發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-21 22:23

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 石墨烯 石墨 銀基復(fù)合材料 釤 摩擦磨損　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文采用粉末冶金的方法制備了石墨烯-銀基復(fù)合材料、二硫化鉬-銀基復(fù)合材料以及添加釤的石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料,利用顯微分析手段對(duì)銀基材料的組織及摩擦磨損后的表面形貌進(jìn)行了分析,同時(shí)分析了石墨烯、二硫化鉬及添加釤元素對(duì)銀基復(fù)合材料物理力學(xué)性能(靜態(tài))性能的影響,實(shí)際模擬了復(fù)合材料在通電以及不通電條件下的摩擦磨損試驗(yàn),研究其在不同電流密度條件下的摩擦磨損性能。為改善復(fù)合材料在通電狀態(tài)及大電流條件下的摩擦磨損能力,本文在傳統(tǒng)的石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料中,添加釤(Sm)用以改善復(fù)合材料的性能,隨著釤(氧化物)添加量的增加,雖復(fù)合材料的硬度和抗彎強(qiáng)度有升高,但會(huì)使電阻率增大,因此,本文中釤(氧化物)添加量控制在3wt%以下。在摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)中,添加釤的石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料能顯著提升材料的耐磨性,改善復(fù)合材料的抗電耐磨性能,使復(fù)合材料的磨損量減小。本文研究中用石墨烯取代石墨,采用粉末冶金的方法制備了石墨烯-銀基復(fù)合材料,在碳質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)相同的條件下進(jìn)行性能比較,當(dāng)碳含量較低時(shí)(6wt%),石墨烯-銀基復(fù)合材料的各項(xiàng)靜態(tài)性能優(yōu)于石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料,隨石墨烯取代量的增加,復(fù)合材料的靜態(tài)性能開始降低。在摩擦磨損實(shí)驗(yàn)中,隨著石墨烯取代量的增加(6wt%,8wt%,10wt%),復(fù)合材料耐磨性能則趨于降低。由于二硫化鉬也是一種常用的固體潤滑劑,在航空航天自潤滑材料中得到廣泛應(yīng)用,本文利用二硫化鉬取代石墨,制備了二硫化鉬-銀基復(fù)合材料。研究了二硫化鉬含量對(duì)復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)電性及強(qiáng)度的影響,并與同質(zhì)量百分比的石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料性能進(jìn)行對(duì)比。最后模仿銀基復(fù)合材料電刷的工況條件,在自制的通電摩擦磨損機(jī)上對(duì)以上三組成分的復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行了摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)。在電流密度一定的條件下,復(fù)合材料的耐磨性的高低依次為添加釤的石墨(6wt%)-銀基復(fù)合材料、石墨烯(6wt%)銀基復(fù)合材料、石墨(6wt%)-銀基復(fù)合材料;提高電流密度,復(fù)合材料的磨損量均增加,但耐磨性的排列次序不變,且正刷的磨損量大于負(fù)刷。研究結(jié)果表明,在傳統(tǒng)的石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料中添加釤,能夠有效改善復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)電性、硬度、強(qiáng)度,提高材料的耐摩擦磨損性能及電接觸性能等綜合性能指標(biāo)。用石墨烯取代石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料中的石墨,只有在含量較低時(shí)性能改善效果明顯,使石墨烯-銀基復(fù)合材料的靜態(tài)性能及摩擦磨損性能均優(yōu)于石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料。用二硫化鉬取代石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料中的石墨,復(fù)合材料的靜態(tài)性能(硬度、強(qiáng)度、導(dǎo)電性)改善沒有明顯的優(yōu)勢,而在大氣條件下,二硫化鉬-銀基復(fù)合材料的摩擦磨損性能比石墨-銀基復(fù)合材料差。
[Abstract]:In this paper, graphene silver matrix composites, molybdenum disulfide silver matrix composites and graphite silver matrix composites with samarium were prepared by powder metallurgy. The microstructure and surface morphology of silver based composites after friction and wear were analyzed by means of microanalysis. The effects of graphene, molybdenum disulfide and samarium addition on the physical and mechanical properties (static) of silver based composites were also analyzed. In order to improve the friction and wear ability of the composites under the condition of current and high current, the friction and wear tests of the composites under the condition of electrification and non-electrification are simulated in practice, and the friction and wear properties of the composites under different current density are studied. In this paper, samarium smm is added to the traditional graphite-silver matrix composites to improve the properties of the composites. With the increase of the amount of samarium (oxide), the hardness and flexural strength of the composites increase, but the resistivity increases. In this paper, the content of samarium (oxide) is controlled below 3wt%. In the friction and wear test, the graphite / silver matrix composites with samarium can significantly improve the wear resistance of the composites and improve the electrical wear resistance of the composites. In this paper, graphene was substituted for graphite, and graphene silver matrix composites were prepared by powder metallurgy. The properties of the composites were compared under the same carbon mass fraction. When the carbon content is low, the static properties of graphene / silver matrix composites are better than those of graphite silver matrix composites, and the static properties of the composites begin to decrease with the increase of graphene substitution. With the increase of the substitution amount of graphene, the wear resistance of the composites tends to decrease. As molybdenum disulfide is also a common solid lubricant and is widely used in aerospace self-lubricating materials, the graphite is replaced by molybdenum disulfide in this paper. The molybdenum disulfide silver matrix composites were prepared. The effect of molybdenum disulfide content on the electrical conductivity and strength of the composites was studied. And compared with the graphite-silver matrix composites with the same mass percentage. Finally, the operating conditions of the silver matrix composite brushes were simulated. The friction and wear tests of the composites with the above three components were carried out on a self-made electric friction and wear machine. Under the condition of constant current density, the wear resistance of the composites was in the order of graphite with samarium for 6 wt- silver matrix composites. When the current density is increased, the wear capacity of the composites increases, but the order of wear resistance is constant, and the wear amount of the positive brushes is larger than that of the negative brushes. Adding samarium to the traditional graphite-silver matrix composites can effectively improve the electrical conductivity, hardness and strength of the composites. The friction and wear resistance and electrical contact properties of the composites were improved by using graphene to replace the graphite in the graphite-silver matrix composites, only when the content of graphene was low, the performance of graphite was improved obviously. The static properties and friction and wear properties of graphene silver matrix composites are better than those of graphite silver matrix composites. The static properties (hardness, strength, strength) of graphite silver matrix composites are replaced by molybdenum disulfide. Under atmospheric conditions, the friction and wear properties of molybdenum disulfide silver matrix composites are worse than that of graphite silver matrix composites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB33;TQ127.11

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