石油資源的日益短缺和環(huán)境污染的日趨嚴(yán)重,不依賴于石油資源的可降解高分子材料以及可再生的植物資源得到了快速的發(fā)展。劍麻纖維(SF)具有許多傳統(tǒng)纖維所無(wú)法比擬的優(yōu)勢(shì),利用其填充增強(qiáng)聚乳酸(PLA),不僅能夠降低聚乳酸的成本,提升其性能并拓寬應(yīng)用范圍,同時(shí)還能夠解決上述問(wèn)題并實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文基于單一劍麻纖維自身性能的缺陷,采用兩種性能不同的植物纖維-竹原纖維(BF)和椰殼纖維(CF),分別與劍麻纖維進(jìn)行混雜,研究混雜植物纖維增強(qiáng)聚乳酸復(fù)合材料的性能。采用堿液對(duì)三種植物纖維進(jìn)行表面處理,制備了劍麻/竹原纖維混雜增強(qiáng)聚乳酸復(fù)合材料(PLA/ASF/ABF)和劍麻/椰殼纖維混雜增強(qiáng)聚乳酸復(fù)合材料(PLA/ASF/ACF),研究了混雜比對(duì)兩種混雜復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能、微觀形貌、結(jié)晶性能和熱性能的影響,同時(shí)對(duì)混雜復(fù)合材料的混雜效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了分析。研究結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)過(guò)堿處理后,三種植物纖維表面的半纖維素、木質(zhì)素等小分子物質(zhì)均被不同程度的去除,纖維長(zhǎng)徑比增加,并且在氮?dú)猸h(huán)境下的熱穩(wěn)定性得到提高。在三種單一纖維增強(qiáng)聚乳酸復(fù)合材料中,劍麻纖維增強(qiáng)聚乳酸(PLA/ASF)具有相對(duì)較好的力學(xué)性能,但沖擊性能提升幅度較小,而單一竹原纖維和椰殼纖維增強(qiáng)聚乳酸的沖擊性能均有較大幅度的提升。此外,三種植物纖維均能提高復(fù)合材料的結(jié)晶能力和結(jié)晶度,并且與未改性相比,堿處理均能提高復(fù)合材料的熱穩(wěn)定性。將劍麻纖維與竹原纖維進(jìn)行混雜增強(qiáng)聚乳酸后,混雜復(fù)合材料表現(xiàn)出的力學(xué)性能變化并不規(guī)律,只有在混雜比為5:5時(shí),混雜復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能相對(duì)較好。與純聚乳酸以及相同纖維含量的單一纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料相比,混雜復(fù)合材料在混雜比為5:5時(shí)拉伸性能變化不大,而其它性能尤其是沖擊性能得到較大幅度提高,達(dá)到了混雜增強(qiáng)效果。此外,混雜比對(duì)混雜復(fù)合材料的熱性能影響幅度較小。將劍麻纖維與椰殼纖維進(jìn)行混雜后,混雜復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能呈現(xiàn)出較明顯的變化趨勢(shì),在混雜比為7:3時(shí),混雜復(fù)合材料體現(xiàn)出較好的力學(xué)性能,與純PLA以及相同纖維含量的PLA/ASF相比,混雜復(fù)合材料其拉伸強(qiáng)度略有降低,但高于PLA/ACF,而彎曲和沖擊強(qiáng)度均有較大幅度的提高,且均高于純PLA以及相同纖維含量的PLA/ASF和PLA/ACF;除了拉伸模量外,其它力學(xué)性能均表現(xiàn)為正混雜效應(yīng)。此外,當(dāng)混雜比為7:3時(shí),混雜復(fù)合材料的結(jié)晶能力和結(jié)晶度最高,與力學(xué)性能相一致;而混雜比對(duì)混雜復(fù)合材料的熱穩(wěn)定性的影響幅度較小。
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of petroleum resources and environmental pollution, biodegradable polymer materials and renewable plant resources, which are independent of petroleum resources, have been developed rapidly. Sisal fiber (SFL) has many advantages that can not be compared with traditional fibers. Using it to fill and strengthen polylactic acid (PLA) can not only reduce the cost of polylactic acid (PLA), but also improve its performance and widen its application range. At the same time can also solve the above problems and achieve sustainable development. Based on the defect of single sisal fiber, two kinds of plant fiber, BF and CFC were mixed with sisal fiber to study the properties of hybrid plant fiber reinforced polylactic acid composite. The surface of three kinds of plant fibers was treated with lye solution. Sisal / bamboo fiber hybrid reinforced poly (lactic acid) composites (PLA / ASF / ABF) and sisal / coconut fiber hybrid reinforced poly (lactic acid) composites (PLA / ASF / ACFF) were prepared. The mechanical properties and micromorphology of the two hybrid composites were studied. The effects of crystallization and thermal properties on the hybrid composites were analyzed. The results showed that after alkali treatment, the hemicellulose and lignin on the surface of the three kinds of plant fibers were removed to varying degrees, the aspect ratio of fibers increased, and the thermal stability of the fibers was improved in nitrogen environment. Among the three single fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites, sisal fiber reinforced PLA / ASF has relatively good mechanical properties, but the impact property is relatively small. However, the impact properties of single bamboo fiber and coconut shell fiber reinforced polylactic acid were greatly improved. In addition, three kinds of plant fibers can improve the crystallinity and crystallinity of the composites, and the alkali treatment can improve the thermal stability of the composites compared with the unmodified ones. When sisal fiber and bamboo fiber were mixed to reinforce polylactic acid, the mechanical properties of hybrid composites were irregular. Only when the hybrid ratio was 5:5, the mechanical properties of hybrid composites were relatively good. Compared with pure poly (lactic acid) and single fiber reinforced composites with the same fiber content, the tensile properties of hybrid composites have little change at 5:5, while the other properties, especially the impact properties, are greatly improved. The hybrid enhancement effect is achieved. In addition, the influence of hybrid ratio on thermal properties of hybrid composites is small. When sisal fiber and coconut shell fiber were mixed, the mechanical properties of hybrid composites showed a more obvious change trend. When the hybrid ratio was 7:3, the hybrid composites showed better mechanical properties. Compared with pure PLA and PLA/ASF with the same fiber content, the tensile strength of hybrid composites decreased slightly, but the tensile strength of hybrid composites was higher than that of PLA / ACF, while the flexural and impact strength of the hybrid composites were improved greatly. All of them were higher than those of pure PLA and PLA/ASF / PA / ACF with the same fiber content, except tensile modulus, the mechanical properties showed positive hybrid effect. In addition, when the hybrid ratio is 7:3, the crystallinity and crystallinity of the hybrid composites are the highest, which are consistent with the mechanical properties, while the influence of the hybrid ratio on the thermal stability of the hybrid composites is relatively small.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB332

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本文編號(hào)：1989609