本文選題：相變材料　切入點：儲熱性能　出處：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：多孔材料不僅具有孔隙結(jié)構(gòu),而且具有大的比表面積。利用多孔材料對固-液相變儲熱材料進(jìn)行封裝處理,不但可以解決固—液相變材料易泄漏的問題,而且也可以相對提高固—液相變儲熱材料的導(dǎo)熱性能和潛熱。本文選擇三種不同的多孔材料埃洛石、多孔炭和共軛微孔聚合物作為載體,選擇石蠟(paraffin wax)、肉豆蔻酸(MA)、棕櫚酸(PA)和硬脂酸(SA)作為相變材料制備多種多孔相變復(fù)合材料。采用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)、X-射線電子衍射(XRD)、差示掃描量熱(DSC)、熱重分析(TGA)等方法對制備的多孔材料和相變復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行測試和表征,研究了多孔材料的孔隙特征、熱穩(wěn)定性和相變復(fù)合材料的熱性能。第一部分:將經(jīng)過純化的埃洛石納米管和經(jīng)過聚二甲基硅氧烷改性處理的埃洛石納米管作為載體分別與石蠟、肉豆蔻酸、棕櫚酸和硬脂酸制成多種相變復(fù)合材料。通過SEM和TEM可以看出,兩種載體的外表面和內(nèi)表面都吸附了石蠟和脂肪酸;通過DSC測試相變復(fù)合材料的儲熱能力,結(jié)果顯示經(jīng)過改性處理的埃洛石作為載體制備的相變復(fù)合材料具有較高的儲熱能力,相變潛熱介于44.7 J g-1到72.1 J g-1之間;通過TGA測試證明經(jīng)過改性處理的埃洛石作為載體制備的相變復(fù)合材料在180℃沒有分解,具有良好的耐熱性能;通過閃光導(dǎo)熱分析測試經(jīng)過改性處理的埃洛石作為載體制備的相變復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)在0.432 W m-1 K-1~0.706W m-1 K-1,證明相比于純相變材料,制備的相變復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱性能得到了顯著改善。第二部分:利用廢棄的核桃青皮制備出多孔炭載體材料,與三種脂肪酸制備相變復(fù)合材料。通過SEM和TEM觀察分析表明,以核桃青皮為原料制備的多孔炭表面松散,制備的相變復(fù)合材料表面負(fù)載了脂肪酸;通過DSC測試證明制備的相變復(fù)合材料具有較高的潛熱值(61.25 J g-1到81.6 J g-1);利用TGA測試可以看出制備的相變復(fù)合材料在160℃不會發(fā)生熱分解,具有很好的熱穩(wěn)定性。第三部分:制備了具有超疏水性和超親油性的共軛微孔聚合物CMPN-1和CMPN-2,并且以CMPN-1和CMPN-2作為載體與肉豆蔻酸、棕櫚酸、硬脂酸制備相變復(fù)合材料。通過SEM和TEM觀察,表明相變材料不僅吸附在CMPN-1和CMPN-2外表面,在其內(nèi)部也有沉積。通過TGA測試表明CMPN-1和CMPN-2具有良好的熱穩(wěn)定性;通過DSC測試證明制備的相變復(fù)合材料具有良好的儲熱能力(90.86 J g-1~141.06 J g-1);在冷熱循環(huán)200次后,仍然具有較高的相變潛熱,說明CMPN-1基相變復(fù)合材料和CMPN-2基相變復(fù)合材料具有良好的熱循環(huán)利用能力;通過閃光導(dǎo)熱分析儀測得制備的相變復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱性能分別是其對應(yīng)的三種純相變復(fù)合材料的150.12%到182.56%,表明共軛微孔聚合物CMPN-1和CMPN-2使相變復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)熱性能有所提高。
[Abstract]:Porous materials not only have pore structure, but also have large specific surface area. It can also improve the thermal conductivity and latent heat of solid-liquid phase variable heat storage materials. In this paper, three kinds of porous materials, erroite, porous carbon and conjugated microporous polymers, are selected as carriers. A variety of porous phase change composites were prepared by using paraffin paraffin waxer, myristic acid (MAA), palmitic acid (PAA) and stearic acid (SA) as phase change materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to prepare porous phase change composites (PCMs), and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used. The porous materials and phase change composites were tested and characterized by DSC-TGA. The pore characteristics, thermal stability and thermal properties of phase change composites were studied. SEM and TEM show that paraffin and fatty acids are adsorbed on the outer and inner surfaces of the two carriers, and the thermal storage capacity of the composites is tested by DSC. The results show that the phase change composites prepared by the modified Elosite as the carrier have high heat storage capacity, and the latent heat of phase change ranges from 44.7 J g -1 to 72.1 J g -1; TGA test showed that the phase change composites prepared by the modified Elosterite as the carrier did not decompose at 180 鈩，

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