本文選題：多孔相變材料 + 地聚物發(fā)泡材料��； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟和社會的快速發(fā)展,我國能源供需嚴(yán)重失衡,而目前解決能源問題最有效的方法就是節(jié)能減排。建筑能耗作為能源消耗的重要部分,降低建筑能耗,發(fā)展節(jié)能建筑已經(jīng)成為必然趨勢。根據(jù)傳熱學(xué)原理,建筑墻體材料的熱工性能對降低建筑能耗,提高能源利用率有很大的影響。為了改善傳統(tǒng)墻體材料的熱工性能,提高輕質(zhì)墻體材料的熱惰性,開發(fā)出一種保溫隔熱性能好,熱惰性高且兼具調(diào)溫調(diào)濕性能的新型墻體材料,本文開展了以下研究。首先,將膨脹珍珠巖和三元醇酸低共熔物分別作為多孔載體材料和相變材料,用真空吸附法制備多孔相變材料。用步冷曲線法和干燥器法對多孔相變材料的熱濕性能進行測試,選擇最佳試樣。用掃描電鏡(SEM)、傅立葉變換紅外光譜儀(FT-IR)、差示掃描量熱儀(DSC)對優(yōu)選試樣的微觀形貌、成分結(jié)構(gòu)、相變溫度及潛熱、熱循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性進行測試。結(jié)果表明,多孔相變材料具有良好的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性,合適的相變溫度、潛熱,較好的熱循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性和吸放濕性能。其次,以多孔相變材料為調(diào)溫元,以地聚物發(fā)泡材料為無機基體,通過正交設(shè)計,研究了發(fā)泡劑、多孔相變材料、養(yǎng)護溫度、養(yǎng)護時間等因素對輕質(zhì)多孔地聚物基相變調(diào)濕材料物理性能和熱濕性能的影響,同時采用功效系數(shù)法對其性能進行優(yōu)選。用DSC、FT-IR、SEM、壓汞儀(MIP)、熱重儀(TG)、導(dǎo)熱儀對優(yōu)選試樣的相變溫度及潛熱、成分結(jié)構(gòu)、微觀形貌、孔結(jié)構(gòu)、熱穩(wěn)定性和保溫性能進行測試。結(jié)果表明,多孔相變材料的摻入能有效改善地聚物發(fā)泡材料調(diào)溫調(diào)濕性能,熱穩(wěn)定性以及保溫性能。最后,以輕質(zhì)多孔地聚物基相變調(diào)濕材料和地聚物發(fā)泡材料作墻體材料,制作小尺寸房間模型。用儀器實時記錄模型房室內(nèi)空氣的溫濕度和墻體內(nèi)表面溫濕度,比較研究多孔相變材料摻入對地聚物發(fā)泡材料的熱惰性的影響及輕質(zhì)多孔地聚物基相變調(diào)濕材料調(diào)溫調(diào)濕的應(yīng)用效果。結(jié)果表明,多孔相變材料的摻入,能夠提高地聚物發(fā)泡材料的熱惰性;同時輕質(zhì)多孔地聚物基相變調(diào)濕材料對于調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)空氣溫濕度有很好的應(yīng)用效果,特別是密閉工況下。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, the energy supply and demand of our country is out of balance, and the most effective way to solve the energy problem is energy saving and emission reduction. Building energy consumption as an important part of energy consumption, reducing building energy consumption, the development of energy-saving buildings has become an inevitable trend. According to the principle of heat transfer, the thermal performance of building wall material has a great influence on reducing building energy consumption and improving energy efficiency. In order to improve the thermal properties of traditional wall materials and improve the thermal inertia of light wall materials, a new type of wall materials with good thermal insulation, high thermal inertia and both temperature-regulating and humidifying properties has been developed in this paper. Firstly expanded perlite and ternary eutectic alkyd were used as porous carrier and phase change material respectively and porous phase change materials were prepared by vacuum adsorption method. The thermal and moisture properties of porous phase change materials were measured by step cooling curve method and desiccator method, and the best samples were selected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSCS) were used to test the microstructure, composition, phase transition temperature, latent heat and thermal cycling stability of the selected samples. The results show that porous phase change materials have good chemical stability, suitable phase transition temperature, latent heat, good thermal cycling stability and moisture absorption and desorption properties. Secondly, using porous phase change material as temperature regulating element and polymer foaming material as inorganic matrix, the foaming agent, porous phase change material and curing temperature were studied by orthogonal design. The effect of curing time on the physical and thermal properties of light porous polymer based phase change humidifying materials was studied. The efficiency coefficient method was used to optimize the properties of the materials. The phase transition temperature, latent heat, microstructure, micromorphology, pore structure, thermal stability and thermal insulation properties of the selected samples were measured by DSCFT-IR SEM, MIPU, TGG, TGX and TGX, respectively, and the micromorphology, pore structure, thermal stability and thermal insulation properties of the selected samples were tested by DSCFT-IRSEM, thermogravimetry and thermogravimetry. The results show that the addition of porous phase change materials can effectively improve the temperature-and humidification, thermal stability and thermal insulation of polymer foaming materials. Finally, the light porous polymer based phase change humidifying material and polymer foaming material were used as wall materials to make a small room model. The indoor air temperature and humidity of the model room and the temperature and humidity of the inner surface of the wall were recorded in real time with the instrument. The effect of porous phase change material on thermal inertia of polymer foaming material and the application effect of light porous polymer based phase change humidification material were studied. The results show that the incorporation of porous phase change materials can improve the thermal inertia of polymer foaming materials, and the light porous polymer based phase change and humidification materials have good application effect in regulating indoor air temperature and humidity, especially in closed conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB34

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