發(fā)布時間：2018-01-30 01:22

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 油田污水 部分水解聚丙烯酰胺 光催化 鉍基氧化物　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著聚合物(主要為部分水解聚丙烯酰胺)驅(qū)油的廣泛應(yīng)用,在大大增加石油采出率的同時隨之帶來了關(guān)于含聚油田污水的處理問題。部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)會帶來污水自然沉降困難、絮凝劑作用變差、器械的磨損和破壞、以及水源的污染等問題。因此,處理這些含聚油田污水成為保護環(huán)境和維持采油工業(yè)的重要課題,其中光催化處理油田污水以其清潔、徹底的優(yōu)點受到了廣泛矚目。 本文以光催化降解部分水解聚丙烯酰胺的鉍基光催化劑為研究重點,采用水熱法和溶膠-凝膠法制備鉍基光催化劑,采用X射線衍射圖譜(XRD)、X射線光電子能譜(XPS)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、能量色散X射線譜(EDXS)等分析手段對樣品進行表征,利用淀粉-碘化隔法、化學(xué)需氧量測試(COD)、總有機碳(TOC)分析儀測試對部分水解聚丙烯酰胺的濃度進行分析。 主要研究了W/Mo摻雜對BiVO4光催化性能的影響,以及其降解部分水解聚丙烯酰胺的性能研究；薄片狀和花狀Bi2WO6降解模擬油田污水的性能比較,以及聚丙烯酰胺濃度、pH、以NaHCO3、Na2CO3、NaCl、Ca2+、Mg2+、Al3+的存在對薄片狀Bi2WO6光催化降解部分水解聚丙烯酰胺的影響；漂珠負(fù)載Bi2WO6/BiVO4異質(zhì)結(jié)的制備及光催化降解模擬油田污水。主要研究結(jié)果如下： 1.發(fā)現(xiàn)了W/V摩爾比為0.5%W和1.5%Mo共摻雜的BiVO4共摻雜能使得光電測試瞬態(tài)光電流增大為1.7×10-7A/cm2,幾乎是純相BiVO4的6倍(0.3×10-7A/cm2)。在300W氙燈全光譜照射下對500mg/L,分子量為300萬的聚丙烯酰胺的降解率3h內(nèi)能達到43%,顯著高于未摻雜的18%,COD去除率能達到65%,通過測試礦化度能達到40%。配置含油量為1000mg/L, HPAM量為500mg/L的模擬油田污水。全光譜下照射3h,0.5%W和1.5%Mo共摻雜的BiVO4能使其COD去除率達到的40%。其降解機理主要是·OH的氧化作用。 2.薄片狀Bi2WO6全光譜下3h對模擬油田污水的COD去除率為55%,降解效果優(yōu)于花狀Bi2WO6(52%)。聚丙烯酰胺的降解隨著濃度升高而降低；聚丙烯酰胺在堿性條件下降解率較差；NaHCO3和Na2CO3也會影響薄片狀Bi2WO6對聚丙烯酰胺的降解,使其降解減弱。NaCl的存在會造成聚丙烯酰胺降解率的降低,由50%降低為45%。金屬離子的存在會顯著影響聚丙烯酰胺濃度的變化,其影響大小的排序為Na+Ca2+Mg2+Al3+,其中Al3+對光催化降解聚丙烯酰胺的影響顯著。 3.利用溶膠凝膠法制備漂珠負(fù)載的Bi2WO6/BiVO4,并通過調(diào)節(jié)W/V的摩爾質(zhì)量比控制復(fù)合量。發(fā)現(xiàn)30%Bi2WO6與BiVO4復(fù)合后,在可見光下能使亞甲基藍MB(10mg/L)在3h內(nèi)降解率達到100%,相對于未復(fù)合的BiVO4性能具有顯著提高。其對配置含油量為1000mg/L,HPAM量為500mg/L的模擬油田污水也具有較好的降解效果,可見光下3h其COD去除率為58%。以漂珠作為載體,除了提高光催化活性以外,還可提高其重復(fù)利用率。
[Abstract]:With the widespread application of polymer (mainly partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide) flooding. At the same time, it brings about the problem of treating the sewage containing polymer oil field. The partial hydrolysis of polyacrylamide (HPAM) will bring about the difficulty of natural settling of sewage and the function of flocculant becomes worse. Therefore, it is an important issue to protect the environment and maintain the oil recovery industry to deal with these oil field sewage, in which photocatalytic treatment of oilfield sewage for its cleanliness. The advantages of thoroughness have been widely noticed. In this paper, bismuth-based photocatalysts for the degradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide were studied. Bismuth based photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method and sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) were used to prepare bismuth based photocatalysts. The samples were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The concentration of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide was analyzed by chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer. The effects of W / Mo doping on the photocatalytic performance of BiVO4 and the degradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide were studied. The properties of flake and flower-like Bi2WO6 in degradation of simulated oilfield wastewater and the pH value of polyacrylamide in NaHCO3Na2CO3- NaClCO3- NaCl-Ca2 + Mg2 were compared. The effect of the presence of Al3 on the photocatalytic degradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PAM) by flake Bi2WO6; Preparation and photocatalytic degradation of simulated oilfield wastewater by Bi2WO6/BiVO4 heterojunction supported on bleach beads. The main results are as follows: 1. It is found that BiVO4 co-doping with W / V molar ratio of 0.5 W and 1.5Mo can increase the transient photocurrent to 1.7 脳 10 ~ (-7) A / cm ~ 2. It is almost 6 times that of pure phase BiVO4 (0.3 脳 10 ~ (-7) A / cm ~ (-2) 路cm ~ (-2)). Under the full spectral irradiation of 300W xenon lamp, 500 mg / L. The degradation rate of polyacrylamide with molecular weight of 3 million can reach 43% within 3 h, which is significantly higher than that of unadulterated polyacrylamide, which can reach 65%. The salinity can reach 40mg / L, and the simulated oilfield wastewater with oil content of 1000mg / L and HPAM of 500mg / L is set up and irradiated for 3 hours under full spectrum. BiVO4 doped with 0.5W and 1.5W Mo can make the removal rate of COD reach 40%. The degradation mechanism is mainly the oxidation of 路OH. 2. The COD removal rate of simulated oilfield wastewater in 3 h under the full spectrum of thin slice Bi2WO6 is 55%. The degradation effect of polyacrylamide was better than that of flower-like Bi2WO _ 6N _ (52). The degradation of polyacrylamide decreased with the increase of concentration. The degradation rate of polyacrylamide was poor in alkaline condition. NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 can also affect the degradation of polyacrylamide by Bi2WO6. The degradation of polyacrylamide will be reduced by the presence of NaHCO3 and Na2CO3. The concentration of polyacrylamide was significantly affected by the presence of metal ions from 50% to 45. The order of influence was Na Ca2 Mg2 Al3. The effect of Al3 on photocatalytic degradation of polyacrylamide was significant. 3. Bi2WO6/BiVO4 supported on bleach beads was prepared by sol-gel method. By adjusting the molar ratio of W / V to control the amount of the compound, it was found that 30% Bi2WO6 was combined with BiVO4. Under visible light, the degradation rate of methylene blue MBN (10mg / L) reached 100% in 3 h. Compared with the uncompounded BiVO4, it has a better degradation effect on simulated oilfield wastewater with oil content of 1000mg / L and HPAM of 500mg / L. The removal rate of COD was 58% under visible light for 3 h. Using bleach beads as carrier could not only improve the photocatalytic activity, but also improve the reutilization rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X741;TB34

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