本文關(guān)鍵詞：多孔碳材料的形貌控制及其表征、應(yīng)用　出處：《河北科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 多孔碳 纖維狀 空心結(jié)構(gòu) 氮摻雜 吸附性能 電化學(xué)性能

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟社會的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致的溫室效應(yīng)和能源短缺問題日益嚴重,為了解決這些問題,進一步開發(fā)新的吸附材料和儲能材料勢在必行。近年來,由于多孔碳材料具有大的比表面積和孔容、孔結(jié)構(gòu)可調(diào)、容易表面改性、結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定等特點吸引了眾多關(guān)注,可應(yīng)用于氣體吸附和能量存儲等方面。因此,本論文制備出不同的多孔碳材料,并研究了其在氣體吸附和電化學(xué)儲能方面的應(yīng)用。論文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1)采用簡單的一鍋法,以間苯二酚-甲醛樹脂為碳源,十六烷基三甲基溴化銨為表面活性劑,九水硅酸鈉為助劑,制備出了纖維狀介孔碳材料。采用掃描和透射電子顯微鏡對所得樣品進行了表征,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)樣品具有纖維狀形貌并存在無序介孔結(jié)構(gòu)。所制備的樣品具有較高的比表面積(1257 m2 g-1),均一的介孔(4.0 nm)。電化學(xué)測試結(jié)果表明,該材料具有良好的電容性能和循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性,可作為電極材料應(yīng)用于超級電容器中。2)以多巴胺做為碳、氮源,正硅酸乙酯做為結(jié)構(gòu)助劑,采用改進的St?ber法制備了氮摻雜空心碳球。利用正硅酸乙酯的水解速率大于多巴胺的聚合速率,正硅酸乙酯先水解形成硅球,并做為內(nèi)核,使多巴胺在其表面自聚合,形成聚多巴胺殼。再經(jīng)過碳化、溶硅等步驟,制備得到氮摻雜空心碳球。通過改變合成體系中乙醇和水的體積比,可實現(xiàn)對其形貌的可控制備。在25℃和常壓下,其二氧化碳吸附量高達3.09 mmol g-1,并具有良好的二氧化碳吸附穩(wěn)定性。3)以工業(yè)化的氧化石墨烯為原料,硅球為硬模板,尿素作為還原-摻雜劑成功制備出氮摻雜石墨烯空心球。實驗結(jié)果表明,氧化石墨烯的用量以及是否對其進行預(yù)處理這兩個因素可以影響該材料的球形形貌。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),摻氮可以提高該材料的比電容。氮摻雜石墨烯空心球表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)良的電容性能和循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性能。本研究使用工業(yè)化的氧化石墨烯和廉價的尿素為原料,為其大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)提供了可能性,同時,也為工業(yè)化氧化石墨烯的進一步應(yīng)用提供了研究基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The greenhouse effect and energy shortages led to the rapid development of economy and society is becoming more and more serious, in order to solve these problems, the further development of new adsorption material and energy storage materials is imperative. In recent years, due to the porous carbon material with high surface area and pore structure of Kong Rong, adjustable, easy surface modification, the characteristics of stable structure to attract a lot of attention, can be used in gas adsorption and energy storage and so on. Therefore, the preparation of porous carbon materials are different, and studied its application in gas adsorption and electrochemical energy storage. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows: 1) by one pot method simple, resorcinol formaldehyde resin carbon source, sixteen alkyl three methyl bromide as surfactant, sodium silicate nine water as additives, prepared mesoporous carbon fibrous material. The samples were using scanning and transmission electron microscopy Sign, the sample results showed that the fibrous morphology and disordered mesoporous structure. The prepared samples have high surface area (1257 M2 g-1), mesoporous uniform (4 nm). The electrochemical test results show that the material has good capacitor performance and cycle stability, can be used as the electrode materials super capacitor.2) using dopamine as carbon source, nitrogen, TEOS as additive, using improved St? Nitrogen doped hollow carbon spheres were prepared by BER. The rate of polymerization using the hydrolysis rate of TEOS is greater than dopamine, ethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis first formed silica spheres, and to do the kernel, on the surface of dopamine self polymerization, the formation of polydopamine shell. After carbonization, soluble silicon steps, preparing nitrogen doped hollow carbon spheres. By changing the synthetic system of ethanol and water volume ratio, can be realized on the morphology controlled preparation. At 25 DEG C and Under normal pressure, the carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of up to 3.09 mmol g-1, and.3 has good stability in carbon dioxide adsorption) of graphene oxide industrialization as raw material, silica spheres as hard templates, urea as reducing dopant were prepared n-doped graphene hollow spheres. The experimental results show that the amounts of graphene oxide and whether the pretreatment of these two factors can affect the morphology of the spherical material. The study found that the material to improve specific capacitance. Nitrogen doping can be nitrogen doped graphene hollow spheres exhibit good capacitor performance and cycle stability. This study used the industrialization of graphene oxide and cheap urea as raw material, provide the possibility for the mass production at the same time, also provides a research foundation for further application of the industrialization of graphene oxide.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ127.11;TB383.4

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本文編號：1404155