本文選題：聚酰亞胺 + 功能化氧化石墨烯��； 參考：《東華理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：聚酰亞胺(PI)材料由于具有突出的耐高溫性、高絕緣性和優(yōu)異的力學(xué)性能等綜合性能,在耐高溫塑料、集成電路、氣體分離膜、航空等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的用途。但是純聚酰亞胺材料的單一性能已不能滿足人們對(duì)材料的要求。通過(guò)在聚酰亞胺基體中加入改性填料,使之有效納米復(fù)合,可提高復(fù)合材料的熱性能、機(jī)械性能和導(dǎo)電性能。石墨烯是常用的納米增強(qiáng)填料之一,但由于它強(qiáng)的層間作用力使其容易在基體中產(chǎn)生堆積。氧化石墨烯(GO)表面共價(jià)鍵連接著大量含氧基團(tuán),為GO的表面功能化提供了大量的反應(yīng)位點(diǎn)。因此,可以通過(guò)共價(jià)鍵功能化對(duì)其進(jìn)行表面改性,從而使GO與基體材料之間產(chǎn)生良好的相容性。GO與聚合物基體之間的均勻分散及強(qiáng)的界面相互作用力是獲得高性能聚酰亞胺材料的關(guān)鍵。本論文通過(guò)原位聚合和熱亞胺化,制備出一系列功能化石墨烯/聚酰亞胺復(fù)合材料,并對(duì)填料的形貌與結(jié)構(gòu),聚酰亞胺材料的性能進(jìn)行了表征,本文主要開(kāi)展了三個(gè)方面的工作:(1)首先利用環(huán)己基異氰酸酯(CI)對(duì)GO進(jìn)行改性,得到功能化氧化石墨烯(FGO)納米片,該納米材料在基體中表現(xiàn)出良好的分散效果。FGO的加入顯著影響了PI復(fù)合材料的宏觀性能。加入2.0 wt%的FGO填料,復(fù)合材料的拉伸強(qiáng)度和拉伸模量分別增加了56.5%和43.8%。此外,由于FGO的加入,PI納米復(fù)合材料的熱穩(wěn)定性和疏水性有了顯著的提高。(2)通過(guò)在基體中摻雜十八烷基胺(ODA)功能化的氧化石墨烯(ODA-f GO)納米片狀材料來(lái)制備一系列聚酰亞胺復(fù)合材料(PI/ODA-f GO)。由于ODA-f GO納米片的均勻分散以及與聚酰亞胺基體間強(qiáng)的相互作用,所制備的PI/ODA-f GO的機(jī)械性能、導(dǎo)電性能和熱傳導(dǎo)性能得到了顯著提高。與純聚酰亞胺相比,摻雜3 wt%的ODA-f GO的復(fù)合材料的拉伸強(qiáng)度增加了30.58 MPa,拉伸模量提高了1.54 GPa,導(dǎo)電率和熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)分別提高了1011倍和3倍。(3)采用對(duì)苯二胺對(duì)GO表面進(jìn)行共價(jià)鍵功能化,得到氨基功能化氧化石墨烯(GO-NH_2),GO表面性質(zhì)的改變使其在基體中能夠均勻分散。改性后的GO-NH_2中的氨基與PAA基體之間通過(guò)共價(jià)鍵結(jié)合產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)的界面相互作用,顯著增強(qiáng)了復(fù)合材料(PI/GO-NH_2)的機(jī)械性能、耐熱性能和疏水性能。PI/3%GO-NH_2納米復(fù)合材料的拉伸模量和拉伸強(qiáng)度比PI分別提高了63%和54.5%,接觸角增大了20°,耐熱性能也明顯增強(qiáng)。而且,PI/3%GO-NH_2復(fù)合材料比PI/3%GO表現(xiàn)出更好的綜合性質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:Polyimide (Pi) materials have been widely used in high temperature resistant plastics, integrated circuits, gas separation membranes, aviation and other fields because of their outstanding high temperature resistance, high insulation and excellent mechanical properties. However, the single properties of pure polyimide materials can not meet the requirements of materials. The thermal, mechanical and conductive properties of the composites can be improved by adding the modified fillers to the polyimide matrix and making them effectively nanocomposite. Graphene is one of the commonly used nano-reinforced fillers, but it is easy to pile up in the matrix because of its strong interlaminar force. The surface covalent bond of graphene oxide (GOO) is connected with a large number of oxygen-containing groups, which provides a large number of reaction sites for the surface functionalization of go. Therefore, the surface can be modified by covalent bond functionalization. Thus, it is the key to obtain high performance polyimide material that good compatibility between go and matrix can be produced. The uniform dispersion between go and polymer matrix and the strong interfacial interaction force are the key to obtain high performance polyimide material. In this paper, a series of functionalized graphene / polyimide composites were prepared by in-situ polymerization and thermal imidization. The morphology and structure of the filler and the properties of the polyimide were characterized. Firstly, go was modified by cyclohexyl isocyanate (CII) to obtain functionalized graphene oxide FGONs. The nano-materials showed good dispersion effect in the matrix. The addition of FGO significantly affected the macroscopic properties of Pi composites. The tensile strength and tensile modulus of the composites increased by 56.5% and 43.8% respectively by adding 2.0 wt% FGO filler. In addition, Because the thermal stability and hydrophobicity of FGO / Pi nanocomposites have been greatly improved, a series of polyimide composites (PI- / ODA-f) have been prepared by doping the functional graphene oxide (ODA-f GOA) nanoparticles into the matrix. Due to the homogeneous dispersion of ODA-f go nanoparticles and the strong interaction with polyimide matrix, the mechanical properties, conductivity and thermal conductivity of the prepared PI/ODA-f go films were improved significantly. Compared with pure polyimide, The tensile strength of the composites doped with 3 wt% ODA-f go was increased by 30.58 MPA, the tensile modulus was increased by 1.54 GPA, and the conductivity and thermal conductivity of the composites were increased by 1011 and 3 times, respectively. Amino-functionalized graphene oxide (GO-NH _ 2O _ 2) was obtained by changing the surface properties of GO-NH _ 2H _ 2O _ 3 so that it could be dispersed uniformly in the matrix. The strong interfacial interaction between the amino groups in the modified GO-NH_2 and the PAA matrix is produced by covalent bonding, which significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the composite PI- / GO-NH2. The tensile modulus and tensile strength of GO-NH2 nanocomposites were increased by 63% and 54.5%, respectively, and the contact angle was increased by 20 擄. Moreover, PI- / 3- GO-NH2 composite shows better comprehensive properties than PI/3%GO.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TB332

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