本文關鍵詞：二氧化鈦納米帶及其復合材料的制備與性能研究　出處：《江蘇大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 二氧化鈦納米帶 羅丹明B 光催化性能 氣敏性能

【摘要】：工業(yè)發(fā)展帶來社會進步的同時,也造成了諸多環(huán)境問題的產(chǎn)生。有機染料是紡織產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)生的工業(yè)廢水中的常見污染物,即使少量的有機染料也會造成大面積的水體污染,對水環(huán)境及人體健康造成危害。傳統(tǒng)的水污染處理方法雖工藝純熟,但是存在著處理步驟繁瑣或者處理效果欠佳的缺點。半導體光催化技術可以對有機廢水進行深度處理,處理效率較高。二氧化鈦納米材料無毒、易制備、價廉,是常用的光催化劑之一。工業(yè)二氧化鈦粉末(P25)的光催化效果好,但是其納米粒徑小,難回收,直接將P25用于光催化水處理不僅會增加治理成本,而且有可能對水體產(chǎn)生二次污染。一維二氧化鈦納米材料因為其特殊的形貌,容易通過過濾回收,近年來被人們廣泛研究。同時,空氣污染問題催生氣體傳感器快速發(fā)展。在氣敏傳感器中,氣敏材料是最核心的部分。二氧化鈦既是良好的光催化劑,又對多種氣體具有氣體敏感性,是一種多功能的納米材料。同二氧化鈦納米顆粒相比,一維二氧化鈦納米材料的載流子容易沿著長軸方向移動,降低了由于大量晶界存在而損失電子的可能性,理論上是更為理想的氣敏材料。所以,本課題通過簡單水熱法制備出二氧化鈦帶狀材料,以此為研究基體對TiO_2納米帶進行了表面粗化、摻雜改性、半導體復合等工作,以期提高其光催化性能、氣敏性能及可回收性能。本文的具體研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:(1)用酸輔助法制備出表面粗化的二氧化鈦納米帶。所制備的納米帶主要為銳鈦礦型,納米帶長達數(shù)微米至數(shù)十微米,直徑為100-200 nm,表面粗糙。對制備的粗化二氧化鈦進行了光催化和氣敏性能的測試結(jié)果表明,制備的表面粗化的二氧化鈦納米帶具有較好的光催化和氣敏性能。通過改變水熱時間,酸蝕時間以及煅燒溫度等實驗參數(shù),研究了其對二氧化鈦納米帶的微觀形貌和光催化性能的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,隨著水熱時間的增加,納米帶有向納米管發(fā)展的趨勢;酸蝕時間越長,光催化性能越好,但是當酸蝕時間為24 h時,納米帶的帶狀結(jié)構(gòu)會遭到破壞;煅燒溫度為500 oC,鈦酸帶可由鈦酸轉(zhuǎn)變成為銳鈦礦晶型,繼續(xù)增加煅燒溫度,納米帶帶狀結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞,銳鈦礦相向金紅石相轉(zhuǎn)變。(2)用簡單的酸蝕輔助法制備出表面粗糙的二氧化鈦納米帶,在此基礎上用共沉淀法制備出雙組份Fe_3O_4-TiO_2,并對其用貴金屬銀進行表面修飾,得到Ag@Fe_3O_4-TiO_2一維磁性可回收光催化納米材料。所制備樣品的帶狀直徑為100-200 nm,納米帶表面納米粒子直徑為5-30 nm。三組份Ag@Fe_3O_4-TiO_2一維納米材料不僅具有良好的光催化性能,同時具有磁性,可以用吸鐵石將其從溶液中分離出來。三組份Ag@Fe_3O_4-TiO_2光催化活性的增加的原因是由于Ag在納米帶表面形成陷阱,捕捉光生電子,有效防止了電子-空穴對的復合湮滅。(3)用簡單水熱法制備了二氧化鈦納米帶,在此基礎上用浸漬燒結(jié)法制備了Zn O/TiO_2納米材料。所制備帶狀樣品的直徑為100-200 nm,Zn O/TiO_2納米材料表面氧化鋅納米粒子直徑為40-50 nm。同純相二氧化鈦納米帶相比,一維復合Zn O/TiO_2納米材料不僅具有更好的光催化活性(80 min內(nèi)Zn O/TiO_2納米材料對羅丹明B的紫外光降解率為94.4%,而在相同的時間內(nèi)二氧化鈦納米帶羅丹明溶液的降解率為85.0%),其對丙酮氣體的氣敏性能也有所提高(更低的工作溫度,好的選擇性,更短的響應恢復時間)。
[Abstract]:Bring the social progress and industrial development, also caused many environmental problems. Organic dyes are common pollutants in industrial wastewater generated in the textile industry, even a small amount of organic dyes can cause a large area of water pollution, the harm to the water environment and human health. Although the traditional method of water pollution treatment technology proficient. But there is a poor treatment or treatment effect of tedious steps shortcomings. Semiconductor photocatalytic technology can be used for advanced treatment of organic wastewater, high processing efficiency. Titanium dioxide nano materials are non-toxic, easy preparation, low price, light is one of the commonly used industrial catalyst. TiO2 powder (P25) photocatalytic effect is good, but the size of nanoparticles small, difficult to recycle, directly to the P25 for photocatalytic water treatment will not only increase the cost of governance, and may have two pollution of water bodies. One dimensional two titanium dioxide nano material The material because of its special morphology, easily recovered by filtration, have been widely studied in recent years. At the same time, the problem of air pollution led to the rapid development of gas sensors. In gas sensor, gas sensitive material is the core part. Titanium dioxide photocatalyst is good, but also has the gas sensitivity to gases, is a nano material multi function. Compared with the TiO2 nanoparticles carrier, one-dimensional TiO2 nanometer material