本文關(guān)鍵詞：脲醛及蜜胺樹脂多孔材料的制備及應(yīng)用研究　出處：《齊魯工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 脲醛樹脂 蜜胺樹脂 溶解度差異 多孔材料 蜜胺樹脂微球

【摘要】：脲醛樹脂和蜜胺(三聚氰胺-甲醛)樹脂是兩種最簡單的氨基樹脂,具有生產(chǎn)成本低、工藝簡單,產(chǎn)品阻燃性能好,熱穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)異等優(yōu)點,現(xiàn)廣泛地應(yīng)用于涂料、粘接劑、模塑品、餐具、電器制品等領(lǐng)域。本文以脲醛樹脂和蜜胺樹脂為基體,根據(jù)致孔劑在水、樹脂、有機溶劑中的溶解度不同的原理,設(shè)計出了溶解度差異法制備脲醛及蜜胺樹脂多孔材料。我們提出的溶解度差異法與傳統(tǒng)多孔材料的制備方法相比具有以下優(yōu)點：(1)致孔劑無需被制備成特定的形狀與尺寸,直接將其溶解于有機溶劑如丙酮、無水乙醇中,然后加入樹脂溶液中,致孔劑由于溶解度的突然降低,在樹脂體系中析出晶狀顆粒,樹脂固化后,將致孔劑移除達到致孔的目的；(2)致孔劑可以回收和重復(fù)利用,將致孔劑用有機溶劑移除后,從有機溶劑中分離出來,致孔劑和有機溶劑可以循環(huán)使用；(3)多孔材料的制備過程中不產(chǎn)生廢酸廢堿,不僅降低了生產(chǎn)成本,而且綠色環(huán)保；(4)由于不使用強酸強堿來移除致孔劑,所以制備出的多孔樹脂材料中含有大量的胺基與亞胺基等活性官能團,有利于多孔材料的接枝改性及實際應(yīng)用。本文以制備出的脲醛及蜜胺樹脂多孔材料為吸附劑,進行吸附重金屬離子研究。研究表明,蜜胺與脲醛樹脂多孔材料對鎘離子的吸附過程符合Langmuir和pseudo-second-order模型。多種干擾例子如Pb(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), Cr(Ⅲ), Na+和K+等的存在對多孔氨基樹脂材料移除鎘離子的影響很小,并且,蜜胺與脲醛樹脂多孔材料對Pb(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), Cr(Ⅲ)也具有良好的吸附能力和移除率,除此之外,蜜胺與脲醛樹脂多孔材料在經(jīng)過多次循環(huán)使用后依然對鎘離子具有良好的移除率和吸附能力。此外,本論文內(nèi)容還包括蜜胺樹脂微球的制備,傳統(tǒng)微球的制備過程中使用了大量的分散劑、乳化劑等表面活性劑,但在后續(xù)處理過程中難以完全去除,仍有大量表面活性劑包覆在微球表面,影響微球的接枝改性及應(yīng)用。本論文在不使用表面活性劑下制備出表面光滑、尺寸均一可控的蜜胺樹脂微球,并且考察了反應(yīng)物摩爾比、反應(yīng)時間、反應(yīng)溫度、原料與水的比例等影響因素對微球形貌、尺寸等性質(zhì)的影響,所制備出的微球在催化劑載體、吸附等領(lǐng)域具有重大的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Urea formaldehyde resin and melamine (melamine formaldehyde resin) is the two most simple amino resin, has low production cost, simple process, good flame retardant products, excellent thermal stability and other advantages, is widely used in coating, adhesive, molding, tableware, products and other fields. In this paper, UF appliances resin and melamine resin as the base, according to the porogen in water, resin, principle of different solubility in organic solvents, designed by amine resin porous material of urea formaldehyde and honey solubility difference method. The difference of solubility method and traditional porous materials for our proposed method compared with the following advantages: (1 porogen) do not need to be prepared into specific shape and size, it directly dissolved in organic solvents such as acetone, ethanol, and then adding the resin solution and porogen due to sudden drop in solubility of resin system precipitated crystalline particles, After the resin curing, the porogen removal reached porogenated; (2) porogen can be recycled and reused, the porogen with organic solvent removed, separated from the organic solvent can be recycled, porogenic agent and organic solvent; (3) the preparation does not produce waste in the process of acid and alkali from porous materials, not only reduces the production cost, and environmental protection; (4) the use of acid alkali to remove porogen, so prepared porous resin material contains a large number of amino and imino functional groups, with and actual application of grafting for porous materials. In this paper, the prepared urea formaldehyde and melamine resin porous materials as adsorbent, the adsorption of heavy metal ions. The results show that the adsorption process of melamine and urea formaldehyde resin porous materials for cadmium ion with Langmuir and pseudo-second-order model. A variety of interference (for example Pb II), Cu (II), Cr (III), Na+ and K+ influence on porous amino resin material removal of cadmium ions is very small, and the melamine and urea formaldehyde resin porous materials of Pb (II), Cu (II), Cr (III) also has good adsorption ability and removal rate, in addition, melamine and urea formaldehyde resin in porous materials through the cycle of repeated use of cadmium ions still has good removal rate and adsorption capacity. In addition, this paper also includes the melamine resin microspheres, large amounts of dispersant use the traditional preparation process of microspheres, emulsifier the surface active agent, but in the subsequent treatment process is difficult to be removed completely, there are still a lot of surfactant coated on the surface of microspheres, microspheres effect of grafting modification and application. In this paper, without the use of surfactants was prepared with melamine resin microspheres with smooth surface, uniform size and controllable, and the effects of the reactant The molar ratio, reaction time, reaction temperature, ratio of raw material and water factors on the influence of the size of microspheres morphology, properties of the prepared microspheres in the catalyst carrier, has important application prospect of adsorption and other fields.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：齊魯工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.4

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本文編號：1373418