發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-04 19:07

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 前地板 汽車輕量化 VARI成型 熱壓罐成型 剛度　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：碳纖維增強(qiáng)樹脂基復(fù)合材料以其高強(qiáng)度、高模量、成型工藝靈活、輕量化效果十分明顯等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在航天航空、風(fēng)機(jī)葉片、體育器材、汽車零部件中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,特別是在車身結(jié)構(gòu)件中,輕量化效果尤為明顯；但是由于碳纖維復(fù)合材料的各向異性不同于金屬材料的各向同性,使其在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和成型加工方法上比金屬材料復(fù)雜,因此還未得到廣泛的應(yīng)用,尤其是在民用方面,因此對碳纖維復(fù)合材料汽車零部件詳細(xì)系統(tǒng)的研究顯得尤為重要。 本課題以復(fù)合材料汽車前地板為研究對象,對樹脂基體和碳纖維等原材料進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究和篩選,并對成型工藝進(jìn)行了探索,確定了適用于前地板主板和梁VARI成型工藝用雙酚A型樹脂體系的最佳固化工藝為80℃/2h+110℃/2h+140℃/2h,按照此固化工藝制備的樹脂澆鑄體的拉伸強(qiáng)度、彎曲強(qiáng)度、沖擊強(qiáng)度和玻璃化轉(zhuǎn)變溫度分別為73.52MPa、128.12Mpa、17.17KJ/m2和138℃。對國產(chǎn)和進(jìn)口T300級平紋碳纖維進(jìn)行力學(xué)性能研究,確定了適用于前地板主板和梁VARI成型工藝用增強(qiáng)材料為進(jìn)口T300級平紋碳纖維,且鋪層方式為[0°/90°]4s。通過VARI工藝成型[0°/90°]4s、[0°+45°/90°/-45°]2s、[+45°/-45°]4s三種不同鋪層方式增強(qiáng)雙酚A型樹脂體系復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能的研究表明,以[0°/90°]4s鋪層方式得到的復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能最優(yōu)，其拉伸強(qiáng)度、拉伸模量、彎曲強(qiáng)度、彎曲模量、層間剪切強(qiáng)度分別為896.46MPa和956.71MPa、49.82GPa和57.31GPa、815.93MPa和904.76MPa、45.33GPa和52.54GPa、52.58MPa和53.71MPa；本課題還采用先進(jìn)復(fù)合材料熱壓罐成型工藝制備了汽車橫梁，對熱壓罐工藝成型T300級單向預(yù)浸料和不同鋪層間復(fù)合材料的力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了研究，結(jié)果表明以0°90°4s為最優(yōu)的鋪層方式，得到的復(fù)合材料力學(xué)性能最優(yōu)，其拉伸強(qiáng)度、拉伸模量、彎曲強(qiáng)度、彎曲模量、層間剪切強(qiáng)度分別為1236.58MPa、69.89GPa、1189.60MPa、65.43GPa、84.26MPa。 在獲得了前地板主板和梁用樹脂體系和碳纖維基本性能參數(shù)后，對VARI工藝成型前地板主板和梁的工藝進(jìn)行了研究，并且成功制備了前地板主板和梁；采用金相顯微鏡測試了前地板主板的纖維體積含量為57.4%，并且在不同位置，纖維體積含量不同；在主板平板處，纖維體積含量為61%，，在主板拐角處，纖維體積含量為53%。 通過對膠接試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)性研究，確定了MAXLOKT6混合型結(jié)構(gòu)膠作為前地板膠接用結(jié)構(gòu)膠；對膠接完成后的前地板稱重，發(fā)現(xiàn)梁用VARI工藝和用熱壓罐工藝成型組裝的前地板重量分別為13.6kg和14.8kg，相比于原金屬前地板，重量分別降低了49.63%和45.19%；對前地板進(jìn)行剛度測試，結(jié)果表明前地板梁用VARI工藝成型的前地板的剛度與原金屬前地板剛度相當(dāng)，而前地板梁用熱壓罐工藝成型的前地板的剛度約是其兩倍；最后對制備的前地板進(jìn)行裝車試驗(yàn)，并對裝車后的白車身進(jìn)行了模態(tài)測試，結(jié)果表明其與原金屬車身的模態(tài)頻率相當(dāng)，滿足汽車前地板的性能要求。
[Abstract]:Resin based composite material with high strength, high modulus carbon fiber reinforced lightweight, flexible forming process, the effect is very obvious advantages in aerospace, fan blades, sports equipment, auto parts has been widely used, especially in the vehicle body structure, lightweight effect is obvious; but due to anisotropy specific carbon fiber composite material is different from the metal material isotropic, the structure design and molding method than metal material is complex, it has not been widely used, especially in civilian areas, so it is very important to the carbon fiber composite material with auto parts of the system.
The composite automobile front floor as the research object, the matrix resin and carbon fiber and other raw materials has been screened and studied in detail, and the molding process are explored, determine the best curing process for the front floor board and beam forming process of VARI with bisphenol A type resin is 80 DEG /2h+110 /2h+140 OC /2h, in accordance with the tensile strength of the resin curing process prepared by casting the bending strength, impact strength and glass transition temperature were 73.52MPa, 128.12Mpa, 17.17KJ/m2 and 138 DEG. Research on the mechanical properties of domestic and imported T300 plain carbon fiber, is determined to apply the front floor board and beam VARI forming process of reinforced materials used for the import T300 plain carbon fiber layer, and the way for [0 ~ /90 ~]4s. by VARI process [0 ~ /90 ~]4s, [0 ~ +45 ~ /90 ~ /-45 ~]2s, [+45 ~ /-45 ~]4s three different layers Study on enhancement of mechanical properties of bisphenol A type resin composites showed that the optimal mechanical properties of the composites with [0 ~ /90 ~]4s layers obtained, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus and interlaminar shear strength were 896.46MPa and 956.71MPa, 49.82GPa and 57.31GPa, 815.93MPa and 904.76MPa, 45.33GPa and 52.54GPa, 52.58MPa and 53.71MPa; this project also uses tank forming advanced composite hot pressing technology for automobile beam preparation, mechanical properties of autoclave moulding grade T300 unidirectional prepreg and between different layers of composite materials were studied, the results show that the 0 degrees 90 degrees 4S for the form of lamination optimum. The optimal mechanical properties of the composites obtained, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus and interlaminar shear strength were 1236.58MPa, 69.89GPa, 1189.60MPa, 65.43GPa, 84.26MPa.
In the front floor board and beam with the basic performance parameters of resin and carbon fiber, on the floor board and beam VARI technology before forming process were studied, and successfully prepared the front floor board and beam; the front floor board of the fiber volume fraction of 57.4% was tested by optical microscope, and in different the position, the fiber volume fraction is different; in the motherboard plate, the fiber volume fraction is 61%, the motherboard in the corner, the fiber volume fraction is 53%.
The adhesive test of basic research, to determine the MAXLOKT6 hybrid structure adhesive bonding structure as the front floor glue; weighing to the front floor adhesive after the completion of the discovery process of VARI and beam assembled by autoclave moulding before the floor weight were 13.6kg and 14.8kg, as compared to the original metal the floor, the weight was reduced by 49.63% and 45.19%; the stiffness test of the front floor, the results show that the first floor beam with the front floor of VARI process and the stiffness of the original metal floor stiffness, the floor beam before using the autoclave moulding the floor stiffness is about two times; at last loading test on the front floor preparation, and the white body after loading the modal test, the results show that with the original metal body modal frequency, meet the performance requirements of automobile front floor.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U466;TB332

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