本文選題：碳納米管 + 場發(fā)射��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：碳納米管是一維空心管狀的碳納米材料,長徑比大,功函數(shù)低,具有優(yōu)異的電學(xué)、熱學(xué)和力學(xué)性能,是很理想的場發(fā)射負(fù)極材料。本文研究了采用不同結(jié)構(gòu)的碳納米材料和不同結(jié)構(gòu)形式電極的場發(fā)射性能,主要包括以下三個方面：首先是碳納米管基于導(dǎo)電玻璃襯底的場發(fā)射性能,其次研究了不同襯底對碳納米管場發(fā)射性能的影響,第三是石墨烯等sp2雜化碳納米材料摻雜的碳納米管場發(fā)射性能。第一章緒論部分,主要介紹了碳納米材料家族的分類和結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),重點(diǎn)對碳納米管的結(jié)構(gòu)、性質(zhì)、應(yīng)用和常用的表征方法進(jìn)行闡述。然后介紹了場發(fā)射的理論知識以及碳納米管的場發(fā)射研究現(xiàn)狀。第二章研究了碳納米管基于玻璃襯底的場發(fā)射性能,特別是單壁碳納米管的制備及其場發(fā)射。用乙醇催化的化學(xué)氣相沉積法(chemical vapor deposition, CVD)制備單壁碳納米管,研究氫氣流量、催化劑和乙醇體積對單壁碳納米管生長的影響,并測試用不同氫氣流量和催化劑生長的碳納米管薄膜的場發(fā)射性能；用絲網(wǎng)印刷法比較電弧放電法制備單壁碳納米管和多壁碳納米管的場發(fā)射性能,比較其不同的結(jié)構(gòu)對場發(fā)射性能的影響。第三章主要研究了襯底對場發(fā)射性能的影響。比較了不同直徑和長度的碳納米管在泡沫鎳襯底上的場發(fā)射性能,發(fā)現(xiàn)直徑小長度短的碳納米管場發(fā)射性能更佳。討論了導(dǎo)電玻璃、鎳箔和泡沫鎳三種襯底基于絲網(wǎng)印刷法制備的碳納米管負(fù)極的場發(fā)射性能,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)泡沫鎳襯底對場發(fā)射性能有提高作用；最后建立了一個模型,對泡沫鎳襯底改善場發(fā)射性能的原因進(jìn)行了分析,其原因歸結(jié)為泡沫鎳的導(dǎo)電性和散熱性更好,多孔結(jié)構(gòu)有利于附著更多的碳納米管并且能與碳納米管構(gòu)成多級結(jié)構(gòu),有效提高場增強(qiáng)因子。第四章研究了sp2類型碳納米材料摻雜對碳納米管的場發(fā)射性能的影響。首先用液相法和直接混合法制備了兩種CNT/graphene復(fù)合材料,研究制備方法對場發(fā)射性能的影響,結(jié)果表明液相法制備的復(fù)合材料由于碳納米管與石墨烯構(gòu)成的導(dǎo)電網(wǎng)絡(luò)更牢固而具有更佳的場發(fā)射性能。然后還對碳納米管摻雜石墨烯的場發(fā)射性能的機(jī)理進(jìn)行了模型分析,原因主要?dú)w結(jié)為摻入石墨烯后都有利于的導(dǎo)電性的提高,特別是增強(qiáng)了碳納米管與襯底的接觸；減小了碳納米管負(fù)極薄膜的屏蔽效應(yīng)；三種材料與碳納米管構(gòu)成多級結(jié)構(gòu)提高了場增強(qiáng)因子。其次制備了三種比例的CNT/graphene,優(yōu)化參數(shù),研究石墨烯摻雜比例對場發(fā)射性能的影響。此外還制備了CNT/graphite和CNT/r-graO(reduced graphite oxide)兩種復(fù)合材料,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明這兩種材料摻雜也能提高碳納米管的場發(fā)射性能。第五章對本文的內(nèi)容做了簡單總結(jié),包括研究內(nèi)容和主要結(jié)論,然后對當(dāng)前工作做了展望,闡述了下一步可進(jìn)行的研究。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotubes are one dimensional hollow tubular carbon nanomaterials with large length to diameter ratio, low work function, excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. It is an ideal field emission negative material. In this paper, the field emission properties of carbon nanomaterials with different structures and different structural forms are studied in this paper, mainly including the following three aspects: first, Carbon nanotubes are based on the field emission properties of conductive glass substrates. Secondly, the effects of different substrates on the field emission properties of carbon nanotubes are studied. Third, the field emission properties of carbon nanotubes doped with graphene and other SP2 hybrid carbon nanomaterials. In Chapter 1, the classification and structure characteristics of carbon nanomaterials are mainly introduced, focusing on carbon. The structure, properties, applications and common characterization methods of nanotube are described. Then the theoretical knowledge of field emission and the current status of Field Emission Research on carbon nanotubes are introduced. The second chapter studies the field emission properties of carbon nanotubes based on glass substrates, especially the preparation and field emission of single walled carbon nanotubes. The chemical gas catalyzed by ethanol is used. Single wall carbon nanotube was prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The effect of hydrogen flow, catalyst and ethanol volume on the growth of single wall carbon nanotubes was studied. The field emission properties of carbon nanotube films with different hydrogen flow and catalyst growth were tested. The single wall carbon nanotube was prepared by wire mesh printing method to compare the single wall carbon nanotube with the wire mesh method. The field emission properties of tube and multi wall carbon nanotube are compared. The effect of different structures on field emission is compared. In the third chapter, the effect of substrate on field emission is mainly studied. The field emission performance of carbon nanotubes with different diameter and length on the foam nickel substrate is compared. It is found that the field emission performance of small diameter and short carbon nanotubes is better. The field emission performance of carbon nanotube negative electrode prepared on three substrates of conductive glass, nickel foil and nickel foam based on screen printing is discussed. It is found that the foamed nickel substrate can improve the field emission performance. Finally, a model is established to improve the field emission performance of the foamed nickel substrate, which is attributed to foam. The conductivity and heat dissipation of nickel are better. The porous structure is beneficial to attaching more carbon nanotubes and can make up a multistage structure with carbon nanotubes and effectively improve the field enhancement factor. The fourth chapter studies the effect of SP2 type carbon nanomaterial doping on the field emission properties of carbon nanotubes. First, two kinds of CNT/ are prepared by liquid phase method and direct mixing method. Graphene composites are used to study the effect of the preparation methods on the field emission properties. The results show that the composite materials prepared by liquid phase method are more solid and have better field emission properties due to the conductive network composed of carbon nanotubes and graphene. Then the mechanism of the field emission properties of carbon nanotubes doped graphene is analyzed, and the reasons are also analyzed. It is mainly attributed to the improvement of conductivity, especially the increase of the contact between the carbon nanotube and the substrate, and the reduction of the shielding effect of the carbon nanotube negative electrode. The three materials and the carbon nanotube constitute a multistage structure to improve the field enhancement factor. Secondly, three kinds of proportions of CNT/graphene are prepared and the parameters are optimized. The effect of the proportion of graphene on the field emission is investigated. In addition, two kinds of CNT/graphite and CNT/r-graO (reduced graphite oxide) composites have been prepared. The experimental results show that the doping of these two materials can also improve the field emission properties of the carbon nanotubes. The fifth chapter makes a brief summary of the content of this paper, including the content and the main conclusions. Then, the future work is prospected, and the next step is discussed.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O613.71;TB383.1

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本文編號：1777862