本文選題：相變儲能材料 + 二水草酸��； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國科學(xué)院青海鹽湖研究所)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類生活的不斷發(fā)展,化石燃料的大規(guī)模使用致使環(huán)境日漸惡化。相變儲能材料能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)熱能的時(shí)空轉(zhuǎn)換,提高能源使用率,可達(dá)到節(jié)約能源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的目的。二元羧酸是一類非常重要的中溫相變儲能材料。其中,二水草酸以其超高的相變潛熱、低廉的成本優(yōu)勢,在儲熱領(lǐng)域有非常大的應(yīng)用潛力,可廣泛應(yīng)用于太陽能儲熱系統(tǒng)、熱泵和工業(yè)余熱回收等領(lǐng)域。但是二水草酸的耐受性問題限制了其應(yīng)用:首先,二水草酸在相變過程中易泄漏,多次熱循環(huán)后其熱物性質(zhì)衰減嚴(yán)重;其次,二水草酸熔化時(shí)的體積膨脹以及對容器材料的腐蝕使得封裝容器容易受到破壞,這些都阻礙了二水草酸作為相變儲能材料的長期使用。因此改善二水草酸的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性,選擇合適的封裝容器材料成為推進(jìn)其應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵。本論文以二水草酸為相變儲能材料主體,采用不同實(shí)驗(yàn)手段對其進(jìn)行加速熱循環(huán)實(shí)驗(yàn),通過差示掃描量熱儀(DSC)、X射線衍射(XRD)、傅里葉變換紅外光譜(FT-IR)等手段對其進(jìn)行表征,分析其熱物性質(zhì)衰減的原因;根據(jù)衰減原因采取措施改善其循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性;并進(jìn)一步針對其酸性特征,對常見的金屬及合金進(jìn)行全浸腐蝕實(shí)驗(yàn),篩選出合適的耐腐蝕的容器材料,研究結(jié)果表明:(1)通過對比二水草酸加速熱循環(huán)前后的測試結(jié)果,得出其在熔化過程中會產(chǎn)生大量水蒸氣,使體系內(nèi)部壓力增大,易產(chǎn)生泄漏。體系的密閉性好壞對二水草酸的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性影響非常大。尋找合適的材料與二水草酸復(fù)合降低其熔點(diǎn),減少水蒸氣的產(chǎn)生;制備二水草酸定型復(fù)合材料,抑制其在熔化過程中的泄漏,是改善二水草酸循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性的兩種途徑。(2)通過篩選大量的有機(jī)、無機(jī)材料,最終選定氯化鈉(NaCl)為合適的添加劑,9 wt%NaCl可使二水草酸的熔點(diǎn)從101.2°C降低至88.7°C,相變潛熱依舊保持在320 J/g以上,100次熱循環(huán)后熔化潛熱衰減4.7%,循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性得到大幅度提高。此外,實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)聚乙二醇(PEG)的添加雖然未能降低二水草酸的熔點(diǎn),但其作為穩(wěn)定劑也一定程度上改善了二水草酸的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性,其中2.5 wt%PEG 6000效果最好。(3)依據(jù)多孔吸附法原理,實(shí)驗(yàn)采用多孔膨脹石墨對二水草酸+9 wt%NaCl復(fù)合相變儲能材料進(jìn)行物理吸附,制備了二水草酸多孔基體復(fù)合相變儲能材料,并采用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM),DSC等手段對其進(jìn)行表征測試。泄漏測試與SEM分析結(jié)果表明:6 wt%的膨脹石墨能夠完全將二水草酸+9 wt%NaCl復(fù)合相變儲能材料吸附到其孔隙內(nèi)部;DSC循環(huán)測試結(jié)果表明二水草酸多孔基體復(fù)合相變儲能材料100次循環(huán)后熔化潛熱僅衰減1.7%,二水草酸的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性得到了進(jìn)一步改善。(4)針對二水草酸較強(qiáng)的酸性,本論文選用八種常見的耐腐蝕金屬及合金,通過全浸腐蝕實(shí)驗(yàn)來測定其在二水草酸多孔基體復(fù)合相變儲能材料中的抗腐蝕性。結(jié)果表明在常見金屬及合金中,紫銅的腐蝕速率較低且價(jià)格低廉、易加工、導(dǎo)熱性好,所以適合用做二水草酸多孔基體復(fù)合相變儲能材料的封裝材料。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of human life, the large-scale use of fossil fuels has worsened the environment. Phase change energy storage materials can achieve time and space conversion of heat energy, increase the utilization of energy, and achieve the purpose of saving energy and protecting the environment. Two carboxylic acid is a very important kind of medium temperature phase change energy storage material. Among them, two oxalic acid is over the super energy. High phase transformation latent heat, low cost advantage, has great potential in the field of heat storage, and can be widely used in solar energy storage system, heat pump and industrial waste heat recovery. But the tolerance of two oxalic acid limits its application: first, two oxalic acid is easy to leak in the phase change process, and after many hot cycles, its thermal properties decline Secondly, the volume expansion of two water oxalic acid and the corrosion of the container material make the packaging containers vulnerable to damage, which all obstruct the long-term use of two oxalic acid as a phase change energy storage material. Therefore, it is the key to improve the cycle stability of two oxalic acid and