發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-13 10:42

  本文選題：聚丙烯腈　切入點(diǎn)：偕胺肟化　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著當(dāng)今社會(huì)的飛速發(fā)展，金屬材料為人類社會(huì)帶來便利的同時(shí)，也給人類帶來了許多環(huán)境問題，這些問題已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重危害了人們的健康，阻礙了社會(huì)的良性發(fā)展，重金屬污染問題已經(jīng)成為人們不得不面對的一個(gè)問題。為了解決重金屬污染問題，人們開發(fā)出了許多材料來去除重金屬，而在眾多材料中，靜電紡絲法所制備的新型吸附材料以其出色的性能受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。 聚丙烯腈上存在著大量的氰基，通過與鹽酸羥胺反應(yīng)之后能形成偕胺肟螯合基團(tuán)，偕胺肟螯合基團(tuán)能與重金屬離子在溶液中螯合，通過這個(gè)原理，我們結(jié)合高壓靜電紡絲法設(shè)計(jì)了一種能用于重金屬離子吸附的材料，并對其進(jìn)行了測試和研究，具體內(nèi)容如下： 1將聚丙烯腈PAN纖維溶于DMF中，加入鹽酸羥胺后對其直接進(jìn)行了偕胺肟化制備了AOPAN紡絲液，然后利用高壓靜電法制備了AOPAN納米纖維膜，避免了傳統(tǒng)方法中先紡成膜，再在水溶液中偕胺肟化的步驟。然后，我們對其進(jìn)行了紅外，拉伸，和掃描測試，并利用銅，鉛離子對其吸附性能做了進(jìn)一步研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，在最佳條件下，其對銅，鉛離子的吸附能達(dá)到98.4mg/g和119.4mg/g，具有較好的吸附效果。 2為了改善AOPAN納米纖維膜的強(qiáng)度，增強(qiáng)其應(yīng)用功能，在纖維膜中加入了尼龍PAN66來對其進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。首先利用雙噴頭靜電紡絲法制備了PAN聚丙烯腈和尼龍PA66的復(fù)合納米纖維膜，然后利用鹽酸羥胺對其進(jìn)行了偕胺肟化，得到了AOPAN/PA66的復(fù)合納米纖維膜。然后，我們對其進(jìn)行了紅外，拉伸，和掃描等測試，并利用銅，鉛離子對其吸附性能做了研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過尼龍的改性之后，纖維膜不僅具有較好的吸附性能，纖維膜的強(qiáng)度也得到了很大的提高，，提高了其重復(fù)利用性，使其具有較好的應(yīng)用潛力。 3在上一章的基礎(chǔ)上，利用已經(jīng)紡好的PAN聚丙烯腈和尼龍PA66的復(fù)合納米纖維膜，我們在其上面進(jìn)行了乙二胺接枝胺化，得到了具有氨基的螯合納米纖維，并對其進(jìn)行了紅外，拉伸，和掃描等測試，并利用鉛離子對其吸附性能做了研究，實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)其在較低pH值下對鉛離子有較好的吸附。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of today's society, metal materials bring convenience to human society, but also bring many environmental problems to human beings. These problems have seriously harmed people's health and hindered the healthy development of society. Heavy metal pollution has become a problem that people have to face. In order to solve the problem of heavy metal pollution, people have developed a lot of materials to remove heavy metals, and in many materials, The new adsorption materials prepared by electrostatic spinning have attracted wide attention due to their excellent properties. There are a lot of cyanide groups on polyacrylonitrile, which can form amidoxime chelate group after reacting with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the amidoxime chelate group can chelate with heavy metal ion in solution. We have designed a kind of material which can be used for heavy metal ion adsorption by high voltage electrostatic spinning method, and have carried on the test and research to it, the concrete content is as follows:. (1) Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber was dissolved in DMF, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride was added to prepare AOPAN spinning solution. Then AOPAN nanofiber membrane was prepared by high voltage electrostatic method. Then we carried out infrared, tensile, and scanning tests on the amidoxime in aqueous solution, and further studied the adsorptive properties of copper and lead ions. The experimental results showed that under the optimum conditions, copper was adsorbed on copper. The adsorption energy of lead ion is 98.4 mg / g and 119.4 mg / g respectively. In order to improve the strength and application function of AOPAN nanofiber membrane, nylon PAN66 was added to the fiber membrane to improve it. Firstly, the composite nano-fiber membrane of PAN polyacrylonitrile and nylon PA66 was prepared by double head electrostatic spinning. Then it was oximized by hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the composite nanofiber membrane of AOPAN/PA66 was obtained. Then, we tested it by IR, stretching, scanning, and using copper. The adsorbability of lead ion was studied. It was found that through the modification of nylon, the fiber membrane not only had better adsorption performance, but also the strength of fiber membrane was greatly improved and its reusability was improved. It has good application potential. 3 on the basis of the previous chapter, using the composite nanofiber membrane of PAN polyacrylonitrile and nylon PA66, we have grafted ethylenediamine onto it to obtain the chelate nanofibers with amino groups, and carried on the infrared analysis. The sorption properties of lead ions were studied by tensile and scanning tests. It was found that lead ions could be adsorbed at lower pH value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O647.33;TB383.1

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本文編號：1606035