本文選題：PP基復(fù)合材料　切入點(diǎn)：木粉　出處：《暨南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：以木粉或廢棄棉纖維與塑料共混制備的木塑或棉塑復(fù)合材料,具有綠色環(huán)保、綜合性能較好、成本低廉的優(yōu)點(diǎn),顯示出廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。但由于強(qiáng)親水的木質(zhì)纖維或棉纖維與疏水的熱塑性塑料之間的極性差異導(dǎo)致界面粘接強(qiáng)度低和相容性差,從而限制木塑或棉塑復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能的提高。因此,本文以層狀石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)為增強(qiáng)劑制備了改性聚丙烯(PP)基木塑復(fù)合材料;以及先采用聚合物將廢棄棉纖維硬化,然后加入塑料中制備成棉塑復(fù)合材料,或加入木粉和塑料中制備成棉木塑復(fù)合材料;并研究了它們的結(jié)構(gòu)性能。具體的研究內(nèi)容如下:1、將煅燒三聚氰胺制備的g-C3N4與PP、木粉(WF)依次通過擠出造粒、注塑成型得到g-C3N4增強(qiáng)PP基木塑復(fù)合材料樣品,觀察了樣品沖擊斷面的形貌,測(cè)試了樣品的性能。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):層狀的g-C3N4在機(jī)械剪切力作用下部分脫落成片狀并被PP緊密包裹;隨著g-C3N4添加量的增加,樣品的彎曲模量、拉伸模量、熱穩(wěn)定性和耐水性逐步增加,顏色逐漸變淺;當(dāng)g-C3N4的添加量為3.0wt%時(shí),其在樣品中的分散性良好,綜合性能優(yōu)異。2、利用單體浸泡廢棄棉纖維并通過加熱聚合形成的硬化棉纖維與PP依次通過擠出造粒、注塑成型得到PP基棉塑復(fù)合材料樣品,觀察了樣品的沖擊斷面形貌,測(cè)試了樣品的性能。研究結(jié)果表明:隨著硬化棉纖維添加量的增加,樣品中棉纖維與PP之間的界面越明顯,纖維被拔出后留下的空腔越多;硬化棉纖維的添加提高了樣品的彎曲模量、拉伸模量和熱分解溫度,但其沖擊強(qiáng)度、彎曲強(qiáng)度和拉伸強(qiáng)度都出現(xiàn)先增加后降低的現(xiàn)象;添加10.0t%硬化棉纖維樣品的綜合性能最佳。3、利用單體浸泡廢棄棉纖維后加熱聚合的硬化物與PP、WF依次通過擠出造粒、注塑成型得到PP基棉木塑復(fù)合材料樣品,觀察了樣品的沖擊斷面形貌,測(cè)試了樣品的性能。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):隨著硬化棉纖維添加量的增加,棉纖維與PP和WF之間的界面越明顯,纖維被拔出后留下的空腔越多,樣品的吸水率逐步增加;當(dāng)硬化棉纖維的添加量在2.5~10.0wt%范圍內(nèi)時(shí),與木塑復(fù)合材料相比,硬化棉纖維的添加使樣品的彎曲模量和拉伸模量明顯增大,而對(duì)其彎曲強(qiáng)度和拉伸強(qiáng)度沒有明顯影響;當(dāng)廢棄棉纖維的添加量為5.0wt%時(shí),樣品的沖擊強(qiáng)度最佳、綜合性能良好。
[Abstract]:Wood plastic or cotton plastic composite prepared by blending wood powder or waste cotton fiber with plastics has the advantages of green environmental protection, good comprehensive performance and low cost. But due to the polarity difference between strong hydrophilic wood fiber or cotton fiber and hydrophobic thermoplastic plastics, the interface adhesion strength is low and the compatibility is poor. In order to limit the improvement of mechanical properties of wood-plastic or cotton-plastic composites, the laminated graphite phase carbon nitride carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was used as reinforcements to prepare modified PP / PP-based wood-plastic composites, and the waste cotton fibers were first hardened by polymer. Then the cotton plastic composite is prepared by adding the plastic into the plastic, or the cotton wood plastic composite is prepared by adding the wood powder and the plastic into the plastic material. The structure and properties of g-C3N4 prepared by calcining melamine, PPand wood flour WF4 were prepared by extrusion granulation and injection molding to obtain g-C3N4 reinforced wood-plastic composites. The morphology of the impact section of the sample was observed and the properties of the sample were tested. The results showed that the laminated g-C3N4 was partially shearing off and tightly wrapped by PP under mechanical shear stress, and the flexural modulus of the sample increased with the increase of the content of g-C3N4. The tensile modulus, thermal stability and water resistance of g-C _ 3N _ 4 increased gradually, and the color became lighter, and the dispersion of g-C _ 3N _ 4 in the sample was good when the content of g-C _ 3N _ 4 was 3.0 wt%. The composite properties were excellent. 2. The toughened cotton fiber and PP prepared by monomer soaking and heating polymerization were used to extrude granulation and injection molding to obtain PP matrix cotton plastic composite material samples. The impact section morphology of the samples was observed. The results showed that with the increase of the content of hardened cotton fiber, the interface between cotton fiber and PP in the sample was more obvious, and the more cavity was left after the fiber was pulled out. The addition of hardened cotton fiber increased the bending modulus, tensile modulus and thermal decomposition temperature of the samples, but the impact strength, bending strength and tensile strength of the samples increased first and then decreased. When 10.0t% harden cotton fiber was added, the best comprehensive properties were obtained. The PP / cotton wood / plastic composite material was obtained by extrusion granulation and injection molding by heating the cured material and PPN WF after the waste cotton fiber was soaked in the monomer. The impact section morphology of the sample was observed and the properties of the sample were tested. It was found that the more obvious the interface between cotton fiber and PP and WF was with the increase of the content of hardened cotton fiber, the more cavity was left after the fiber was pulled out. When the content of hardened cotton fiber is in the range of 2.5 ~ 10.0 wt%, compared with wood-plastic composite, the flexural modulus and tensile modulus of the sample are obviously increased with the addition of hardened cotton fiber. When the content of abandoned cotton fiber is 5.0 wt%, the impact strength of the sample is the best and the comprehensive properties are good.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB332

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