choose suitable packaging container material to promote its application. In this paper, two oxalic acid was used as the main body of the phase change energy storage material, and the accelerated thermal cycling experiment was carried out by different experimental means. By means of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and other means, the reasons for the attenuation of the properties of the thermal properties were analyzed, and measures were taken to improve the attenuation according to the attenuation reasons. For its cyclic stability, and further to its acidic characteristics, a total immersion corrosion experiment on common metals and alloys has been carried out to screen out suitable corrosion resistant container materials. The results show that: (1) a large amount of water vapor will be produced during the melting process by comparing the test results of two oxalic acid to accelerate the heat cycle. The tightness of the system has a great effect on the circulation stability of the two oxalic acid. Finding the suitable material to combine with two oxalic acid reduces the melting point and reduces the production of water vapor; the preparation of two water oxalic acid setting composite material and the inhibition of the leakage in the melting process can improve the stability of the two oxalic acid cycle. Two ways. (2) by selecting a large number of organic and inorganic materials, the final selection of sodium chloride (NaCl) is a suitable additive. 9 wt%NaCl can reduce the melting point of two water oxalic acid from 101.2 C to 88.7 C, the latent heat of phase change remains above 320 J/g, and the latent heat attenuation of the melting is 4.7% after 100 heat cycles and the stability of the cycle is greatly improved. In addition, real The addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) can not reduce the melting point of two oxalic acid, but it also improves the cycle stability of two oxalic acid as a stabilizer, of which 2.5 wt%PEG 6000 has the best effect. (3) the porous expanded graphite is used for the composite phase change energy storage material of two aqueous oxalic acid +9 wt%NaCl based on the principle of porous adsorption method. A composite phase change energy storage material with two aqueous oxalic acid porous matrix was prepared by physical adsorption, and was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and DSC. The results of leakage test and SEM analysis showed that the 6 wt% +9 wt% NaCl composite phase change energy storage material could be absorbed into the pores completely; DSC was followed by DSC The loop test results show that the melt latent heat attenuates only 1.7% after 100 cycles of two aqueous oxalic acid porous matrix composite energy storage material, and the cyclic stability of two oxalic acid is further improved. (4) against the strong acidity of two oxalic acid, eight kinds of common corrosion resistant metals and alloys are selected in this paper, and they are measured in two by full immersion corrosion test. The results show that the corrosion rate of copper in common metals and alloys is low and low in corrosion rate, low in price, easy to be processed and good in thermal conductivity, so it is suitable to be used as a package material for the composite phase change energy storage material of two porous oxalic acid matrix.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國科學(xué)院青海鹽湖研究所)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB34

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