本文選題：生物質(zhì)碳　切入點(diǎn)：硼　出處：《浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：超級(jí)電容器作為一種重要的電能存儲(chǔ)器件已經(jīng)受到能源和材料領(lǐng)域的廣泛關(guān)注。電極材料是超級(jí)電容器電能存儲(chǔ)的主要貢獻(xiàn)者。碳材料和碳基復(fù)合材料則是兩種最有潛力實(shí)現(xiàn)商用化應(yīng)用的超級(jí)電容器電極材料。但是,一些典型碳材料在合成制備方面存在原料資源匱乏、制作工藝復(fù)雜、成本相對(duì)較高等問題,限制了這些碳材料和碳基復(fù)合電極材料的工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用。尋求低成本碳源制備碳材料和碳基復(fù)合材料用于超級(jí)電容器電極材料已成為該領(lǐng)域一個(gè)重要發(fā)展方向。木、竹材是可再生的生物質(zhì)材料,制備成碳材料工藝簡(jiǎn)單且具有豐富的多孔結(jié)構(gòu),近年來已經(jīng)成為制備低成本超級(jí)電容器電極材料的備選碳源材料。為了制備具有較好電化學(xué)性能的低成本碳基電極材料同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)生物質(zhì)木竹材的高附加值利用,本論文設(shè)計(jì)和開展了新型木竹材衍生碳基復(fù)合材料的制備及其超電容性能研究工作。具體研究?jī)?nèi)容和主要結(jié)果如下:(1)以竹材粉末為原料,采用高溫?zé)峤夥ㄖ苽渲裉�。然后通過堿活化法使碳和堿發(fā)生反應(yīng),產(chǎn)生多級(jí)多孔結(jié)構(gòu)。接著通過水熱摻雜法,實(shí)現(xiàn)制備碳材料的硼、氮元素?fù)诫s。之后,將制備的元素共摻雜竹材衍生碳材料制作成超級(jí)電容器電極,對(duì)其進(jìn)行循環(huán)伏安(CV)、靜態(tài)充放電、電化學(xué)阻抗譜(EIS)等電化學(xué)性能測(cè)試。測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示,制備的硼氮共摻雜竹材衍生碳材料的比電容和能量密度明顯高于未摻雜的碳、單一硼摻雜的碳以及單一氮摻雜的碳。硼氮共摻雜竹材衍生碳在1 M KOH和1 M H2SO4電解液中最大比電容值分別可達(dá)281 F g~(-1)和318 F g~(-1),最大能量密度分別達(dá)到37.8 W h kg~(-1)和42.1 W h kg~(-1)。獲得的最大比電容高于大多數(shù)報(bào)道過的竹碳材料、硼摻共摻雜碳材料、以及其他典型的生物質(zhì)碳材料。此外,由新型硼氮共摻雜竹材衍生碳材料制成的負(fù)電極構(gòu)成的不對(duì)稱超級(jí)電容器展現(xiàn)出良好的能量密度和電化學(xué)循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。該研究表明,制備的硼氮共摻雜竹材衍生碳材料可作為制備高性能超級(jí)電容器的備選材料。通過該材料制備方法有希望實(shí)現(xiàn)竹材的高附加值利用。(2)以木材為原料,采用高溫?zé)峤夥āA活化法和水熱摻雜法制備硼摻雜碳材料,接著通過低溫原位氧化聚合法,制備聚苯胺/硼摻雜木材衍生碳復(fù)合材料。受益于硼摻雜碳材料豐富的孔結(jié)構(gòu)和硼摻雜賦予的錨固位點(diǎn),復(fù)合物中的聚苯胺組分得到良好的分散。將制備的復(fù)合材料制作成電極后,測(cè)試了其電化學(xué)超電容性能。測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示,受益于聚苯胺和硼摻雜木材衍生碳之間的協(xié)同效應(yīng),聚苯胺/硼摻雜木材衍生碳復(fù)合材料與單一聚苯胺和硼摻雜木材衍生碳電極材料相比具有更高的比電容。此外,復(fù)合材料最高比電容和比能量分別達(dá)到421 F g~(-1)和45.2 W h kg~(-1),與一些文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的聚苯胺包覆碳復(fù)合材料性能相當(dāng)。目前的研究工作為制備低成本、高電化學(xué)性能的碳基復(fù)合材料開辟了一條可行路線,同時(shí)也為木材的高附加值利用提供了一個(gè)有意義的借鑒。
[Abstract]:Super capacitor as an electric energy storage device has been widely concerned about energy and material field. The electrode material is the main contribution of super capacitor energy storage. Carbon materials and carbon based composite materials are the two most potential for super capacitor electrode materials for commercial applications. However, some the typical morphology of carbon materials are lack of resources in the synthesis of raw materials, production process is complex, the cost is relatively high, limiting the application of these materials and industrial production of carbon carbon composite electrode materials. For low cost carbon source for preparing carbon materials and carbon based composites for supercapacitor electrode material has become a an important development direction in this field. Wood, bamboo is a renewable biomass materials, the preparation of porous structure of carbon materials has the advantages of simple process and has rich, in recent years has become the preparation of low cost super power Alternative carbon source material container electrode material. In order to lower the cost of carbon based electrode materials preparation has good electrochemical performance and achieve high value-added wood and bamboo biomass utilization, this paper designed