本文選題：高密度聚乙烯 + 熱塑性彈性體�。� 參考：《青島科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文使用不同方法改性制得的高性能蒙脫土(MMD對高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)進(jìn)行改性,采用雙螺桿熔融擠出方法制備了高密度聚乙烯納米復(fù)合材料,在得到高強(qiáng)度納米復(fù)合材料的同時為彌補(bǔ)韌性的損失,加入了新型熱塑性聚烯烴彈性體(POE)對其增韌改性,最后選用熱塑性彈性體接枝馬來酸酐(POE-g-MAH)作為相容劑增強(qiáng)無機(jī)納米填料與聚合物之間的作用,獲得高性能高密度乙烯納米復(fù)合材料。采用力學(xué)性能測試儀、氧指數(shù)測定儀、DSC、TGA、SEM、TEM、XRD等對力學(xué)性能、阻燃性能、結(jié)晶性能、熱穩(wěn)定性、內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)、納米蒙脫土層間距等方面性能進(jìn)行測定分析,以結(jié)構(gòu)決定性能為方向,制備高性能材料。HDPE/MMT復(fù)合材料測試結(jié)果表明：蒙脫土添加質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為5phr時,納米復(fù)合材料拉伸強(qiáng)度和彎曲強(qiáng)度最高且B.OMMT復(fù)合材料性能優(yōu)于A.OMMT復(fù)合材料,但是沖擊強(qiáng)度隨著蒙脫土添加分?jǐn)?shù)增多而降低,且降低趨勢很大。兩種MMT對納米復(fù)合材料均有一定的阻燃效果,隨著添加分?jǐn)?shù)的增加,氧指數(shù)隨之上升,B.OMMT的上升趨勢快于A.OMMT。同時B.OMMT是良好的成碳劑,復(fù)合材料燃燒后不滑落,燃燒形態(tài)較好,阻燃效果優(yōu)于A.OMMT。XRD測試表明兩種MMT層間距增大,B.OMMT層間距明顯大于A.OMMT, B.OMMT中有部分峰消失形成了部分剝離結(jié)構(gòu)。描電鏡分析表明,B.OMMT (5phr)復(fù)合材料相界面相對模糊,當(dāng)添加量繼續(xù)增大時,大量蒙脫土發(fā)生團(tuán)聚。DSC測試表明兩種蒙脫土降低了復(fù)合材料的結(jié)晶度,B.OMMT的影響相對較小,同時添加量對復(fù)合材料的熔點基本無影響。TG測試表明,蒙脫土增強(qiáng)了復(fù)合材料的耐熱性,B.OMMT效果優(yōu)于A.OMMT。通過TEM測試分析發(fā)現(xiàn),納米復(fù)合材料形成插層結(jié)構(gòu),部分形成剝離結(jié)構(gòu)。HDPE/POE體系結(jié)果表明：POE用量增大,體系拉伸強(qiáng)度、彎曲強(qiáng)度逐漸降低,沖擊強(qiáng)度增大,斷裂伸長率增大,綜合各因素影響,選擇最佳質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為10phr。HDPE/POE/OMMT體系中,OMMT用量增大,體系拉伸強(qiáng)度升高,沖擊強(qiáng)度先增大后減小,選擇最佳添加質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為5phr; DSC測試結(jié)果表明,MMT降低體系的結(jié)晶度,對體系的熔點基本沒有影響；TGA測試表明,蒙脫土的加入可以提高復(fù)合材料的熱穩(wěn)定性。SEM測試分析表明,OMMT質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為5phr時,OMMT的團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象不明顯,在體系中的分散效果較好。TEM測試分析表明,OMMT(5phr)在體系中的分散較好,體系中出現(xiàn)插層架構(gòu)。HDPE/MMT/POE-g-MAH體系結(jié)果表明：擠出工藝(剪切溫度、主機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速)對體系性能有一定影響,剪切溫度方面：剪切溫度升高,拉伸強(qiáng)度、彎曲強(qiáng)度、沖擊強(qiáng)度均減小,因而最佳溫度選擇185℃；轉(zhuǎn)速方面：主機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速提高,材料的力學(xué)性能整體下降,最佳轉(zhuǎn)速為80rpm。固定POE-g-MAH用量不變,MMT用量增大,體系拉伸強(qiáng)度升高,沖擊強(qiáng)度先增大后減小,選擇MMT最佳用量為5份。固定MMT用量,POE-g-MAH的用量增大,體系的拉伸強(qiáng)度先增加后減小,沖擊強(qiáng)度一直增大,彎曲強(qiáng)度減小,斷裂伸長率增大,綜合結(jié)果分析得出最佳添加質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為10份。根據(jù)熱重分析測試表明,蒙脫土熱分解溫度整體提高,體系的耐熱性提高,根據(jù)DSC分析測試表明,蒙脫土的加入,降低了體系的結(jié)晶性能,對體系的熔點基本沒有影響。通過SEM測試分析表明,POE-g-MAH加入到體系后,兩相之間的相界面模糊,相容性變好。通過TEM測試分析表明,POE-g-MAH加入到體系后,蒙脫土在體系中分布均勻,片層發(fā)生扭曲變形,有單片層出現(xiàn)說明體系出現(xiàn)了剝離結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the high density polyethylene (HDPE) modified by MMD was modified by different methods. The high density polyethylene nanocomposites were prepared by the twin screw melt extrusion method. The new thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (POE) was added to the high strength nanocomposites to compensate for the toughness loss. Toughened and modified, the thermoplastic elastomer grafted maleic anhydride (POE-g-MAH) was used as a compatibilizer to enhance the role of inorganic nano filler and polymer, and high performance and high density ethylene nanocomposites were obtained. Mechanical properties, DSC, TGA, SEM, TEM, XRD, etc. were used for mechanical properties, flame retardancy and crystallization. Properties, thermal stability, internal structure, and nanoscale interlayer spacing are measured and analyzed. The structure determines the performance direction. The test results of high performance material.HDPE/MMT composites show that the tensile strength and bending strength of the nanocomposites are the highest and the B.OMMT composite material is 5phr when the montmorillonite is added to the mass fraction. It can be better than A.OMMT composite, but the impact strength decreases with the increase of the addition fraction of montmorillonite, and the decrease trend is great. Two