本文選題：酚醛樹脂　切入點：酚/醛摩爾比　出處：《安徽工程大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：眾所周知,滌綸織物(PET)作為橡膠復(fù)合材料的增強體材料,以其優(yōu)異的耐熱性、尺寸穩(wěn)定性等特點被普遍應(yīng)用于橡膠輪胎、傳送帶等領(lǐng)域。但因為PET本身化學(xué)活性不活潑,結(jié)構(gòu)緊密、表面光澤手感良好、分子上缺乏帶有極性的基團,致使其與橡膠之間不能形成很好的界面粘合效果,從而制約了滌綸拓展其應(yīng)用市場。本課題的主要研究方向為改善PET增強復(fù)合材料布層間的粘合性能。本課題主要合成了四種不同間苯二酚／甲醛單體摩爾比(1：1.3、1：1.5、1：1.7、1：2)的甲階酚醛樹脂,通過“氨檢”法驗證酚醛樹脂(RF)是否合成完全；然后在高溫加熱條件下由甲階酚醛樹脂制備出丙階酚醛樹脂,并通過紅外分析、熱重分析(TG)與差示掃描量熱(DSC)等技術(shù)手段對各酚／醛單體摩爾比RF樹脂的性能進行表征和分析。由結(jié)果得出酚／醛單體摩爾比是1：2的RF樹脂在升溫的初始階段失重過快,耐高溫性不好；酚／醛單體摩爾比1：1.3的酚醛樹脂分解溫度較低,分解較容易,無法滿足在特定溫度(325。C)下熔融。將合成的系列甲階酚醛樹脂與丁吡膠乳等混合配制成酚醛樹脂浸漬液(RFL液),通過改變預(yù)烘溫度、預(yù)烘時間、焙烘溫度、焙烘時間等試驗條件研究制備RFL膠膜最優(yōu)工藝并完成膠膜制備,得出的膠膜成型的最優(yōu)工藝為：預(yù)烘溫度是120℃,預(yù)烘時間是40分鐘,焙烘溫度是170℃,焙烘時間是20分鐘。然后通過測試膠膜的硬度、拉伸強度、斷裂伸長率、能譜分析等對其成分和柔性進行表征和分析。由結(jié)果得出酚／醛單體摩爾比為1：1.7時的酚醛樹脂的拉伸強度最高,伸長率最小,不易變形,且其硬度也適中,其綜合性能也是最優(yōu)的。將配制好的RFL液對滌綸織物進行功能性整理并烘燥,然后與橡膠以兩布三膠的形式復(fù)合,并通過加熱加壓硫化(硫化工藝為2.5MPa×150℃×25min),制備出PET增強復(fù)合材料。根據(jù)GB/T31334.1-2015的要求對PET增強復(fù)合材料進行高溫和常溫粘合強度的測試與分析,得出間苯二酚／甲醛單體摩爾比為1：1.7時,PET增強復(fù)合材料布層間的高溫和常溫粘合強度都為最高；由于溫度上升,致使分子間的運動更加猛烈,分子間的相互作用力降低,使得一些化學(xué)鍵斷裂,滌綸與橡膠間的粘合界面發(fā)生破壞,從而導(dǎo)致PET增強復(fù)合材料布層間的高溫粘合強度較常溫時有一定的下降。綜上所述,應(yīng)該選取酚／醛單體摩爾比為1：1.7的甲階酚醛樹脂與膠乳等混合配制成RFL浸膠液,對滌綸織物進行功能性整理,使其在滿足一定強度要求的同時又具有一定的柔性、耐熱性,從而在改善滌綸與橡膠的粘合性能的同時,又使滌綸增強復(fù)合材料具有一定的柔性,且能在特定溫度下熔融。在之后應(yīng)用到輸送帶產(chǎn)品時,也能夠滿足生產(chǎn)對其強度、柔性以及布層間粘合性能的要求。
[Abstract]:As is known to all, polyester fabric (PET) is widely used in rubber tires, conveyor belts and other fields due to its excellent heat resistance and dimensional stability as a reinforcing material of rubber composites, but PET itself is not active in chemical activity. The structure is tight, the surface gloss is good, the molecule lacks the group with polarity, so that it can't form a good bonding effect between the rubber and the interface. The main research direction of this paper is to improve the adhesion properties of PET reinforced composite laminates. Four kinds of cresyl phenolic resins with different molar ratios of resorcinol / formaldehyde monomers (1: 1. 3: 1. 5: 1: 1. 7: 1: 2) have been synthesized. The synthesis of phenolic resin was verified by "ammonia detection" method, and then the propyl phenolic resin was prepared from cresol formaldehyde resin under the condition of high temperature heating, and was analyzed by IR. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSCC) were used to characterize and analyze the properties of each phenolic / aldehyde monomer molar ratio RF resin. The results showed that the weight loss of RF resin with phenol / aldehyde monomer molar ratio of 1: 2 was too fast in the initial stage of heating. The decomposition temperature of phenolic resin with 1: 1.3 molar ratio of phenol to aldehydes is lower and it is easier to decompose. It is not satisfied to melt at a specific temperature (325.C). The synthetic series of cresol formaldehyde resin and butylpyridine latex are mixed to form a phenolic resin impregnation solution (RFL). By changing the pre-baking temperature, pre-baking time, baking temperature, etc., The optimum process of preparing RFL film was studied under the conditions of curing time and so on. The optimum process of film forming was obtained as follows: the pre-baking temperature was 120 鈩，

本文編號：1564142