本文選題：長纖維 + 尼龍6(PA6)��； 參考：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：長纖維增強(qiáng)熱塑性復(fù)合材料(Long Fiber reinforced Thermoplastics,LFTs)技術(shù)近年來取得了快速、穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展,并已成為制備高性能工程材料的重要方法。LFT復(fù)合材料綜合性能顯著優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)短纖維增熱塑性復(fù)合材料(Short Fiber reinforced Thermoplastics, SFTs)的主要原因是,LFT技術(shù)可以最大程度的保留復(fù)合材料中纖維長度,實(shí)現(xiàn)增強(qiáng)效率最大化。LFT復(fù)合材料不僅表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的力學(xué)強(qiáng)度,同時(shí)具有生產(chǎn)效率高、可回收性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn),在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域尤其是汽車行業(yè)得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文采用長玻璃纖維(LGF)、長碳纖維(LCF)為增強(qiáng)體、尼龍6(PA6)為基體,通過長纖維熔融浸漬技術(shù)制備了兩種LFT復(fù)合材料并對性能進(jìn)行表征。主要工作包括如下兩部分：1、通過制備LGF/PA6復(fù)合材料對LFT技術(shù)進(jìn)行初步探索。研究了LGF含量對于LFT復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能、熱變形溫度(HDT)的影響。重點(diǎn)對比了LGF/PA6與短玻纖增強(qiáng)尼龍6(SGF/PA6)復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能、纖維殘留長度,結(jié)果表明,LGF/PA6的增強(qiáng)效果明顯高于SGF/PA6,尤其是缺口沖擊強(qiáng)度,而前者的纖維殘留長度約為后者的6倍,纖維長度的大小是影響二者力學(xué)強(qiáng)度的主要原因。LFT粒料掃描電鏡(SEM)照片表明LGF在樹脂基體中得到了良好的浸漬。2、利用LCF的導(dǎo)電性以及鎳粉(Ni)的磁導(dǎo)率,在LFT技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上制備了力學(xué)性能優(yōu)異同時(shí)電磁屏蔽功能良好的LCF/Ni/PA6復(fù)合材料。對于LCF/Ni/PA6復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能的研究表明隨著LCF含量的增加力學(xué)性能大幅提高,而鎳粉的加入并沒有對力學(xué)性能產(chǎn)生較大的影響。電導(dǎo)率測試表明復(fù)合材料具有良好的體積電導(dǎo)率并且在較低的LCF含量下可以形成逾滲網(wǎng)絡(luò)；介電性能測試表明復(fù)合材料具有較高的介電損耗,對電磁波能量具有良好的吸收損耗作用。通過矢量網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀測試了電磁屏蔽性能,并對屏蔽機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果表明LCF/Ni/PA6復(fù)合材料具有較高的屏蔽效能并且主要通過吸收的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)電磁波的屏蔽,體現(xiàn)了LCF、鎳粉對于電磁波良好吸收作用。另外,TGA測試研究復(fù)合材料熱穩(wěn)定性發(fā)現(xiàn)LCF、鎳粉的加入對于熱穩(wěn)定性具有一定提高作用；通過SEM觀察了復(fù)合材料的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),表明LCF與基體PA6間具有良好的界面性能。
[Abstract]:Long fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (LFTs) have developed rapidly and steadily in recent years.The main reason why short Fiber reinforced thermoplastics (SFTs) is superior to the traditional short fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites is that LFTs can keep the fiber length in the composites to the maximum extent.To realize the maximum reinforcement efficiency. LFT composites not only exhibit excellent mechanical strength, but also have the characteristics of high production efficiency and high recoverability. LFT composites have been widely used in industrial field, especially in automobile industry.In this paper, two kinds of LFT composites were prepared and their properties were characterized by long fiber melt impregnation technique using long glass fiber (LCF) and long carbon fiber (CF) as reinforcements and nylon 6 (PA6) as matrix.The main work includes the following two parts: 1: 1. The LFT technology is preliminarily explored by the preparation of LGF/PA6 composites.The effects of LGF content on the mechanical properties and thermal deformation temperature of LFT composites were studied.The mechanical properties and fiber residual length of LGF/PA6 and short glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 / SGF / PA6 composites were compared. The results showed that the reinforcement effect of LGF- / PA6 was significantly higher than that of SGF- / PA6, especially the notched impact strength, and the fiber residual length of the former was about 6 times of that of the latter.The size of the fiber length is the main reason that affects the mechanical strength of the two materials. The SEM photos show that LGF is well impregnated in the resin matrix. The conductivity of LCF and the permeability of Ni) are used.On the basis of LFT technology, LCF/Ni/PA6 composites with excellent mechanical properties and good electromagnetic shielding function were prepared.The mechanical properties of LCF/Ni/PA6 composites were studied. The results showed that the mechanical properties of LCF/Ni/PA6 composites were greatly improved with the increase of LCF content, but the addition of nickel powder had no significant effect on the mechanical properties.The conductivity test shows that the composite has good volume conductivity and can form percolation network at low LCF content, and the dielectric property test shows that the composite has high dielectric loss.It has good absorption loss to electromagnetic wave energy.The electromagnetic shielding performance is tested by vector network analyzer, and the shielding mechanism is studied. The results show that LCF/Ni/PA6 composite has high shielding efficiency and the electromagnetic wave shielding is mainly achieved by absorbing.The effect of LCF and nickel powder on electromagnetic wave absorption is demonstrated.In addition, the thermal stability of the composite was studied by TGA. It was found that LCF and the addition of nickel powder could improve the thermal stability, and the microstructure of the composite was observed by SEM, which showed that the interfacial properties between LCF and matrix PA6 were good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332

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本文編號：1761031