kinds of MMT have a certain flame retardant effect on nanocomposites. With the increase of addition fraction, the oxygen index rises, the rising trend of B.OMMT is faster than A.OMMT. and B.OMMT is a good carbon forming agent. After burning, the combustion shape is better and the flame retardant effect is better than A.OMMT.XRD test, which shows that the spacing of two kinds of MMT layers increases, the spacing of B.OMMT layer is obviously greater than A.OMMT, and some peaks in B.OMMT disappear to form part of the peeling structure. The.DSC test showed that two kinds of montmorillonite decreased the crystallinity of the composite. The effect of B.OMMT was relatively small, and the addition amount had no effect on the melting point of the composite. The.TG test showed that the montmorillonite enhanced the heat resistance of the composite. The effect of B.OMMT was better than that of A.OMMT. by TEM test analysis. The result of.HDPE/POE system with intercalation structure and partial formation of peeling structure shows that the amount of POE increases, the tensile strength of the system, the bending strength decrease gradually, the impact strength increases, the elongation at break increases, and the optimum mass fraction is influenced by various factors, and the amount of OMMT is increased, the tensile strength of the system is increased, and the impact of the system is increased. The strength first increases and then decreases, and the optimum addition mass fraction is 5phr. The results of DSC test show that the crystallinity of the system has no effect on the melting point of the system. The TGA test shows that the addition of montmorillonite can improve the thermal stability of the composite material by.SEM test and analysis. When the mass fraction of OMMT is 5phr, the aggregation phenomenon of OMMT is not. It is obvious that the dispersion effect in the system is better.TEM test analysis shows that the dispersion of OMMT (5phr) in the system is better. The result of the intercalation structure.HDPE/MMT/POE-g-MAH system in the system shows that the extrusion process (shear temperature, main engine speed) has a certain influence on the system performance, shear temperature, the shear temperature, tensile strength, bending. Strength and impact strength decreased, so the optimum temperature was chosen at 185. As the speed of the engine increased, the mechanical properties of the material decreased, the optimum speed was 80rpm. fixed POE-g-MAH, the amount of MMT increased, the tensile strength of the system increased, the impact strength increased first and then decreased, and the optimum amount of MMT was selected as the fixed MMT dosage, POE. When the amount of -g-MAH increased, the tensile strength of the system increased first and then decreased, the impact strength increased, the bending strength decreased and the elongation at break increased. According to the comprehensive results, the optimum addition mass fraction was 10 copies. According to the thermogravimetric analysis, the thermal decomposition temperature of the montmorillonite was improved, the heat resistance of the system was improved, and the test was based on the DSC analysis. The results show that the addition of montmorillonite reduces the crystallization of the system and has no effect on the melting point of the system. The SEM test analysis shows that the phase interface between the two phases is blurred and the compatibility becomes better after the addition of POE-g-MAH to the system. The TEM test analysis shows that the montmorillonite is distributed evenly in the system and the lamellar occurs after the POE-g-MAH is added to the system. There is a single layer of distortion, indicating that there is a peeling structure.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ325.12;TB33

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1866227