本文選題：ZnO納米陣列　切入點(diǎn)：刺突狀CuO/ZnO納米異質(zhì)結(jié)　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新能源的開(kāi)發(fā)以及環(huán)境治理是解決能源短缺與環(huán)境惡化的主要手段,開(kāi)發(fā)治理成本高以及開(kāi)發(fā)治理效果不明顯仍是面臨的主要問(wèn)題。因此找到一種低成本的制備工藝和材料來(lái)有效的開(kāi)發(fā)新能源以及治理環(huán)境具有實(shí)際的研究?jī)r(jià)值。本文采用水熱法、化學(xué)浴以及光化學(xué)沉積法三種低成本的制備方法來(lái)制備ZnO納米陣列及其復(fù)合陣列,期望能夠?yàn)楹罄m(xù)進(jìn)一步低成本應(yīng)用提供一個(gè)參考。本文研究?jī)?nèi)容主要包括以下三個(gè)方面：(1)采用水熱法,以硝酸鋅為鋅源、六亞甲基四胺(HMTA)為OH-源、聚乙烯亞胺(PEI)為添加劑、蒸餾水為溶劑,在FTO導(dǎo)電玻璃基底上制備ZnO納米陣列,系統(tǒng)研究了不同制備條件對(duì)合成ZnO納米陣列的影響。結(jié)果表明,隨著種子層溶液濃度增大,ZnO納米陣列高度以及直徑逐漸降低,垂直取向度逐漸增大,規(guī)整度增加；當(dāng)Zn2+/HMTA摩爾濃度比逐漸增大時(shí),納米陣列高度逐漸降低,直徑呈現(xiàn)先增后減的趨勢(shì),當(dāng)摩爾比為5：5時(shí),其光學(xué)禁帶值與理論值接近為3.2 eV；隨著前驅(qū)體溶液濃度增加,納米陣列直徑和高度呈逐漸增大的趨勢(shì),透射率逐漸降低,當(dāng)前驅(qū)體溶液濃度為50和75 mM時(shí),ZnO納米陣列由六棱柱針狀變向圓錐狀轉(zhuǎn)變；當(dāng)反應(yīng)溫度增加時(shí),納米陣列直徑和高度逐漸增大,透射率逐漸降低,并隨著溫度增加缺陷增多。當(dāng)Zn2+/HMTA濃度摩爾比為5：5,前驅(qū)體溶液濃度為25 mM,反應(yīng)溫度增加為90℃時(shí)制備的ZnO納米陣列,結(jié)晶性、規(guī)整度相對(duì)最好。(2)采用化學(xué)水浴法,以硝酸銅為銅源、酒石酸鉀鈉(PSTT)為絡(luò)合劑、氫氧化鈉和碳酸鈉為堿性介質(zhì)、甲醛為還原劑、蒸餾水為溶劑,在ZnO納米陣列基底上制備刺突狀CuO納米顆粒,研究了不同制備條件對(duì)合成刺突狀CuO/ZnO納米陣列的影響。結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)絡(luò)合劑PSTT濃度逐漸增大時(shí),在ZnO納米陣列表面覆蓋的CuO納米顆粒逐漸增多,顆粒直徑也隨之增加,復(fù)合陣列透射率逐漸增加：當(dāng)還原劑量逐漸增加時(shí),ZnO納米陣列表面覆蓋CuO納米粒子量逐漸減少,顆粒直徑也逐漸降低,透射率透射率逐漸增加。當(dāng)PSTT濃度為2.6 mM、甲醛量為0.125%v/v時(shí)制備的CuO/ZnO納米異質(zhì)結(jié)相對(duì)于純ZnO納米陣列在紫外光照射下表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的光催化性能,對(duì)MO溶液降解率達(dá)到92.8%；同時(shí)在紫外可見(jiàn)光范圍內(nèi)其吸收邊從380延伸至560 nm左右。(3)采用光化學(xué)沉積法,以硝酸銅為銅源、蒸餾水為溶劑,在ZnO納米陣列端部制備花朵狀CuO納米粒子團(tuán)簇結(jié)構(gòu),研究了不同制備條件對(duì)合成花朵狀CuO/ZnO納米異質(zhì)結(jié)的影響。結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)紫外光強(qiáng)度逐漸增大,陣列端部CuO納米粒子團(tuán)簇逐漸由棉絮狀向刺突狀轉(zhuǎn)變,吸光度逐漸增強(qiáng),缺陷減少；當(dāng)銅源濃度增大,ZnO納米陣列端部生長(zhǎng)的CuO納米粒子團(tuán)簇逐漸增大,吸光度逐漸降低,缺陷逐漸增多。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)銅源濃度為3 mM,紫外光強(qiáng)為60 W時(shí)制備的花朵狀CuO/ZnO納米異質(zhì)結(jié)陣列光降解MO效果最好。
[Abstract]:The development of new energy and environmental governance are the main means to solve the energy shortage and environmental degradation. Therefore, it is of practical value to find a low-cost preparation process and materials to effectively develop new energy and environmental governance. The hydrothermal method is used in this paper. Three low-cost preparation methods, chemical bath and photochemical deposition, were used to prepare ZnO nanoarrays and their composite arrays. It is expected to provide a reference for further low-cost application in the future. The main contents of this study include the following three aspects: hydrothermal method, zinc nitrate as zinc source, hexamethylenetetramine (HMTAA) as OH- source, polyethylene imine (PEI) as additive, and zinc nitrate as zinc source, hexamethylenetetramine (HMTAA) as OH- source, and polyethylene imine as additive. ZnO nanoarrays were prepared on FTO conductive glass substrate with distilled water as solvent. The effects of different preparation conditions on the synthesis of ZnO nanoarrays were systematically studied. With the increase of the concentration of seed layer solution, the height and diameter of ZnO nanoarrays decrease gradually, the vertical orientation degree increases and the regularity degree increases, and when the molar concentration ratio of Zn2 / HMTA increases, the height of the nanoarrays decreases gradually. The diameter increased first and then decreased. When the molar ratio was 5:5, the optical band gap value was close to 3.2 EV, and the diameter and height of the nanoscale increased gradually with the increase of the concentration of the precursor solution, and the transmittance decreased gradually. When the concentration of precursor solution is 50 mm and 75 mm, the ZnO nanoarray changes from six prism needle shape to conical shape, and the diameter and height increase gradually and the transmittance decreases when the reaction temperature increases. When the molar ratio of Zn2 / HMTA was 5: 5, the concentration of precursor solution was 25 mm, and the reaction temperature increased to 90 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1644909