本文關鍵詞： 錦綸纖維 絡合作用 環(huán)氧樹脂 天然橡膠　出處：《貴州大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：錦綸纖維具有優(yōu)良的熱穩(wěn)定性、力學性能、耐磨損性及耐化學腐蝕性,在服裝、家紡、橡膠制品、繩索等產(chǎn)業(yè)領域應用廣泛。但是錦綸纖維在增強聚合物材料時,具有高結晶的錦綸纖維度致使其表面光滑、化學活性低,這導致錦綸纖維與聚合物基體的界面粘接性能差,因此錦綸纖維增強聚合物材料時需要對其進行表面改性來提高錦綸纖維與聚合物基體的界面粘接性能。本文采用一種新型的改性方法對錦綸纖維表面進行處理。(1)采用CaCl_2對錦綸纖維進行表面改性,為確定溶液處理的溶劑,研究了不同溶劑的CaCl_2溶液處理錦綸纖維的效果,通過SEM觀察對比了水和乙醇作為溶劑的處理效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)絡合改性處理時現(xiàn)乙醇作為溶劑比水效果要好。(2)通過傅里葉紅外(FTIR)錦綸纖維表面的元素組成和基團變化,研究了CaCl_2在錦綸纖維改性過程中反應機理;通過場發(fā)射掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察了改性前后錦綸纖維的表面形貌的變化;通過X-射線衍射來研究錦綸纖維晶型和結晶度的變化。發(fā)現(xiàn)CaCl_2可以和錦綸纖維分子鏈中的羰基發(fā)生絡合反應,破壞了錦綸纖維分子鏈間的氫鍵,改性后的錦綸纖維表面化學組成發(fā)生改變,絡合作用能夠破壞錦綸纖維分子鏈的規(guī)整性,進而破壞錦綸纖維的結晶區(qū)域,降低錦綸纖維的結晶度,從而對錦綸纖維表面進行刻蝕,使錦綸纖維表面形成溝槽,表面粗糙度增大。(3)通過層間剪切強度和斷面SEM形貌,研究了錦綸纖維增強環(huán)氧樹脂復合材料的界面粘接性能的變化,并尋找最佳處理條件。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)對于錦綸66CaCl_2乙醇溶液,濃度為5 wt%時處理效果最好,對于錦綸6CaCl_2乙醇溶液,濃度為3 wt%時處理效果最好,錦綸纖維/環(huán)氧樹脂復合材料的ILSS提升最大。(4)研究了纖維表面改性后與橡膠基體的界面粘接強度,發(fā)現(xiàn)絡合處理在錦綸纖維表面產(chǎn)生的溝槽可以增加了錦綸纖維的比表面積,這增大了錦綸纖維與橡膠基體的結合面積以及機械螯合力。對于處理后的錦綸66纖維/天然橡膠復合材料的拉伸強度和300%定伸都有提高,復合材料的撕裂性能最大提高了40%;對于處理后的錦綸6纖維/天然橡膠復合材料的拉伸強度和300%定伸也都有提高,復合材料的撕裂性能最大提高了7.2%,提升的幅度有限。
[Abstract]:Nylon fiber has excellent thermal stability, mechanical properties, wear resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, in clothing, home textile, rubber products. Rope and other industrial fields are widely used. However, when nylon fiber is reinforced with polymer materials, it has a high crystallinity of nylon fiber, which results in smooth surface and low chemical activity. This results in poor interfacial adhesion between nylon fiber and polymer matrix. Therefore, the surface modification of polyamide fiber reinforced polymer material is needed to improve the interfacial adhesion between polyamide fiber and polymer matrix. In this paper, a new modification method is used to treat the surface of nylon fiber. (. 1) the surface modification of nylon fiber was carried out by CaCl_2. In order to determine the solvent of solution treatment, the effect of CaCl_2 solution with different solvents on the treatment of nylon fiber was studied. The treatment effect of water and ethanol as solvent was observed and compared by SEM. It is found that the effect of ethanol as solvent is better than that of water in complexation modification treatment. The elemental composition and group changes of the surface of polyamide fiber by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). The reaction mechanism of CaCl_2 in the modification of nylon fiber was studied. The surface morphology of nylon fiber before and after modification was observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The change of crystalline form and crystallinity of polyamide fiber was studied by X-ray diffraction. It was found that CaCl_2 could react with carbonyl group in the molecular chain of nylon fiber and destroy the hydrogen bond between the molecular chains of nylon fiber. The surface chemical composition of the modified nylon fiber is changed, the complexation can destroy the regularity of the molecular chain of the nylon fiber, and then destroy the crystalline region of the nylon fiber and reduce the crystallinity of the nylon fiber. As a result, the surface of nylon fiber was etched, the surface of nylon fiber formed grooves, and the surface roughness increased. 3) through interlaminar shear strength and cross section SEM morphology. The interfacial adhesion properties of polyamide fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites were studied and the optimum treatment conditions were found. When the concentration is 5 wt%, the treatment effect is the best, and for nylon 6CaCl2 ethanol solution, the treatment effect is the best when the concentration is 3wt%. The maximum ILSS lift of polyamide fiber / epoxy resin composite was studied. The interfacial bonding strength between the modified fiber and the rubber matrix was studied. It is found that the specific surface area of nylon fiber can be increased by the grooves produced by complexing treatment on the surface of nylon fiber. This increases the bonding area and mechanical chelating force of nylon fiber and rubber matrix. The tensile strength and 300% elongation of treated nylon 66 fiber / natural rubber composite are improved. The tear properties of the composites increased by 40%. The tensile strength and 300% elongation of the treated nylon 6 fiber / natural rubber composites were also improved. The tear properties of the composites were increased by 7.2 and the range of lifting was limited.
【學位授予單位】：貴州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ342.1;TB332

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