本文關(guān)鍵詞： 納米材料 表面增強(qiáng)拉曼散射 結(jié)構(gòu)各向異性 花狀金納米顆粒 六八面體金納米顆粒 可控制備　出處：《南京郵電大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：金屬納米顆粒由于其獨(dú)特的光學(xué)、電子學(xué)和催化性能而在生物學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)、光學(xué)、催化和納米電子學(xué)等領(lǐng)域引起了廣泛的興趣,如何實(shí)現(xiàn)貴金屬納米材料的可控制備,是當(dāng)前納米材料研究的熱點(diǎn)。目前,具有花狀、枝杈狀和多面體結(jié)構(gòu)的各向異性金納米顆粒由于結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性,表現(xiàn)獨(dú)特的表面增強(qiáng)拉曼散射性能和潛在的應(yīng)用價(jià)值,但是結(jié)構(gòu)各向異性金納米顆粒的可控制備仍是材料制備及應(yīng)用有待解決的瓶頸問題。本論文旨在研究結(jié)構(gòu)各向異性(包括花狀和六八面體)金納米顆粒的形貌可控、光學(xué)特性可調(diào)的制備技術(shù),探索納米材料的生長(zhǎng)過程及機(jī)理,研究材料的SERS特性。本論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容主要分為以下三個(gè)方面:(1)提出了一種繡球花狀金納米顆粒及其便捷地可控制備方法和生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理。以氯金酸(HAuCl4)為金鹽、抗壞血酸(AA)還原劑,在十六烷基三甲基氯化銨(CTAC)表面活性劑中,一步制備得到繡球花狀金納米顆粒,且制備得到的繡球花狀金納米顆粒產(chǎn)率高、單分散性和穩(wěn)定性好,顆粒形貌及光學(xué)特性從可見光到近紅外的可控可調(diào)。研究表明繡球花狀金納米顆粒表面具有豐富的SERS“熱點(diǎn)”,表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的SERS增強(qiáng)性能,實(shí)現(xiàn)了單顆粒SERS檢測(cè);(2)在上述金納米花生長(zhǎng)液中加入硝酸銀,通過調(diào)節(jié)Ag+的加入量和反應(yīng)條件的控制,制備得到新型花狀金納米結(jié)構(gòu)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了金納米顆粒形貌和光學(xué)特性的可控可調(diào);通過SERS特性表征,研究了花狀金納米顆粒的表面增強(qiáng)特性及其隨顆粒形貌變化的規(guī)律;(3)研究并提出了基于種子生長(zhǎng)法可控制備六八面體金納米顆粒的技術(shù),通過調(diào)控反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)試劑投料量等反應(yīng)條件,實(shí)現(xiàn)了金納米顆粒形貌從枝杈狀到六八面體金納米顆粒的結(jié)構(gòu)可控制備和光學(xué)特性從近紅外到可見光波段的可控可調(diào)。SERS表征結(jié)果表明制備得到的金納米顆粒具有優(yōu)異的SERS增強(qiáng)性能。
[Abstract]:Metal nanoparticles due to their unique optical, electronic and catalytic properties in biology, medicine, optics, catalysis and Nano Electronics has aroused the widespread interest, how to realize the controllable preparation of noble metal nano materials, nano materials is a hot topic of current research. At present, with flower shaped, dendritic and polyhedron structure anisotropic gold nanoparticles because of its special structure, unique performance of the surface enhanced Raman scattering properties and potential application value, but still controlled preparation of material preparation and application to solve the bottleneck problem of the structure of anisotropic gold nanoparticles. This thesis aims to study the structural anisotropy (including flower and 68 sides) controllable morphology of gold nanoparticles, preparation technology of tunable optical properties, to explore the growth mechanism of nano materials, characterization of SERS materials. The research contents of this thesis Mainly divided into the following three aspects: (1) proposed a hydrangea shaped gold nanoparticles and easily controlled preparation methods and growth mechanism. Using chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) as the salt, reducing agent, ascorbic acid (AA) in the sixteen alkyl three methyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) surfactant. One step preparation of Hydrangea shaped gold nanoparticles, and the prepared Hydrangea shaped gold nanoparticles with high yield, good monodispersity and stability, morphology and optical properties of particles from visible to near infrared controllable adjustable. The research showed that Hydrangea shaped Au nanoparticles surface has a rich SERS "hot spots, showing excellent SERS performance enhancement, the single particle SERS detection; (2) adding silver nitrate solution for growing flowers in the gold nanoparticles, controlled by adjusting the amount of Ag+ and the reaction conditions, the preparation of new gold nano flower like structure and the realization of the gold nano particle shape Controllable morphology and optical properties can be adjusted; through SERS characterization, on the surface of flower like gold nanoparticles enhanced properties and particle morphology changes with the law; (3) study and put forward the seed growth method controlled preparation of 68 surface gold nanoparticle based technology, by adjusting the reaction temperature, reagent dosage the quantity of material such as reaction conditions, structure of the gold nanoparticles morphology from dendritic to the 68 surface of gold nanoparticles can be controlled synthesis and optical properties from near infrared to visible light controllable adjustable.SERS. The results showed that gold nanoparticles prepared with excellent SERS performance enhancement.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.1

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