本文關(guān)鍵詞： 太赫茲 超材料 高Q 導模　出處：《中國計量大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：超材料(Metamaterial)是一類由亞波長結(jié)構(gòu)周期性排列的人工復合材料,由于其特殊的電磁效應(yīng),因而受到廣泛關(guān)注,這些特殊的電磁特性來自于超材料豐富的諧振效應(yīng)。關(guān)于諧振峰的評價指標就是品質(zhì)因子(Q值),但是由于受到輻射損耗和金屬歐姆損耗的影響,諧振峰的Q值很難大幅度提高,傳統(tǒng)的獲得高Q值的方法都是基于超材料表面模式建立的,這些方法雖然能在一定程度上壓制輻射損耗,但是效果卻相當有限。由于超材料結(jié)構(gòu)的周期性,可以將其等效為一種類光柵結(jié)構(gòu),電磁波入射時也會產(chǎn)生光柵衍射效應(yīng),此效應(yīng)可將入射電磁波耦合進波導,激發(fā)導模諧振。這一類諧振是由于波導限制電磁波的傳輸而產(chǎn)生,可以極大地抑制能量向自由空間的輻射,實現(xiàn)諧振峰的超高Q值,這在光柵領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)有相關(guān)報道證實。本文首次利用金屬單閉環(huán)在超材料領(lǐng)域引入導模諧振,并研究了各結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對導模諧振的調(diào)控作用,進一步在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了兩種分別以金屬雙閉環(huán)和金屬雙開口環(huán)為例的調(diào)控超材料導模以獲得高Q的方法:(1)基本結(jié)構(gòu)單元為兩個金屬閉環(huán)均勻分布于X方向周期為2d、Y方向周期為d的PI薄膜上,此時超材料相鄰兩個金屬環(huán)間中心距均為d,實際周期也為d,類似于一個均勻的二維光柵。有電磁波入射時,就會產(chǎn)生光柵衍射效應(yīng),并激發(fā)光柵周期為d的導模。當將兩個金屬閉環(huán)進行相向或反向平移(這二者是等價的)時,就會造成超材料相鄰兩個金屬環(huán)間的中心距離不等,引入2d光柵周期并激發(fā)該周期的導模。通過調(diào)節(jié)平移量可以調(diào)控導模能量在2d光柵周期上的分量(即調(diào)制深度),從而調(diào)節(jié)此導模諧振峰的Q值和幅值。通過仿真研究,平移量越小,導模諧振峰的Q值越高而幅值越小,仿真中可達104以上。在此基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)討論了波導層厚度對導模諧振峰的影響,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)波導層材料以選取損耗小厚度薄的為佳。最后,用激光直寫化學鍍銅方法加工了樣品,并用THz-TDS進行了測試,實驗結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果高度吻合。(2)基本結(jié)構(gòu)單元為兩個金屬開口環(huán)均勻分布于X方向周期為2d、Y方向周期為d的PI薄膜上,其中兩個環(huán)的開口位置分別分布在環(huán)的上部和下部。當將兩個金屬環(huán)以各自環(huán)中心為圓心同時旋轉(zhuǎn)或者將兩個金屬環(huán)的開口位置進行相向或反向平移時,這樣也能引入2d的光柵周期并激發(fā)該周期的導模,與前一種方法的規(guī)律類似,旋轉(zhuǎn)角度或平移量越小,導模諧振峰的Q值越高而幅值越小,仿真中同樣獲得了104以上的Q值。另外,還提出了一種調(diào)控基于導模與偶極諧振峰相互作用產(chǎn)生的類EIT諧振峰的峰寬調(diào)控方法,并在仿真中給出了調(diào)控的效果。最后,同樣用激光直寫化學鍍銅方法加工了樣品,并用THz-TDS進行了測試,實驗結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果高度吻合。
[Abstract]:Metamaterial) is a kind of artificial composite which is arranged periodically by subwavelength structure. Because of its special electromagnetic effect, it has been paid more and more attention. These special electromagnetic properties come from the rich resonance effect of metamaterials. The evaluation index of the resonance peak is the Q value of the quality factor, but it is affected by the radiation loss and the metal ohmic loss. The Q value of the resonant peak is difficult to increase greatly. The traditional methods of obtaining high Q value are based on the surface mode of metamaterials, although these methods can suppress the radiation loss to a certain extent. However, the effect is quite limited. Because of the periodicity of the supermaterial structure, it can be equivalent to a kind of grating structure, and the grating diffraction effect will also occur when the electromagnetic wave is incident, which can couple the incident electromagnetic wave into the waveguide. This type of resonance is caused by the waveguide limiting the transmission of electromagnetic waves, which can greatly suppress the energy radiation to the free space and achieve the high Q value of the resonance peak. This has been confirmed in the field of grating. In this paper, we first use metal single closed-loop to introduce the guided mode resonance in the field of supermaterials, and study the regulation of the structure parameters on the guided mode resonance. On the basis of this, two ways to obtain high Q are proposed, one is metal double closed loop and the other is metal double open ring. The basic structural elements are two metal close-loop uniformly distributed in the X-direction cycle of 2d. On Pi thin film with Y direction period d, the center distance between two adjacent metal rings is both d and the actual period is d, which is similar to a uniform two-dimensional grating. The grating diffraction effect is generated and the guided mode with a grating period of d is excited. When the two metal closed loops are shifted in opposite direction or in reverse direction (which are equivalent). The distance between the centers of the two metal rings adjacent to the metamaterials is not equal. The period of 2d grating is introduced and the guided mode of the period is excited. The component of guided mode energy (i.e. modulation depth) on the period of 2d grating can be adjusted by adjusting the translation. Through the simulation, the smaller the translation, the higher the Q value and the smaller the amplitude of the guided mode resonance peak. On the basis of this, the influence of waveguide thickness on the resonant peak of guided mode is discussed. It is found that the material of waveguide layer is better to select the thin one with small loss. Finally, the influence of the thickness of waveguide layer on the resonant peak of guided mode is discussed. The samples were fabricated by laser direct writing electroless copper plating and tested by THz-TDS. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.) the basic structural elements are two open metal rings uniformly distributed on Pi thin films with the X direction cycle of 2dU Y direction period of d. The opening positions of the two rings are distributed in the upper and lower parts of the ring respectively.; when the two metal rings are rotated at the center of each ring at the same time or the opening positions of the two metal rings are shifted in opposite direction or reverse. In this way, the grating period of 2d can be introduced and the guided mode of the period can be excited. Similar to the rule of the former method, the smaller the rotation angle or the translation, the higher the Q value and the smaller the amplitude of the resonant peak of the guided mode. The Q value above 104 is also obtained in the simulation. In addition, a method to adjust the width of the EIT resonant peak based on the interaction between the guide mode and the dipole resonant peak is proposed. The control effect is given in the simulation. Finally, the sample is processed by laser direct writing electroless copper plating method, and tested by THz-TDS. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results.
【學位授予單位】：中國計量大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TB33

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