本文選題：導(dǎo)電硅橡膠　切入點：流體作用　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：導(dǎo)電硅橡膠是一種具有特殊壓阻特性與溫度特性的復(fù)合材料,因此受到越來越多的關(guān)注。目前,導(dǎo)電硅橡膠多用于柔性傳感器中的敏感單元元件,其性能直接影響傳感器在不同應(yīng)用場合的實用性,在此同時,柔性陣列傳感器的測量精度和穩(wěn)定性不是很高,如何有效提高其測量精度及穩(wěn)定性并擴大其應(yīng)用范圍已成為了目前亟需解決的難題。本文闡述了導(dǎo)電橡膠的導(dǎo)電機理和補強機理；分析了導(dǎo)電復(fù)合材料的壓阻計算模型；制定了一套基于導(dǎo)電硅橡膠壓阻特性的制備工藝流程；分別研究了在液體靜壓下導(dǎo)電硅橡膠的壓阻特性和弛豫特性,以及在氣壓作用下導(dǎo)電硅橡膠的表面壓阻特性；并且設(shè)計了一種新型柔性陣列式平面壓力檢測系統(tǒng)。通過比對各類實驗原料的性質(zhì)及實驗效果,確定了制備導(dǎo)電硅橡膠的最佳配比,通過制定合適的材料制備流程和對材料硫化成型條件的優(yōu)化,使得導(dǎo)電硅橡膠內(nèi)部填料的分散更加均勻；采用小尺寸、高活性的炭黑以及炭黑／納米Si02(A1203)并用的方式對復(fù)合材料進行補強,結(jié)果顯示：復(fù)合材料的邵氏硬度值可由35.5HA提升至55.5HA,經(jīng)過測試比對發(fā)現(xiàn)該制備流程和補強方式使得復(fù)合材料的壓阻重復(fù)性以及穩(wěn)定性均有較好的提升,由此表明該制備工藝和補強方法可以有效地改善導(dǎo)電硅橡膠的粘彈性進而提高壓敏材料的精度。研究了在一定范圍內(nèi)液體靜壓下(介質(zhì)為水)導(dǎo)電硅橡膠的體壓阻特性、表面壓阻特性以及弛豫特性,得到了不同添加配比試樣的壓阻敏感區(qū)間和弛豫時間。實驗結(jié)果表明：在液體靜壓下,各不同試樣所表現(xiàn)的表面壓阻性能要優(yōu)于體壓阻性能,其中,6%乙炔炭黑/2%納米Si02并用的試樣所表現(xiàn)出的表面壓阻性能最優(yōu),壓敏區(qū)間相比最寬,其測量液位范圍為0～20cm；6%乙炔炭黑/2%納米α-Al2O3并用試樣的表面壓阻性能最差,表現(xiàn)為壓敏區(qū)間較小,測量液位范圍為0-10cm,但可用作力加載值較小時的情況；而單獨添加8%乙炔炭黑試樣的壓阻性能則界于前二者之間,在0-15cm的測量區(qū)間內(nèi)其表面壓阻性能較好。納米改性材料的添加與材料厚度的增大(2mm-4mm),可以在一定程度上擴展復(fù)合材料的壓敏區(qū)間并且可以將復(fù)合材料在液體靜壓下的電阻弛豫時間從160s縮短至50-70s。測試導(dǎo)電硅橡膠在氣壓作用下的表面壓阻特性,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：添加改性材料后,導(dǎo)電硅橡膠在氣體作用下的表面壓阻特性曲線明顯要優(yōu)于單獨添加乙炔炭黑的情況,而且隨著材料厚度的增加其壓阻特性有較好的提升,當復(fù)合材料的厚度為4mm且噴氣壓力范圍為0.02-0.3MPa時,噴氣壓力值與電阻值的對應(yīng)關(guān)系更加清晰明確,但噴氣高度的增加不利于氣壓敏感材料的精度。在研究導(dǎo)電硅橡膠各類性能的基礎(chǔ)上,選擇了合適的敏感單元材料,結(jié)合一種新型柔性陣列結(jié)構(gòu),分別通過硬件與軟件的開發(fā)設(shè)計了一套陣列式壓力分布檢測系統(tǒng)；通過對該系統(tǒng)實驗平臺的搭建與調(diào)試,實現(xiàn)了兩接觸平面間的壓力分布數(shù)據(jù)實時采集功能；通過施加不同形狀的重物,將測得的數(shù)據(jù)進行可視化成像處理,發(fā)現(xiàn)該檢測系統(tǒng)不僅可以有效降低制作成本,并且能夠初步地實現(xiàn)平面壓力分布檢測的測量。
[Abstract]:Conductive silicone rubber is a kind of composite material with special piezoresistive properties and temperature characteristics, has attracted more and more attention. At present, the conductive silicone rubber used for sensitive elements in flexible sensors, it directly affects the performance of the sensor at the same time in the practical, different applications, measurement accuracy and stability of flexible array sensor is not very high, how to improve the measurement accuracy and stability and to expand its scope of application has become a problem to be solved urgently. This paper expounds the conductive mechanism of conductive rubber and reinforcing mechanism; model analysis of the piezoresistive composites; developed a process of preparing conductive silicone rubber piezoresistive based on the characteristics of the liquid under hydrostatic pressure respectively; conductive silicone rubber piezoresistive properties and relaxation properties were studied, and the pressure under the action of surface conductive silicone rubber piezoresistive Characteristics; and the design of a new type of flexible array type plane pressure detection system. Through the comparison experiment and experimental results of various properties of raw materials, to determine the best ratio for preparation of conductive silicone rubber, through the development process and optimization of material conditions of vulcanization molding material preparation suitable, dispersed internal filler of conductive silicone rubber more the uniform; small size, high activity of carbon black and carbon black / nano Si02 (A1203) and the way of reinforcement of composite materials showed that composite hardness value can be increased from 35.5HA to 55.5HA, after testing the preparation process was found on the improvement and reinforcement made of composite material pressure the repeatability and stability of resistance are good, which shows that the preparation process and the reinforcement method can effectively improve the viscoelastic properties of conductive silicone rubber and improve the accuracy of research. Pressure sensitive materials 絀朵簡鍦ㄤ竴瀹氳寖鍥村唴娑蹭綋闈欏帇涓，

本文編號：1560434