本文關鍵詞： 貴金屬納米材料 可控合成 催化 異質結構 甲基橙 亞甲基藍　出處：《華中農業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：貴金屬納米材料在催化反應、生物傳感等諸多領域有著極大的應用空間和發(fā)展?jié)摿?因其性質與形貌結構有著緊密關聯(lián),可控的合成具有特殊結構的貴金屬納米材料具有重要意義。異質納米結構的優(yōu)越性能,使其最近受到了廣泛的關注。本論文主要可控合成了由超細超長的Pd納米線串聯(lián)多個Au納米顆粒形成的項鏈型鈀金異質納米材料,并對其性質與形貌之間的關系進行了研究,主要研究結果如下:1.使用超細超長碲納米線作為模板,CTAB作為表面活性劑、PdCl2及HAu Cl4作為前體,通過精確的調控還原劑的用量,可以對項鏈型鈀金異質納米材料上的Au納米顆粒的間距和尺寸進行調控。當調節(jié)金前體用量時,Au納米顆粒的尺寸可被進一步調控。通過TEM、HRTEM、HAADF-STEM、XRD等技術對合成的材料進行多種表征,得到了在金前體用量固定時,還原劑用量和Au納米顆粒的間距和尺寸的量化關系,即隨著還原劑用量的增加,金納米顆粒的間距和尺寸下降,金前體的用量改變則會引起金納米顆粒尺寸的改變,并且對項鏈型鈀金異質納米材料的形成過程進行了討論,給出了合理解釋。2.將項鏈型鈀金異質納米材料用于甲基橙、亞甲基藍或對硝基苯酚的降解,對其催化活性進行研究。首先測試了具有不同Au納米顆粒間距和尺寸的異質納米項鏈的催化性質,然后將其與Pd Au納米線、Pd納米線、Au納米顆粒以及Pd納米線和Au納米顆粒的混合物等進行對照。結果顯示項鏈型鈀金異質納米材料的催化活性及催化穩(wěn)定性均具有優(yōu)于對照組,而且項鏈型鈀金異質納米材料的活性隨著結構改變表現(xiàn)出了一定的變化規(guī)律:當Au納米顆粒的間距和尺寸在一定范圍內變大時,材料表現(xiàn)出了更好的催化活性。
[Abstract]:Noble metal nanomaterials have great application space and development potential in many fields such as catalytic reaction, biosensor and so on, because their properties are closely related to their morphology and structure. The controllable synthesis of noble metal nanomaterials with special structures is of great significance. In this thesis, the necklace-type palladium and gold heterogeneous nanomaterials formed by ultrafine and ultra-long PD nanowires in series with several au nanoparticles have been synthesized, and the relationship between their properties and morphology has been studied. The main results are as follows: 1. Using ultrafine ultra-long tellurium nanowires as templates, CTAB as surfactants PdCl2 and HAu Cl4 as precursors, the amount of reductant can be accurately controlled. The spacing and size of au nanoparticles on the necklace type palladium gold heterogeneous nanomaterials can be controlled. The size of au nanoparticles can be further regulated when the amount of gold precursor is adjusted. The synthesized materials are characterized by TEMU HRTEMU HAADF-STEMXRD and other techniques. The quantitative relationship between the amount of reducing agent and the spacing and size of au nanoparticles is obtained when the amount of gold precursor is fixed, that is, with the increase of the amount of reducing agent, the spacing and size of gold nanoparticles decrease. The change of the amount of gold precursor will lead to the change of the size of gold nanoparticles, and the formation process of the necklace type palladium and gold heterogeneous nanomaterials is discussed, and the reasonable explanation is given. 2. The necklace-type palladium and gold heterogeneous nanomaterials are used in methyl orange. The catalytic activity of methylene blue or p-nitrophenol was studied. Firstly, the catalytic properties of heterogeneous nano-necklace with different au nanocrystalline spacing and size were tested. Then compared with PD au nanowires and PD nanowires and the mixture of PD nanowires and au nanoparticles, the results showed that the catalytic activity and catalytic stability of the necklace type palladium gold heterogeneous nanomaterials were superior to those of the control group. Moreover, the activity of the nanocrystalline palladium and gold heterostructure changed with the change of structure. When the spacing and size of au nanoparticles increased in a certain range, the catalyst showed better catalytic activity.
【學位授予單位】：華中農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O643.36;TB383.1

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本文編號：1552659