本文選題：NBR-PVC橡塑材料 + 鎢粉�。� 參考：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：安靜舒適的環(huán)境是人類生存的基本需求,但隨著現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展,噪聲污染越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。傳統(tǒng)的隔聲器件多為無(wú)機(jī)或金屬材料,這些材料通常很笨重,限制了其使用范圍。高分子材料具有質(zhì)輕和加工性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),近年來(lái)在降噪領(lǐng)域備受關(guān)注。由于純高分子材料的隔聲效果通常很難滿足實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求,因此研究輕便且具有高隔聲性能的高分子材料成為降噪領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。無(wú)機(jī)填料由于具有小尺寸效應(yīng)以及較大的阻抗差異,常用作高分子材料的改性填料。高分子材料與無(wú)機(jī)填料復(fù)合,可以近一步提高其隔聲效果。本課題以橡塑復(fù)合材料為基體,通過(guò)添加鎢粉(W)和氧化石墨烯(GO),研究這兩種無(wú)機(jī)填料對(duì)橡塑復(fù)合材料隔聲性能的影響;并將改性橡塑復(fù)合材料與石膏板進(jìn)行層合,研究芯層對(duì)復(fù)合石膏板隔聲性能的影響,以期篩選出輕質(zhì)、隔聲性能好的復(fù)合石膏板,為制備輕質(zhì)高隔聲性能的材料提供參考。首先,以丁腈橡膠(NBR)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)為主要原料,制備不同橡塑比的NBR-PVC橡塑復(fù)合材料。利用阻抗管對(duì)各試樣的隔聲性能進(jìn)行測(cè)試與分析,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)橡塑比為70:30時(shí),NBR-PVC具有較好的隔聲性能。其次,以橡塑比為70:30的NBR-PVC為基體,分別選用鎢粉(W)和氧化石墨烯(GO)為改性填料,制備無(wú)機(jī)填料改性實(shí)心復(fù)合材料,研究W和GO對(duì)NBR-PVC隔聲性能的影響。結(jié)果表明:與W改性相比,GO改性對(duì)NBR-PVC實(shí)心復(fù)合材料隔聲性能的提高效果更優(yōu),添加GO能制備出輕質(zhì)高隔聲性能的復(fù)合材料。再次,通過(guò)對(duì)上述無(wú)機(jī)改性復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行模壓發(fā)泡處理,并對(duì)其隔聲性能進(jìn)行研究發(fā)現(xiàn),W對(duì)NBR-PVC微發(fā)泡材料隔聲性能的提高效果優(yōu)于GO改性的材料;添加W的含量為30 wt%的微發(fā)泡材料復(fù)合材料,與沒(méi)有無(wú)機(jī)填料改性的NBR-PVC微發(fā)泡材料相比,隔聲指數(shù)提高量達(dá)7.2 dB。最后,將各種橡塑復(fù)合材料與石膏板層合,研究不同芯層時(shí)復(fù)合石膏板的隔聲性能,結(jié)果表明:微發(fā)泡材料為芯層時(shí)復(fù)合石膏板的隔聲效果較實(shí)心材料為芯層好;并且當(dāng)W/NBR-PVC微發(fā)泡材料為芯層時(shí)復(fù)合石膏板的隔聲性能較好。
[Abstract]:Quiet and comfortable environment is the basic requirement of human existence, but with the rapid development of modern industry, noise pollution is becoming more and more serious. Traditional acoustic insulation devices are inorganic or metallic materials, which are usually heavy, limiting their use. Polymer materials with the advantages of light weight and good processability have attracted much attention in the field of noise reduction in recent years. Because the sound insulation effect of pure polymer materials is usually difficult to meet the practical application needs, the research on lightweight and high sound insulation polymer materials has become a research hotspot in the field of noise reduction. Inorganic fillers are often used as modified fillers for their small size effects and large impedance differences. The composite of polymer material and inorganic filler can further improve the sound insulation effect. In this paper, the effects of the two inorganic fillers on the sound insulation properties of the rubber / plastic composites were studied by adding tungsten powder (W) and graphene oxide to the matrix, and the modified rubber / plastic composites were laminated with plasterboard. The effect of core layer on sound insulation of composite gypsum board was studied in order to screen out light and good sound insulation composite plasterboard and provide reference for the preparation of light weight and high sound insulation material. Firstly, NBR-PVC rubber composites with different rubber / plastic ratios were prepared by using NBR and PVC as the main raw materials. The sound insulation properties of each sample were measured and analyzed by impedance tube. The results show that NBR-PVC has better sound insulation when the ratio of rubber to plastic is 70:30. Secondly, the solid composites modified by inorganic fillers were prepared by using NBR-PVC with a rubber / plastic ratio of 70:30 and tungsten powder (W) and graphene oxide (GOO) as modified fillers, respectively. The effects of W and go on the sound insulation properties of NBR-PVC were studied. The results showed that the sound insulation properties of NBR-PVC solid composites were improved better than that of W modification, and the composite with light weight and high sound insulation could be prepared by adding go. Thirdly, through the moulding and foaming treatment of the inorganic modified composite, and the study of its sound insulation performance, it is found that the improvement of sound insulation of NBR-PVC microfoamed material is better than that of go modified material. Compared with the NBR-PVC microfoamed material without inorganic filler, the sound insulation index of the microfoamed material with 30 wt% W content increased by 7.2 dB. Finally, all kinds of rubber and plastic composites were laminated with gypsum board to study the sound insulation performance of the composite plasterboard with different core layers. The results showed that the sound insulation effect of the composite plasterboard was better than that of solid material when the microfoamed material was the core layer. And when the W/NBR-PVC microfoamed material is the core layer, the sound insulation property of the composite gypsum board is better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB332

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 席歐;曾亞梅;沈毅;魏顯威;王彥琴;袁e鸰，

本文編號(hào)：1936411