【摘要】：礦井突水是僅次于煤與瓦斯突出的煤礦第二大災(zāi)害事故,誘發(fā)礦井突水的主要水源有含(導(dǎo))水陷落柱、老空水和含(導(dǎo))水?dāng)鄬拥�。因�?查明這些煤礦隱蔽致災(zāi)水源的發(fā)育位置及范圍,是避免突水事故發(fā)生的關(guān)鍵。目前,探查煤礦災(zāi)害水源的礦井地球物理方法主要有礦井直流電阻率法和礦井瞬變電磁法,其中礦井瞬變電磁法以其施工便捷、工作效率高和對低阻體反映靈敏等特點(diǎn)被廣泛應(yīng)用于煤礦災(zāi)害水源的探查,但僅限于測量發(fā)射線圈法向二次磁場分量,由于缺少水平分量的測量數(shù)據(jù)信息,不能很好確定災(zāi)害水源的分布范圍和產(chǎn)狀。因此,研究測量發(fā)射線圈二次磁場水平分量,開展二次磁場三分量響應(yīng)特征的研究,不僅具有理論意義,而且對于實(shí)際探測資料的處理和解釋具有重大的指導(dǎo)作用。本文基于礦井瞬變電磁法基本理論,依據(jù)物理模擬相似性準(zhǔn)則,采用物理模擬方法,對誘發(fā)煤礦突水的典型隱蔽致災(zāi)水源:含(導(dǎo))水陷落柱、老空水和含(導(dǎo))水?dāng)鄬尤N低阻體的瞬變電磁三分量響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了物理模擬,并針對老空水的響應(yīng)特征依據(jù)時域有限差分方法進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,選擇典型礦井進(jìn)行試驗,經(jīng)過對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析和解釋,得出如下結(jié)論:(1)當(dāng)含(導(dǎo))水陷落柱、老空水以及含(導(dǎo))水?dāng)鄬尤N低阻體關(guān)于探測測線(即X軸)對稱的情況下,測得的Z分量的瞬變電磁信號感應(yīng)信號最強(qiáng),X分量感應(yīng)信號較弱,比Z分量小一個數(shù)量級,但能通過X分量信號強(qiáng)度確定含水異常體邊界,Y分量由于低阻體關(guān)于接收線圈對稱,測得感應(yīng)信號相互抵消,因此接收到的均為空氣中干擾信號。(2)當(dāng)含(導(dǎo))水陷落柱、老空水以及含(導(dǎo))水?dāng)鄬尤N低阻體關(guān)于探測測線(即X軸)不對稱的情況下,測得的Z分量的瞬變電磁信號感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度最強(qiáng),X、Y分量感應(yīng)信號較弱,比Z分量小一個數(shù)量級,綜合多個方向探測分析X、Y分量信號感應(yīng)信號強(qiáng)度,可以劃定低阻體邊界范圍。(3)老空水三分量響應(yīng)數(shù)值模擬的實(shí)驗結(jié)果與物理模擬實(shí)驗結(jié)果一致。探測線圈臨近老空水時,Z分量有較為明顯的增大,能大致確定老空水的邊界范圍;在老空水邊界時X分量感應(yīng)信號達(dá)到最大,到達(dá)老空水中間位置時,X分量變?yōu)樽钚?Y分量因老空水關(guān)于接收線圈對稱,感應(yīng)比較弱。(4)在某礦探測老空水試驗結(jié)果與物理數(shù)值模擬實(shí)驗結(jié)果基本一致,進(jìn)一步說明三個方向分量的綜合反演解釋能更好的反映煤礦典型致災(zāi)水源的發(fā)育范圍,通過三分量的信息解釋,可以極大提高礦井瞬變電磁法的解釋精度。
[Abstract]:The water inrush in the mine is the second major disaster of the coal mine after the coal and gas outburst, and the main water source of the water inrush in the mine is the water-containing (water-guiding) water-sinking column, the old-air-water and the water-containing fault. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the development position and scope of the hidden disaster-causing water source in these coal mines, which is the key to avoid the occurrence of water-inrush accidents. At present, the mine geophysical method for the exploration of the coal mine disaster water source mainly includes the mine direct current resistivity method and the mine transient electromagnetic method, in which the mine transient electromagnetic method is widely applied to the exploration of the coal mine disaster water source by the characteristics of convenient construction, high working efficiency and sensitivity to low resistance body reflection, But only the normal secondary magnetic field component of the transmitting coil is measured, and the distribution range and the occurrence of the disaster water source cannot be well determined due to the lack of the measurement data information of the horizontal component. Therefore, the research on the secondary magnetic field level component of the transmission coil and the study of the three-component response characteristic of the secondary magnetic field is not only of theoretical significance, but also has a great guiding function for the processing and interpretation of the actual detection data. Based on the basic theory of mine transient electromagnetic method, this paper, based on the physical simulation similarity criterion, adopts the physical simulation method and the typical concealed disaster-causing water source for the water inrush in the coal mine. In this paper, the three-component response of the transient electromagnetic three-component response of the water and the water-containing fault is simulated, and the response characteristics of the old air-water are simulated by the finite difference method in the time domain. The typical mine is selected for testing, and the data is analyzed and explained. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) When the water-containing (conductive) water-fall column, the old-air water and the three low-resistance bodies with (conduction)-water faults are symmetrical with respect to the detection line (i.e., the X-axis), the induced signal of the transient electromagnetic signal of the Z-component is the strongest, and the X-component induction signal is weak, An order of magnitude is smaller than the Z component, but the boundary of the aqueous anomaly can be determined by the signal strength of the X component, and the Y component is offset against each other due to the fact that the low resistance body is symmetrical with respect to the receiving coil, so that the received signal is an interference signal in the air. (2) when the water-containing (conducting) water-sinking column, the old-air water and the three low-resistance bodies containing (conducting) water faults are not symmetrical with respect to the detection line (i.e., the X-axis), the measured Z-component transient electromagnetic signal has the strongest induction intensity, the X-and Y-component induced signals are weak, In one order of magnitude smaller than the Z component, the signal strength of the X and Y component signals is detected and analyzed in a plurality of directions, so that the boundary range of the low resistance body can be defined. And (3) the experimental results of the three-component response numerical simulation of the old air water are consistent with the physical simulation experiment results. when the detection coil is close to the old empty water, the Z component is obviously increased, so that the boundary range of the old air water can be roughly determined; when the X component induction signal reaches the maximum at the time of the old air water boundary, the X component becomes the minimum when the detection coil reaches the middle position of the old air water; The Y component is symmetrical with respect to the receiving coil due to the old air-water, and the induction is weak. (4) The result of the test of the old and empty water in a mine is basically the same as that of the physical numerical simulation experiment, and the comprehensive inversion explanation of the three directional components can be further explained, and the development range of the typical disaster-induced water source in the coal mine can be better reflected, and the three-component information interpretation is adopted, And the interpretation precision of the mine transient electromagnetic method can be greatly improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD745;P631.325

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本文編號：2505190