and developed the new type of wood and bamboo derived carbon based composite material preparation and Supercapacitive performance research work. The specific research contents and main results are as follows: (1) using bamboo powder as raw materials, preparation of bamboo carbon by high temperature pyrolysis method. Then the carbon and alkali react by alkali activation method, produce multilevel porous structure. Then through hydrothermal method for preparing carbon doped material, boron, nitrogen doping. After the preparation of the elements the doping of bamboo derived carbon material into a super capacitor electrode, the CV (CV), static discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical performance testing. The testing results show that the preparation of boron nitrogen Co doped bamboo. Have the specific capacitance of the carbon material and energy density was significantly higher than that of undoped carbon, boron doped single carbon and nitrogen doped single carbon boron nitrogen Co doped bamboo derived carbon in 1 M KOH and 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte specific capacitance can reach 281 F g~ (-1) and F g~ (-1) 318 the high energy density, respectively 37.8 W and 42.1 h kg~ (-1) W h kg~ (-1). The maximum specific capacitance is higher than most reported bamboo carbon material, boron doped and Co doped carbon materials, and other typical biomass carbon materials. In addition, the new boron nitrogen Co doped bamboo derived super capacitor is a negative electrode made of carbon material asymmetry show good energy density and electrochemical stability. The study shows that the preparation of boron nitrogen Co doped bamboo derived carbon material can be used as a candidate material for the preparation of high-performance super capacitor. Through the material preparation method to real The high added value (2). The use of bamboo wood as raw material, using high temperature pyrolysis method, alkali activation method and hydrothermal preparation of doped boron doped carbon materials, followed by low temperature in-situ polymerization, preparation of Polyaniline / boron doped wood derived carbon composite material. The anchorage site in the pore structure and the benefit of boron doping rich in boron doped carbon materials with polyaniline, group complex in the points to get good dispersion. The prepared composite material made of electrode, the electrochemical Supercapacitive performance test. The testing results show that the boron doped polyaniline and benefit from the synergies between the wood derived carbon, boron doped polyaniline / wood derivative carbon composite materials with single boron doped polyaniline and wood derived carbon electrode materials have higher specific capacitance. In addition, the composite highest specific capacitance and energy density reached 421 F and 45.2 g~ (-1) W h kg~ (-1), and The properties of polyaniline coated carbon composites in some literatures are quite similar. The current research work has opened a feasible route for preparing low cost and high performance carbon based composites, and provided a meaningful reference for wood's high value added utilization.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TB33;TM53

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