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  本文選題：玻璃纖維復合材料 + FBG��； 參考：《東華大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：復合材料因其優(yōu)異的性能在航空航天、海軍艦艇、民用基礎設施制造上得到了廣泛的應用。為了保證使用安全，需要對這些結構進行長期的在線監(jiān)測，分析結構在外界載荷和損傷，特別是沖擊損傷情況下的即時應變響應。光柵傳感器以其優(yōu)良的應變和溫度傳感性能被大量應用于纖維增強復合材料構件的結構監(jiān)測中。 布拉格光纖光柵傳感器（FBG）結構簡單、質(zhì)輕、徑細、高靈敏度、不產(chǎn)生磁場干擾，正逐漸成為材料內(nèi)部結構監(jiān)測的主要手段。將布拉格光纖光柵集成在復合材料結構件中，對結構的損傷、疲勞、沖擊等情況進行實時監(jiān)測，及時發(fā)現(xiàn)結構中的損傷，維修或替換損壞結構件,對保證結構安全具有十分重要的意義。 本文首先探討了光柵傳感器的溫度和應變傳感機理，，測定了光柵的溫度和應變靈敏系數(shù)。采用真空輔助成型工藝（VARI）制作了玻璃纖維增強層合板，測定結果表明光柵對于溫度和應變有準確的傳感性，光柵波長信號在高溫時也有很好的穩(wěn)定性。 其次，利用光柵對層合板的固化過程進行了監(jiān)測，并分析了不同鋪層順序?qū)雍习鍤堄鄳Φ挠绊�。監(jiān)測結果表明，光柵可以準確監(jiān)測到層合板固化的四個階段，從波長變化曲線可以得到凝膠時間，波長差值反應固化前后的殘余應力，0°鋪層多的層合板殘余應力偏小，為改善固化工藝提供參考。 為了使用FBG研究層合板在低速沖擊作用下的破壞情況，文中分析了層合板在沖擊作用下的破壞機理。通過對層合板進行2J能量的反復沖擊及5J,10J,15J和20J的單次沖擊監(jiān)測，分析了光柵在層合板厚度方向不同位置的應變響應情況及波長偏移量與沖擊能量之間的關系，結合目視檢測和超聲C掃檢測結果表明，光柵可以有效監(jiān)測到低速沖擊下層合板內(nèi)部的應變響應，波長差值可以反映層合板內(nèi)部損傷的大小。 最后，本文通過準靜態(tài)壓縮實驗測定了光柵在靜態(tài)壓縮下的波長響應，結果表明層合板在準靜態(tài)壓縮下的波長變化趨勢與沖擊變化趨勢相似。 本論文利用光柵對復合材料的成型過程及低速沖擊損傷機理進行了研究和分析，為改善復合材料成型工藝提高復合材料性能提供了依據(jù)，也為利用光柵監(jiān)測復合材料結構件的健康狀態(tài)提供了理論基礎。
[Abstract]:Composite materials have been widely used in aerospace, naval vessels and civil infrastructure because of their excellent properties. In order to ensure the safety of the structures, it is necessary to carry out long-term on-line monitoring to analyze the immediate strain response of the structures under external loads and damage, especially in the case of impact damage. Grating sensors are widely used in the structural monitoring of fiber reinforced composite components due to their excellent strain and temperature sensing properties. Fiber Bragg grating sensors (FBGs) have simple structure, light weight, fine diameter, high sensitivity and no magnetic field interference. FBGs are gradually becoming the main means of material internal structure monitoring. The fiber Bragg grating is integrated into the composite structure to monitor the damage, fatigue and impact of the structure in real time to detect the damage, repair or replace the damaged structure in time. It is of great significance to ensure structural safety. In this paper, the temperature and strain sensing mechanism of the grating sensor is discussed, and the temperature and strain sensitivity coefficient of the grating is measured. Glass fiber reinforced laminates were fabricated by vacuum assisted molding process (VARI). The measurement results show that the grating has an accurate sensitivity to temperature and strain, and the grating wavelength signal has good stability at high temperature. Secondly, the solidification process of laminates is monitored by grating, and the influence of different layering order on the residual stress of laminated plates is analyzed. The monitoring results show that the grating can accurately detect the four stages of laminate solidification, the gelation time can be obtained from the wavelength variation curve, and the residual stress of the laminated plate with more than 0 擄layering before and after curing by wavelength difference reaction is small. It provides reference for improving curing process. In order to study the failure of laminated plates under low speed impact by using FBG, the failure mechanism of laminated plates under impact is analyzed in this paper. By repeated impact of 2J energy and single impact monitoring of 5J / 10J / 15J and 20J, the strain response of the grating at different positions of the laminated plate thickness and the relationship between the wavelength offset and the impact energy are analyzed. The results of visual inspection and ultrasonic C-scan show that the grating can effectively detect the strain response of the lower laminates with low speed impact, and the wavelength difference can reflect the internal damage of the laminated plates. Finally, the wavelength response of grating under static compression is measured by quasi-static compression experiment. The results show that the wavelength variation trend of laminated plate under quasi-static compression is similar to that of impact. In this paper, the molding process and low speed impact damage mechanism of composites are studied and analyzed by grating, which provides a basis for improving the properties of composites. It also provides a theoretical basis for using gratings to monitor the health state of composite structures.
【學位授予單位】：東華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TS102.42;TB33

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