本文關(guān)鍵詞：一維ZnO@ZnS核殼結(jié)構(gòu)納米材料的制備及其性能研究　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 一維納米材料 半導(dǎo)體材料 光催化劑

【摘要】：近年來直接帶隙寬禁帶半導(dǎo)體ZnO被廣泛研究,較大帶隙(3.37eV)和較高激子復(fù)合能(60meV)使得ZnO成為較為適合做藍(lán)、紫外光電設(shè)備的材料之一。其獨(dú)特的物理化學(xué)特性,使其在很多領(lǐng)域都有應(yīng)用潛力,如傳感器,場效應(yīng)管,太陽能電池電極,納米發(fā)電機(jī)等。垂直對齊的ZnO納米線陣列,由于其特殊的一維結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)特的性能而被廣泛研究。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,通過控制生長條件來合成形態(tài)和質(zhì)量良好的納米線是提高應(yīng)用器件性能的關(guān)鍵。當(dāng)ZnO和ZnS結(jié)合為ZnO@ZnS核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的納米線陣列時(shí),ZnS作為功能層處于ZnO核和外界環(huán)境中間,這將極大的改變ZnO核的性能。因此,ZnO@ZnS核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的納米線陣列已經(jīng)被報(bào)道對于器件性能的改善有很大的作用,比如,較好的光致發(fā)光,提高染料敏華太陽能電池的效率等。本文的主要工作如下:(1)利用微波輔助水溶液化學(xué)法在FTO玻璃襯底上制備了氧化鋅納米線陣列,通過自制的連續(xù)滴加溶液裝置,實(shí)現(xiàn)了在較短時(shí)間內(nèi)生長出超長的ZnO納米線陣列。研究表明隨著反應(yīng)時(shí)間的增加,ZnO納米線陣列的長度呈線性增加。通過對比不同種類的鋅鹽作為反應(yīng)原料合成的ZnO納米線陣列的形貌和長徑比,發(fā)現(xiàn)采用醋酸鋅作為鋅源所合成的ZnO納米線陣列生長速度較快,底部融合較少。因此醋酸鋅是短時(shí)間內(nèi)合成超長的ZnO納米線陣列的理想鋅源。(2)采用醋酸鋅作為鋅源所生長的ZnO納米線陣列結(jié)晶性良好,密度適中。對該納米線陣列進(jìn)行光催化測試,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著納米線長度的增加,其對甲基橙染料的降解速率增加。原因可總結(jié)為以下兩點(diǎn):一、我們所合成的納米線具有獨(dú)特的一維結(jié)構(gòu),為其光生電子的傳輸提供了良好的通道,利于光生電子-空穴的分離,進(jìn)而提高了樣品的催化效果。二、該ZnO納米線具有較大的比表面積,為其污染物的附著提供了廣闊的面積,從而提高了 ZnO納米線的光催化效果。(3)在成功制備了一維ZnO納米線的基礎(chǔ)上,采用氣相硫化法將ZnO表面一層硫化為ZnS,從而得到了 ZnO@ZnS核殼結(jié)構(gòu)納米線陣列,該樣品仍然結(jié)晶性良好、排列整齊。通過控制硫化時(shí)間的長短,可以調(diào)控納米線表面ZnS層的厚度。并且其光催化效果優(yōu)于單純的ZnO納米線陣列,對于今后納米復(fù)合材料在污水凈化研究中的研究提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, direct bandgap wide band gap semiconductor (ZnO) has been widely studied. The larger band gap (3.37 EV) and the higher exciton compound energy (60 MEV) make ZnO more suitable for blue. Because of its unique physical and chemical properties, it has potential applications in many fields, such as sensors, field effect tubes, and solar cell electrodes. ZnO nanowire arrays with vertical alignment have been widely studied because of their special one-dimensional structure and unique properties. The key to improve the performance of application devices is to synthesize nanowires with good morphology and quality by controlling the growth conditions. When ZnO and ZnS are combined to form nanowire arrays with ZnO@ZnS core-shell structure. As a functional layer, ZnS is in the middle of the ZnO core and the external environment, which will greatly change the performance of the ZnO core. Nanowire arrays with ZnO@ZnS core-shell structure have been reported to have great effect on the improvement of device performance, for example, better photoluminescence. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) ZnO nanowire arrays were prepared on FTO glass substrate by microwave-assisted aqueous solution chemistry. An ultra-long ZnO nanowire array was grown in a short time by a self-made continuous dripping device. The results show that the nanowire array grows with the increase of reaction time. The length of ZnO nanowire arrays increased linearly. The morphology and aspect ratio of ZnO nanowire arrays synthesized from different zinc salts were compared. It was found that the ZnO nanowire array synthesized by zinc acetate as a zinc source had a faster growth rate. Therefore zinc acetate is the ideal zinc source for the synthesis of ultra-long ZnO nanowire arrays in a short time.) the ZnO nanowire arrays grown by zinc acetate have good crystallinity. The photocatalytic test of the nanowire array shows that the degradation rate of methyl orange dyes increases with the increase of nanowire length. The reasons can be summarized as follows: 1. The synthesized nanowires have a unique one-dimensional structure, which provides a good channel for photoelectron transport, is conducive to the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, and improves the catalytic effect of the samples. The ZnO nanowires have a large specific surface area, which provides a wide area for the adhesion of the pollutants. Therefore, the photocatalytic effect of ZnO nanowires was improved. On the basis of successfully preparing one-dimensional ZnO nanowires, the surface layer of ZnO was vulcanized to ZnS by gas phase vulcanization. The ZnO@ZnS core-shell nanowire arrays were obtained. The samples were still well crystallized and arranged neatly, and the curing time was controlled. It can control the thickness of ZnS layer on the surface of nanowires, and its photocatalytic effect is better than that of simple ZnO nanowire arrays, which provides an experimental basis for the future research of nanocomposites in wastewater purification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O643.36;TB383.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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