本文選題：鈣鈦礦形貌　切入點(diǎn)：添加劑　出處：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：鈣鈦礦太陽電池作為新興的薄膜太陽電池,由于其優(yōu)異的光電性能:高的載流子遷移率、合適的帶隙、高的摩爾消光系數(shù),在近年來有了喜人的研究成果。作為鈣鈦礦太陽電池結(jié)構(gòu)中的重要的吸收光的部分,鈣鈦礦薄膜的質(zhì)量對(duì)鈣鈦礦太陽電池的性能有舉足輕重的影響,制備高質(zhì)量的鈣鈦礦薄膜是科學(xué)工作者的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。為了制備高質(zhì)量的鈣鈦礦薄膜,選取了向前驅(qū)體溶液中加入添加劑的方法。首先選取了氫鹵酸作為添加劑,以一定的體積比加入到前驅(qū)體溶液中,制備的鈣鈦礦薄膜形貌、結(jié)晶性都有較大的提高,將鈣鈦礦太陽電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率從9.66%提高到15.2%。利用反溶劑法結(jié)合XRD和紅外分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種全新的中間相產(chǎn)物:MAI-PbI2-DMF-xHX(X=Cl、Br、I)。從晶體的形核理論出發(fā),結(jié)合中間相的形成,對(duì)氫鹵酸的作用機(jī)制給出了合理的解釋。在氫鹵酸作為添加劑取得成功之后,選取了堿性的氨水作為添加劑制備了鈣鈦礦薄膜,形貌和結(jié)晶性有一定的提高,電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率提高到了 13.5%。鈣鈦礦太陽電池的效率的提高離不開對(duì)其機(jī)理的深入理解,只有對(duì)電池內(nèi)部的電荷傳輸?shù)臋C(jī)理有深刻的理解,才能從優(yōu)化電池的結(jié)構(gòu)和材料上提高鈣鈦礦太陽電池的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率。利用瞬態(tài)吸收技術(shù),研究了鈣鈦礦薄膜的質(zhì)量對(duì)自身及器件內(nèi)電荷復(fù)合的影響,高質(zhì)量的鈣鈦礦薄膜中的載流子復(fù)合多以電子-空穴的直接復(fù)合為主,而在器件中高質(zhì)量的鈣鈦礦薄膜能抑制TiO2的導(dǎo)帶電子和Spiro上的價(jià)帶空穴之間的復(fù)合。研究了 TiO2和鈣鈦礦及鈣鈦礦和Spiro之間的電荷復(fù)合問題,得到的時(shí)間尺度在100～300 ns,與文獻(xiàn)結(jié)果基本一致。這部分的研究為鈣鈦礦薄膜的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)提供了一個(gè)新的思路,也對(duì)鈣鈦礦電池內(nèi)部的電荷轉(zhuǎn)移的理解有很大的幫助。
[Abstract]:As a new thin film solar cell, perovskite solar cell has excellent photoelectric properties: high carrier mobility, suitable band gap, high molar extinction coefficient, As an important part of the structure of perovskite solar cells, the quality of perovskite films plays an important role in the performance of perovskite solar cells. The preparation of high quality perovskite thin films is one of the hot research topics of scientists. In order to prepare high quality perovskite films, the method of adding additives to the precursor solution is selected. The morphology and crystallinity of the perovskite films prepared by adding a certain volume ratio to the precursor solution have been greatly improved. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cells has been increased from 9.66% to 15.2.The antisolvent method combined with XRD and infrared analysis was used. A new kind of mesophase product:: MAI-PbI2-DMF-xHXHXOXXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHXHX, a new kind of mesophase product, was found. Based on the nucleation theory of crystal and the formation of mesophase, the mechanism of action of hydrohalogenic acid was explained reasonably. Perovskite thin films were prepared with alkaline ammonia as additive. The morphology and crystallinity of perovskite thin films were improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery was raised to 13.5.The efficiency of perovskite solar cells could not be improved without a thorough understanding of its mechanism. Only when we have a deep understanding of the mechanism of charge transfer inside the cell can we improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell by optimizing the structure and materials of the battery. The effect of the quality of perovskite film on the charge recombination of the perovskite film and the device is studied. The carrier recombination in the high quality perovskite film is mainly composed of electron-hole direct recombination. The high quality perovskite film in the device can inhibit the recombination between the conduction band electron of TiO2 and the valence band hole in Spiro. The problem of charge recombination between TiO2 and perovskite and between perovskite and Spiro is studied. The obtained time scale is 100 ~ 300ns, which is basically consistent with the results of the literature. This part of the study provides a new idea for the quality evaluation of perovskite thin films, and it is also helpful to understand the charge transfer inside perovskite cells.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.2;TM914.42
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本文編號(hào)：1579023