本文關(guān)鍵詞：金納米顆粒對有機太陽能電池性能影響的研究　出處：《太原理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 有機太陽能電池 金納米顆粒 二氧化硅包覆 表面等離子體

【摘要】：有機太陽能電池以其材料和可卷對卷工業(yè)制造的雙重優(yōu)勢逐漸成為了光伏技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的新生力量。最新研究進展表明，有機太陽能電池的能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率已經(jīng)被提升至12%左右，同時低成本投入的有機太陽能電池產(chǎn)業(yè)化制造已經(jīng)開始出現(xiàn)。有機太陽能電池的潛在應用包括太陽能發(fā)電廠，便攜式電子設(shè)備，半透明太陽能電池窗戶，建筑物或者公共設(shè)施等領(lǐng)域。 由于有機半導體相對較短的激子擴散長度以及較低的載流子遷移率，有機太陽能電池中的活性層厚度被限制在100nm左右。這大大降低了光吸收的效率，由此導致的光生激子損耗使得薄膜有機太陽能電池的應用受到限制。在有機太陽能電池中，一種可行的方案是盡可能的提高活性層的光吸收，，迄今為止，利用不同光捕獲方法提高有機太陽能電池的光吸收已被廣泛報道，其中包括抗反射涂層、光子晶體及表面等離子體納米結(jié)構(gòu)的使用。表面等離子體納米結(jié)構(gòu)通過局域表面等離子體共振效應引起近場增強成為了提高太陽能電池光吸收的有效途徑。可應用于光捕獲的表面等離子體結(jié)構(gòu)分為兩類：納米光柵和納米顆粒。表面等離子體光柵需要復雜的納米制造技術(shù)來生成周期性的結(jié)構(gòu)，對于投入成本而言是個很大的挑戰(zhàn)，而表面等離子體納米顆�？梢酝ㄟ^低成本的方法進行合成，使其成為有機太陽能電池中光捕獲結(jié)構(gòu)的較佳選擇。 在本工作中，我們通過在有機太陽能電池的空穴傳輸層和活性層界面引入二氧化硅包覆的金納米棒顆粒，利用表面等離子體共振效應使電池性能得到了顯著提高。二氧化硅外殼防止了金納米棒在乙醇溶液中的團聚以及金納米棒表面嚴重電荷復合的發(fā)生，否則金納米棒在界面位置的直接引入將會導致開路電壓的大幅度降低。研究表明，二氧化硅包覆金納米棒的引入保證了開路電壓的穩(wěn)定，同時增大了有機太陽能電池的短路電流，能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率較標準器件提高了11%。針對二氧化硅包覆金納米棒顆粒對有機太陽能電池性能提升的機制，本論文利用形貌、光學、電學以及理論模擬進行了系統(tǒng)的分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，寬譜帶的光吸收增強導致了活性層中激子產(chǎn)生的增多，這是導致短路電流密度提高的主要因素。模擬結(jié)果表明單個的金納米棒顆粒所激發(fā)的橫向及縱向表面等離子體共振效應以及金納米棒顆粒之間的相互耦合效應可以在金納米棒附近產(chǎn)生強電場，由此提高了活性層的激子產(chǎn)生率，同時二氧化硅包覆金納米棒的引入也改善了有機太陽能電池中的空穴提取。
[Abstract]:Organic solar cells have become a new force in the field of photovoltaic technology because of their dual advantages of material and rewinding industry manufacturing. The latest research progress shows that organic solar cells have become a new force in the field of photovoltaic technology. The energy conversion efficiency of organic solar cells has been raised to around 12%. At the same time, low-cost, industrial manufacturing of organic solar cells has begun to emerge. Potential applications for organic solar cells include solar power plants, portable electronic devices, and translucent solar cell windows. A field such as a building or public utility. Due to the relatively short exciton diffusion length and low carrier mobility of organic semiconductor, the thickness of active layer in organic solar cells is limited to about 100 nm, which greatly reduces the efficiency of optical absorption. The application of thin film organic solar cells is limited by the photoinduced exciton loss. In organic solar cells, a feasible solution is to improve the absorption of active layer as much as possible, so far. Improving the optical absorption of organic solar cells by different light capture methods has been widely reported, including anti-reflection coatings. The use of photonic crystals and surface plasma nanostructures. The near field enhancement of surface plasmon nanostructures through local surface plasmon resonance effect has become an effective way to improve the photoabsorption of solar cells. There are two types of surface plasma structures for photocapture:. Nanocrystalline gratings and nanoparticles. Surface plasma gratings require complex nanofabrication techniques to generate periodic structures. It is a great challenge to input cost, and surface plasma nanoparticles can be synthesized by low-cost method, making them a better choice for photocapture structure in organic solar cells. In this work, silica coated gold nanorods are introduced into the hole transport layer and active layer interface of organic solar cells. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect was used to improve the performance of the cell. The silica shell prevented the agglomeration of gold nanorods in ethanol solution and the serious surface charge recombination of gold nanorods. Otherwise, the direct introduction of gold nanorods at the interface will lead to a significant decrease in open circuit voltage. The results show that the introduction of silica coated gold nanorods ensures the stability of open circuit voltage. At the same time, the short-circuit current of the organic solar cell is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is increased by 11% compared with the standard device. In this paper, the morphology, optics, electricity and theoretical simulation were systematically analyzed. It was found that the enhancement of optical absorption in the wide band led to the increase of exciton production in the active layer. The simulation results show that the transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect induced by a single gold nanorod particle and the coupling effect between au nanorods and nanorods can be attributed to the increase of short-circuit current density. To create a strong electric field near the gold nanorods. As a result, the exciton production rate of the active layer is improved, and the hole extraction in organic solar cells is improved by the introduction of silica coated gold nanorods.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM914.4;TB383.1

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 楊新國,孫景志,汪茫,陳紅征,黃驥;卟啉類光電功能材料的研究進展[J];功能材料;2003年02期

本文編號：1392451