easily along the long axis direction, reduces the loss due to the large number of grain boundary and electronic possibility theory is more ideal gas sensitive materials. Therefore, this paper through a simple hydrothermal method to prepare titanium dioxide strip material to the surface of the coarse as the research base of TiO_2 nanobelts, doping, composite semiconductors and so on, in order to improve its photocatalytic properties, gas sensitivity and Recyclable. . the specific contents and results are as follows: (1) by acid assisted preparation of nano titanium dioxide surface roughening zone. The nano belt is mainly anatase nano with tens of microns to tens of microns in diameter, 100-200 nm, surface roughness of TiO2 were prepared by coarsening the photocatalytic and gas sensing properties of the test results show that the TiO2 surface roughening preparation with high photocatalytic and gas sensing properties. By changing the hydrothermal time, experimental parameters of etching time and calcination temperature, influence of microstructure and photocatalytic properties of two titanium dioxide nanobelts the results show that, with the increase of hydrothermal time, with the trend of the development of nanotube to nano; etching time is longer, the photocatalytic performance is better, but when the etching time is 24 h, the zonal structure nano belt will be destroyed; The calcination temperature is 500 oC, can be transformed into titanate with titanate anatase, continue to increase in calcination temperature, nano strip structure was destroyed, the transformation of anatase to rutile. (2) by acid assisted method simple prepared titanium dioxide nano rough surface with prepared two-component Fe_3O_4-TiO_2 by co precipitation on this basis, and the noble metal silver surface modification, Ag@Fe_3O_4-TiO_2 one-dimensional magnetic Recyclable photocatalytic nano materials. The diameter of the samples prepared for 100-200 band nm, the surface of the nanoparticle with diameter of 5-30 nm. three component Ag@Fe_3O_4-TiO_2 one-dimensional nano material has good photocatalytic properties, it is magnetic you can use the magnet, separated from the solution. The three component due to the increase in the photocatalytic activity of Ag@Fe_3O_4-TiO_2 is due to Ag in the nanobelts formed on the surface of the trap, capture The photogenerated electrons, effectively prevent the recombination of electron hole pairs annihilation. (3) by a simple hydrothermal preparation of TiO2 nanobelts, on the basis of Zn was prepared by impregnation sintering of O/TiO_2 nano materials. The prepared samples with diameter of 100-200 nm, Zinc Oxide Zn O/TiO_2 nano material surface diameter of 40-50 nanoparticles nm. with pure TiO2 nanobelts compared the photocatalytic activity of Zn nano O/TiO_2 one-dimensional composite material not only has better (UV degradation of Luo Danming B 80 min Zn O/TiO_2 rate was 94.4% and the titanium dioxide nano materials, at the same time with the degradation of nano Luo Danming solution was 85%), the acetone gas sensitive performance also improved (lower working temperature, good selectivity, shorter response time and recovery time).

【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703;TB33

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相關期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號：1410855