發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-25 03:32

  本文選題：玄武巖纖維　切入點(diǎn)：普通織機(jī)　出處：《大連工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：三維紡織復(fù)合材料的增強(qiáng)體是三維整體紡織預(yù)制件,具有比強(qiáng)度高,比剛度高,可設(shè)計(jì)性強(qiáng),抗疲勞性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),是一種先進(jìn)的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合材料,其廣泛應(yīng)用于航空航天,船舶,汽車,建筑等領(lǐng)域。三維機(jī)織復(fù)合材料是三維紡織結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合材料的一種,具有良好的尺寸穩(wěn)定性,并可形成較高的紗線堆積密度,厚度方向交織的纖維束,增強(qiáng)了復(fù)合材料厚度方向的力學(xué)性能,可有效解決傳統(tǒng)層合板復(fù)合材料層間強(qiáng)度低,使用過(guò)程中易出現(xiàn)分層現(xiàn)象的缺陷�，F(xiàn)在三維機(jī)織復(fù)合材料因其結(jié)構(gòu)和工藝上的優(yōu)勢(shì),得到越來(lái)越多的應(yīng)用和關(guān)注,其制造加工技術(shù)和性能研究引起紡織界和復(fù)合材料界人士的高度重視。玄武巖纖維是一種高性能纖維,綠色環(huán)保,且其拉伸強(qiáng)度高,溫度使用范圍廣,且耐酸堿性好和抗紫外線性能強(qiáng),吸水性能低,在諸多方面擁有自己獨(dú)特的性能,被稱為21世紀(jì)高技術(shù)纖維,在一些應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域完全可以代替碳纖維,芳綸纖維等作為復(fù)合材料的增強(qiáng)體,因此三維機(jī)織玄武巖纖維復(fù)合材料必將受到人們廣泛關(guān)注。本課題以玄武巖長(zhǎng)絲為經(jīng)、緯紗,經(jīng)合理設(shè)計(jì),在普通小樣織機(jī)上織造了正交結(jié)構(gòu),分層角聯(lián)鎖結(jié)構(gòu)和貫穿角聯(lián)鎖結(jié)構(gòu)的三種三維機(jī)織物,并以此為復(fù)合材料的增強(qiáng)體,以乙烯基酯樹(shù)脂為基體,采用VARTM成型工藝制備了三種不同結(jié)構(gòu)的三維機(jī)織玄武巖纖維復(fù)合材料。通過(guò)萬(wàn)能實(shí)驗(yàn)機(jī)主要對(duì)材料的拉伸、彎曲、沖擊性能做了測(cè)試,結(jié)果表明本課題制備的三種結(jié)構(gòu)的三維機(jī)織玄武巖纖維復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能好,且三維機(jī)織物增強(qiáng)體結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能有很大的影響,對(duì)此本論文做了對(duì)比性分析,并做了詳細(xì)的論述。本課題還采用實(shí)驗(yàn)與理論模擬相結(jié)合的方法,通過(guò)建立合理的有限元模型,用ANSYS軟件模擬了三維機(jī)織玄武巖纖維復(fù)合材料的拉伸、彎曲實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程,并對(duì)比了有限元模擬結(jié)果和實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者有很好的一致性,說(shuō)明所建模型是合理的,可以用來(lái)在不破壞材料的前提下預(yù)測(cè)材料的力學(xué)性能,并對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。此外,有限元模擬的方法不僅可以呈現(xiàn)材料表面的破壞情況,而且還可以呈現(xiàn)材料內(nèi)部的受力情況等,有限元模擬使對(duì)復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能研究更深入。
[Abstract]:The reinforcements of 3D textile composites are three dimensional integral textile preforms, which have the advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high designability, good fatigue resistance and so on. It is an advanced structural composite material, which is widely used in aerospace, ship, and so on. Three dimensional woven composites are one of the three dimensional textile structure composites. They have good dimensional stability and can form fiber bundles with higher yarn packing density and interwoven thickness direction. The mechanical properties in the direction of the thickness of the composites are strengthened, which can effectively solve the defects of low interlaminar strength and easy delamination in the use of traditional laminated laminates. More and more applications and attention have been paid to its manufacturing and processing technology and properties. The basalt fiber is a kind of high performance fiber, which is green and environmentally friendly, and its tensile strength is high. The temperature has a wide range of applications, and it has good acid and alkali resistance, strong UV resistance, low water absorption, and has its own unique properties in many aspects. It is called the high-tech fiber in the 21st century. It can replace carbon fiber in some application fields. Aramid fibers are used as reinforcements of composites, so 3D woven basalt fiber composites will be paid more and more attention. Three kinds of three dimensional woven fabrics with orthogonal structure, layered angle interlocking structure and penetrating angle interlocking structure were made on the ordinary sample loom, which were used as reinforcements of composite materials and vinyl ester resin as matrix. Three kinds of three dimensional woven basalt fiber composites with different structures were prepared by VARTM molding process. The tensile, bending and impact properties of the materials were tested by a universal experimental machine. The results show that the three dimensional woven basalt fiber composites prepared in this paper have good mechanical properties, and the three dimensional woven fabric reinforcements have great influence on the mechanical properties of the composites. This paper also uses the method of combining experiment with theoretical simulation, establishes a reasonable finite element model, and simulates the tensile and bending process of 3D woven basalt fiber composites by ANSYS software. The finite element simulation results are compared with the experimental results. The results show that the model is reasonable and can be used to predict the mechanical properties of the material without destroying the material. In addition, the finite element simulation method can not only show the failure of the material surface, but also the internal force of the material. The finite element simulation makes the research on the mechanical properties of the composite more in-depth.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB33

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本文編號(hào)：1661381