本文選題：三維立體機(jī)織物 + 表面改性��； 參考：《西安工程大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：芳綸纖維、高強(qiáng)聚乙烯纖維都屬于高性能纖維,目前采用兩種纖維原料來織造三維立體織物,與剪切增稠液(STF)復(fù)合制備抗沖擊復(fù)合材料的研究還很少。本課題以芳綸、高強(qiáng)聚乙烯兩種高性能纖維作為原料,開發(fā)了雙層間隔、三層間隔及三角形截面中空三種結(jié)構(gòu)的立體織物,并對織物表面進(jìn)行硅烷偶聯(lián)劑改性處理后,最后與剪切增稠液(STF)進(jìn)行復(fù)合,形成了芳綸-高強(qiáng)聚乙烯抗沖擊復(fù)合材料。選用1670dtex的芳綸及高強(qiáng)聚乙烯纖維,單層經(jīng)向緊度為33%,緯向緊度為25%,英制筘號為20,在實驗室前后兩臺小樣織機(jī),成功織造了雙層間隔織物、三層間隔織物及三角形截面中空織物三種不同結(jié)構(gòu)的織物。采用硅烷偶聯(lián)劑對芳綸纖維、高強(qiáng)聚乙烯纖維表面進(jìn)行了改性,通過單因素分析法,得到兩種纖維處理的最佳方案,即硅烷偶聯(lián)劑的濃度為5%,處理溫度為62.5℃,處理時間為5h。利用最佳方案對芳綸和高強(qiáng)聚乙烯纖維進(jìn)行處理,通過掃描電鏡和纖維接觸角測量儀對比兩種纖維改性前后表面結(jié)構(gòu)及浸潤性的變化,結(jié)果表明:芳綸纖維經(jīng)處理后,纖維表面縱向上出現(xiàn)一些刻痕且表面粘附一些物質(zhì);而高強(qiáng)聚乙烯纖維經(jīng)處理后,其表面的凹槽更多、更深且更加規(guī)則整齊,同時又存在明顯的縱向刻痕,兩者表面的纖維粗糙度都有所增加,且其浸潤性都有不同程度的提高。以納米Si O2粒子作為分散相,聚乙二醇400(PEG400)作為分散介質(zhì),通過機(jī)械攪拌、超聲分散和機(jī)械振蕩共同作用配置了9%、12%、15%、17%、20%五種不同濃度的剪切增稠液(STF),研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不同分散相粒子濃度、不同分子量的分散介質(zhì)及溫度的變化對分散體系流變性能均有不同程度的影響,并制得剪切增稠效果良好的STF體系。采用萬能材料試驗機(jī)對未經(jīng)過STF處理的織物與STF柔性復(fù)合材料的拉伸性能進(jìn)行了測試與分析,得到以下結(jié)論:對于雙層間隔結(jié)構(gòu)來說,經(jīng)STF處理的織物比未經(jīng)STF處理的織物經(jīng)向平均抗拉強(qiáng)度增加了82.254MPa,緯向平均抗拉強(qiáng)度增加了106.064MPa;對于三層間隔結(jié)構(gòu)來說,經(jīng)STF處理的織物比未經(jīng)STF處理的織物經(jīng)向平均抗拉強(qiáng)度增加了92.322MPa,緯向平均抗拉強(qiáng)度增加了74.352MPa;對于三角形截面中空結(jié)構(gòu)來說,經(jīng)STF處理的織物比未經(jīng)STF處理的織物經(jīng)向平均抗拉強(qiáng)度增加了61.064MPa,緯向平均抗拉強(qiáng)度增加了41.174MPa;同時自制落錘沖擊實驗裝置對未經(jīng)STF處理的三種不同結(jié)構(gòu)織物及經(jīng)STF處理后的柔性復(fù)合材料動態(tài)防刺沖擊性能進(jìn)行了測試與分析,實驗結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)過STF處理后的織物比未經(jīng)STF處理的織物的抗低速沖擊能力好,主要是當(dāng)帶有尖的重錘落到織物表面后,剪切增稠液發(fā)生剪切增稠現(xiàn)象,使得纖維束間及纖維絲間的摩擦力增加,從而提高了其動態(tài)防刺沖擊性能。
[Abstract]:Aramid fiber and high strength polyethylene fiber are all high performance fibers. At present, there are few researches on the preparation of impact resistant composites by using two kinds of fiber raw materials to weave three-dimensional fabrics and composite with shear thickening liquid (STF). In this paper, two kinds of high performance fibers, aramid fiber and high strength polyethylene fiber, were used as raw materials to develop three dimensional fabrics with double spacer, three layers and triangle cross-section hollow, and then modified by silane coupling agent on the surface of the fabric. Finally, aramid-high-strength polyethylene impact-resistant composite was formed by blending with shear thickening liquid (STF). The aramid and high strength polyethylene fibers of 1670dtex are selected. The single layer warp tightness is 33, the weft tightness is 25 and the inch Reed is 20. The double-layer spacer fabric has been successfully woven in two small looms before and after the laboratory. Three-layer spacer fabric and triangle cross-section hollow fabric three kinds of fabric of different structure. The surface of aramid fiber and high strength polyethylene fiber were modified by silane coupling agent. Through single factor analysis, the optimum treatment schemes of two kinds of fibers were obtained, namely, the concentration of silane coupling agent was 5 and the treatment temperature was 62.5 鈩，

本文編號：1987660