本文選題：碳材料　切入點(diǎn)：聚酰亞胺　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展和科技不斷進(jìn)步的今天,機(jī)械、航天和核工業(yè)已經(jīng)占據(jù)了工業(yè)的主導(dǎo)地位,而在這些領(lǐng)域中摩擦的不可避免性,導(dǎo)致了潤(rùn)滑油的過(guò)度使用,這一現(xiàn)象加劇了能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題。為了資源和環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,發(fā)展綠色環(huán)�？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展的潤(rùn)滑體系變得尤為重要。首先是潤(rùn)滑劑的選擇,水基潤(rùn)滑的來(lái)源比較廣,而且成本比較低,已經(jīng)在各種金屬加工領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用,用水基潤(rùn)滑代替油潤(rùn)滑也已經(jīng)受到很多領(lǐng)域的青睞。因此探索一種高效可靠綠色環(huán)保的水基潤(rùn)滑添加劑對(duì)進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)水基潤(rùn)滑的應(yīng)用具有重要意義。其次是固體潤(rùn)滑方向,如果材料本身具有潤(rùn)滑作用,那就會(huì)大大減輕資源的損耗和浪費(fèi)。在固體潤(rùn)滑領(lǐng)域,碳材料、聚合物等都有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。本研究以研究綠色可持續(xù)發(fā)展的潤(rùn)滑體系為宗旨,研究了碳材料作為水基潤(rùn)滑添加劑的摩擦學(xué)行為以及碳材料作為聚合物自潤(rùn)滑復(fù)合材料添加劑的摩擦學(xué)行為。其主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)通過(guò)改進(jìn)的Hummers法制備了氧化石墨烯,并對(duì)多壁碳納米管進(jìn)行酸化處理。將制得的GO和MWCNTs-COOH通過(guò)溶液共混與真空過(guò)濾進(jìn)行復(fù)合,制備GO/MWCNTs-COOH復(fù)合材料。研究了不同比例的GO/MWCNTs-COOH復(fù)合材料作為水基潤(rùn)滑添加劑的摩擦磨損行為。發(fā)現(xiàn)了GO:MWCNTs-COOH的最佳的比例為3:1,此時(shí)氧化石墨烯和碳納米管之間通過(guò)π-π非共價(jià)鍵的結(jié)合形成了均一的網(wǎng)絡(luò)插層結(jié)構(gòu),使得復(fù)合材料可以穩(wěn)定的分散在水溶液中。GO/MWCNTs-COOH復(fù)合材料作為水基潤(rùn)滑添加劑的時(shí)候,在循環(huán)摩擦力的作用下有著協(xié)同作用,比相同含量的氧化石墨烯和碳納米管單獨(dú)加入水中時(shí)的潤(rùn)滑效果更優(yōu)異。(2)通過(guò)原位聚合的方法將上述溶液共混真空過(guò)濾制備的GO/CNTs復(fù)合材料作為填料加入到聚酰亞胺(PI)基體中,制備GO/CNTs/PI復(fù)合材料。研究表明GO/CNTs復(fù)合材料對(duì)于PI基體具有協(xié)同增強(qiáng)的效果,GO/CNTs/PI復(fù)合材料具有優(yōu)異的力學(xué)性能和熱學(xué)性能,并且自潤(rùn)滑效果也非常顯著。在干摩擦條件下,加入了GO/CNTs復(fù)合材料的PI基體的摩擦系數(shù)和磨損量都比純的PI基體要低很多。同樣地,在有水潤(rùn)滑介質(zhì)時(shí),GO/CNTs/PI復(fù)合材料摩擦磨損的行為依舊比純的聚酰亞胺的摩擦性能優(yōu)異。(3)通過(guò)冷壓燒結(jié)的方法制備聚酰亞胺/聚偏氟乙烯復(fù)合材料和碳纖維/聚酰亞胺/聚偏氟乙烯復(fù)合材料,并研究了其力學(xué)、熱學(xué)和摩擦學(xué)特性。研究表明:聚偏氟乙烯本身屬于軟質(zhì)相,在加入了聚酰亞胺和碳纖維后,無(wú)論是力學(xué)還是摩擦學(xué)性能都得到了增強(qiáng)。聚偏氟乙烯的摩擦系數(shù)很低,但是磨損量卻很高,加入了聚酰亞胺和碳纖維后,材料的耐磨性能得到了明顯的改善,在固體潤(rùn)滑領(lǐng)域有很大的研究空間。
[Abstract]:Today, with the rapid development of economy and progress of science and technology, the mechanical, aerospace and nuclear industries have occupied the leading position of the industry, and the inevitable friction in these fields has led to the excessive use of lubricating oil. This phenomenon exacerbates the energy crisis and environmental pollution. For the sustainable development of resources and environment, it is particularly important to develop the lubricating system of green environmental protection and sustainable development. First, the choice of lubricant, the source of water-based lubrication is relatively wide. And the cost is relatively low, and has been widely used in various fields of metal processing, Water based lubrication instead of oil lubrication has been favored in many fields. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore an efficient, reliable, green and environmentally friendly water based lubricating additive to further promote the application of water based lubrication, followed by the direction of solid lubrication. If the material itself has lubricating effect, it will greatly reduce the loss and waste of resources. It is widely used in the field of solid lubrication, carbon materials, polymers, etc. The purpose of this study is to study the lubricating system of green and sustainable development. The tribological behaviors of carbon materials as water based lubricating additives and carbon materials as additives of polymer self-lubricating composites were studied. The main research contents are as follows: (1) graphene oxide was prepared by improved Hummers method. The multiwalled carbon nanotubes were acidified. The prepared go and MWCNTs-COOH were compounded by solution blending and vacuum filtration. GO/MWCNTs-COOH composites were prepared. Friction and wear behaviors of GO/MWCNTs-COOH composites with different proportions as water based lubricating additives were studied. It was found that the optimum ratio of GO:MWCNTs-COOH was 3: 1, and the 蟺-蟺 noncovalent reaction between graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes was found. The combination of keys forms a uniform network intercalation structure, So that the composite can be steadily dispersed in aqueous solution. GOR / MWCNTs-COOH composite is used as water based lubricating additive, and it has synergistic effect under the action of cyclic friction. The lubricating effect of graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes was better than that of graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes in water alone. The GO/CNTs composites prepared by vacuum filtration were added to the polyimide matrix by in-situ polymerization. GO/CNTs/PI composites were prepared. The results show that GO/CNTs composites have synergistic strengthening effect on Pi matrix. GOP / CNTs / Pi composites have excellent mechanical and thermal properties, and the self-lubricating effect is very remarkable. The friction coefficient and wear rate of Pi matrix added with GO/CNTs are much lower than that of pure Pi matrix. The friction and wear behavior of GO- / CNTs- / Pi composites is still better than that of pure polyimides in aqueous lubricating media.) Polyimide / PVDF composites and carbon fiber / polyimides were prepared by cold pressing sintering. Amine / polyvinylidene fluoride composites, The mechanical, thermal and tribological properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were studied. Both mechanical and tribological properties have been enhanced. The friction coefficient of PVDF is very low, but the wear rate is very high. With the addition of polyimide and carbon fiber, the wear resistance of the material is obviously improved. There is much room for research in the field of solid lubrication.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB332

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