石化裝置安全儀表系統(tǒng)完整性等級設(shè)計方法及應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-08 08:06
【摘要】：安全儀表系統(tǒng)(SIS)作為過程工業(yè)中重要的安全控制措施,在防止事故發(fā)生和降低事故后果方面有重要的作用。然而,SIS經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)拒動作或誤跳車等現(xiàn)象,導(dǎo)致其散失安全功能。 為了避免SIS的拒動作和誤跳車,本課題對國內(nèi)石化裝置中應(yīng)用的SIS進(jìn)行總結(jié)、分類得出16大類SIS和56條安全儀表功能(SIF),并分析得出SIS的SIL等級設(shè)計不合理是其拒動作和誤跳車的主要原因。為解決以上問題,本課題提出了基于分類信息的安全儀表系統(tǒng)完整性等級設(shè)計方法,主要包括四部分：(1)HAZOP分析,確定設(shè)備是否存在高風(fēng)險偏差。(2)基于風(fēng)險分析的SIL設(shè)計,融合風(fēng)險矩陣分析和保護(hù)層分析,辨識高風(fēng)險設(shè)備需要設(shè)置SIS的SIL,并使用故障樹模型和可靠性框圖模型驗證SIL；同時使用貝葉斯估計危險失效率,提高SIL驗證的可靠性。(3)基于經(jīng)驗的SIL設(shè)計,通過辨識設(shè)備種類,并提供同類設(shè)備的SIS經(jīng)驗信息,作為SIL辨識和驗證的依據(jù)。(4)得出設(shè)計結(jié)論,綜合考慮(2)和(3)步驟中的結(jié)果,完成SIL設(shè)計。 本課題基于上述方法,利用C#和SQL數(shù)據(jù)庫開發(fā)了石化裝置安全儀表系統(tǒng)完整性等級設(shè)計軟件。軟件在傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)險分析設(shè)計SIL的基礎(chǔ)上,增加了經(jīng)驗設(shè)計SIL,并在SIL驗證部分引入貝葉斯估計,提高SIL設(shè)計的準(zhǔn)確性,有效避免SIS的拒動作和誤跳車。 本課題最后將方法與軟件應(yīng)用于蠟油加氫裝置的靜動兩類設(shè)備的SIL設(shè)計中,并以循環(huán)氫脫硫塔和循環(huán)氫壓縮機(jī)系統(tǒng)為例,說明了方法與軟件設(shè)計設(shè)備SIL的具體過程。結(jié)果表明,應(yīng)用本課題提出的SIL設(shè)計方法和軟件可以在一定程度上避免SIS的拒動作和誤跳車。
[Abstract]:As an important safety control measure in process industry, safety instrument system (SIS) plays an important role in preventing accidents and reducing accident consequences. However, SIS often appears the phenomenon of refusing to act or jumping by mistake, which leads to the loss of safety function. In order to avoid the rejection and misjump of SIS, this paper summarizes the SIS used in domestic petrochemical plants, and classifies 16 kinds of SIS and 56 safety instrument functions (SIF),. It is concluded that the unreasonable SIL grade design of SIS is the main reason for its refusal to act and jump by mistake. In order to solve the above problems, this paper puts forward a design method of safety instrument system integrity level based on classified information, which mainly includes four parts: (1) HAZOP analysis, Determine whether there is a high risk deviation of the equipment. (2) SIL design based on risk analysis, fusion risk matrix analysis and protection layer analysis, identification of high risk equipment needs to set up SIS SIL, The fault tree model and reliability block diagram model are used to verify SIL;. At the same time, Bayesian is used to estimate the risk failure rate and improve the reliability of SIL verification. (3) the empirical SIL design is based on experience, and the SIS empirical information of the same kind of equipment is provided by identifying the type of equipment. As the basis of SIL identification and verification. (4) the design conclusion is obtained, and the SIL design is completed by considering the results of (2) and (3) steps. Based on the above methods, the integrity grade design software of safety instrument system in petrochemical plant is developed by using C # and SQL database. On the basis of traditional risk analysis and design of SIL, empirical design SIL, is added and Bayesian estimation is introduced into SIL verification part to improve the accuracy of SIL design and effectively avoid SIS rejection and misjump. Finally, the method and software are applied to the SIL design of static and dynamic equipment of wax oil hydrogenation unit, and the concrete process of the method and software design equipment SIL is explained by taking the circulating hydrogen desulphurization tower and circulating hydrogen compressor system as examples. The results show that the rejection and misjump of SIS can be avoided to a certain extent by using the SIL design method and software proposed in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X937;X924.4
[Abstract]:As an important safety control measure in process industry, safety instrument system (SIS) plays an important role in preventing accidents and reducing accident consequences. However, SIS often appears the phenomenon of refusing to act or jumping by mistake, which leads to the loss of safety function. In order to avoid the rejection and misjump of SIS, this paper summarizes the SIS used in domestic petrochemical plants, and classifies 16 kinds of SIS and 56 safety instrument functions (SIF),. It is concluded that the unreasonable SIL grade design of SIS is the main reason for its refusal to act and jump by mistake. In order to solve the above problems, this paper puts forward a design method of safety instrument system integrity level based on classified information, which mainly includes four parts: (1) HAZOP analysis, Determine whether there is a high risk deviation of the equipment. (2) SIL design based on risk analysis, fusion risk matrix analysis and protection layer analysis, identification of high risk equipment needs to set up SIS SIL, The fault tree model and reliability block diagram model are used to verify SIL;. At the same time, Bayesian is used to estimate the risk failure rate and improve the reliability of SIL verification. (3) the empirical SIL design is based on experience, and the SIS empirical information of the same kind of equipment is provided by identifying the type of equipment. As the basis of SIL identification and verification. (4) the design conclusion is obtained, and the SIL design is completed by considering the results of (2) and (3) steps. Based on the above methods, the integrity grade design software of safety instrument system in petrochemical plant is developed by using C # and SQL database. On the basis of traditional risk analysis and design of SIL, empirical design SIL, is added and Bayesian estimation is introduced into SIL verification part to improve the accuracy of SIL design and effectively avoid SIS rejection and misjump. Finally, the method and software are applied to the SIL design of static and dynamic equipment of wax oil hydrogenation unit, and the concrete process of the method and software design equipment SIL is explained by taking the circulating hydrogen desulphurization tower and circulating hydrogen compressor system as examples. The results show that the rejection and misjump of SIS can be avoided to a certain extent by using the SIL design method and software proposed in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X937;X924.4
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