柴油機硅油減振器減振機理及匹配仿真技術(shù)研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-23 13:20
【摘要】：扭轉(zhuǎn)振動是柴油機軸系運行時出現(xiàn)的一種振動形式,嚴重的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動可能造成柴油機不能正常工作,甚至導致柴油機軸系的疲勞破壞。對于在重型運輸和工程機械車輛上使用的重型車載柴油機,由于采用高增壓、高速,機器的單位體積輸出功率得到大幅度地提高,也加劇了軸系的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動。在柴油機軸系上安裝扭振減振器是減小扭轉(zhuǎn)振動的重要方式,合理地設(shè)計與匹配扭振減振器對降低柴油機軸系扭轉(zhuǎn)振動的振幅、減少扭轉(zhuǎn)振動危害、降低振動噪聲和提高車輛舒適性都有著非常重要的意義。 硅油扭振減振器結(jié)構(gòu)簡單且減振效率高,相對于其他結(jié)構(gòu)形式的減振器有著較大的優(yōu)勢,因此在柴油機軸系扭振減振方面的應用非常廣泛。但是,目前硅油減振器匹配設(shè)計計算技術(shù)和方法并沒有跟上現(xiàn)代柴油機技術(shù)發(fā)展的步伐,仍然沿用20世紀40年代B.I.C.E.R.A(英國內(nèi)燃機協(xié)會)提出的傳統(tǒng)理論和經(jīng)驗公式,設(shè)計匹配的減振器需要反復不斷地通過臺架實驗測試來修正和改進設(shè)計才能達到預期的減振效果要求。 現(xiàn)代柴油機的發(fā)展要求在盡量短的時間內(nèi)設(shè)計開發(fā)承載能力足夠高、工作穩(wěn)定可靠的減振器。因此對硅油減振器匹配計算和設(shè)計方法進行深入細致的研究,提高匹配設(shè)計的準確性和可靠性具有十分重要的意義。本課題以高分子材料流變學、非牛頓流體力學、熱力學、振動力學和柴油機動力學等理論為基礎(chǔ),在硅油流變特性實驗研究之上,結(jié)合硅油減振器實際工作特點,進行減振機理分析和研究,建立基于非牛頓流體的柴油機硅油減振器的動態(tài)平衡匹配計算方法,形成較為準確和可靠的減振器匹配計算和優(yōu)化設(shè)計方法。同時,利用現(xiàn)有的三維建模、多體動力學和有限元仿真計算軟件,為工程實際應用提供基于多體動力學的柴油機曲軸系統(tǒng)和硅油減振器的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動仿真計算的方法,作為產(chǎn)品設(shè)計驗證的輔助手段,縮短產(chǎn)品開發(fā)的周期。論文的主要工作如下： 1)以非牛頓流體力學、流變學、熱力學、振動力學等為理論基礎(chǔ),借助高級擴展旋轉(zhuǎn)式流變儀等儀器進行硅油的流變試驗,建立了硅油的力學模型及其非線性本構(gòu)方程。 2)開展了硅油減振器的阻尼系數(shù)、粘性摩擦阻力矩、減振器的發(fā)熱量和散熱量計算方法的研究。 3)通過分析硅油減振器工作過程中影響其工作性能的溫度、轉(zhuǎn)速、硅油粘度和振動幅值等參數(shù)的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,研究模擬減振器熱平衡建立過程的數(shù)值計算方法,提出了一種接近于減振器實際運行工況的動態(tài)平衡匹配計算方法,該方法能有效地提高匹配計算的準確性和效率。 4)進行柴油機曲軸系統(tǒng)多體動力學的三維建模、邊界和約束條件的設(shè)定,通過仿真計算得到了柴油機曲軸系統(tǒng)的瞬時轉(zhuǎn)速信號,實現(xiàn)了對柴油機軸系扭轉(zhuǎn)振動和減振器減振性能的分析。 5)從硅油減振器的結(jié)構(gòu)特點和設(shè)計要求出發(fā),考慮系統(tǒng)動力性、經(jīng)濟性和可靠性等因素,建立了扭振減振器的多目標優(yōu)化設(shè)計模型,采用遺傳算法進行了產(chǎn)品的匹配計算和設(shè)計優(yōu)化,實現(xiàn)了減振器系統(tǒng)主要參數(shù)的優(yōu)化配置,使產(chǎn)品的綜合性能達到最優(yōu)。 6)通過柴油機臺架試驗,進行了軸系的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動和硅油減振器表面溫度測試,驗證了減振器動態(tài)匹配和仿真計算方法的正確性。
[Abstract]:The torsional vibration is a form of vibration that occurs in the operation of the shafting of the diesel engine. The serious torsional vibration can cause the diesel engine not to work normally, and even lead to the fatigue damage of the diesel engine. The heavy-duty vehicle-mounted diesel engine used on the heavy-duty transportation and engineering machinery vehicle has greatly improved the unit volume output power of the machine due to the adoption of the high-pressure, high-speed, and the unit volume output power of the machine, and the torsional vibration of the shafting is also increased. The torsional vibration damper is an important way to reduce the torsional vibration. It is of great significance to design and match torsional vibration damper to reduce the amplitude of torsional vibration of the shafting of the diesel engine, to reduce the damage of torsional vibration, to reduce the vibration noise and to improve the comfort of the vehicle. The structure of the silicone oil-torsional vibration damper is simple and the vibration-damping efficiency is high, and the vibration damper has a great advantage in relation to other structural forms, so that the oil-torsional vibration damper has wide application in the torsional vibration and vibration reduction of the diesel engine however, that present technology and method of matching design of silicone oil damper have not kept pace with the development of modern diesel engine technology, and still follow the traditional theory and experience of B.I. C.E. R. (British internal combustion engine association) in the 1940s. The shock absorber with matching design needs to be modified and improved repeatedly through the bench test test to achieve the expected vibration reduction effect. The development of modern diesel engine requires that the design and development of the bearing capacity is high enough in the shortest possible time, and the work is stable and reliable. Therefore, it is very important to study the matching calculation and design method of the silicone oil damper, and to improve the accuracy and reliability of the matching design. This paper is based on the theory of polymer material rheology, non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, vibration mechanics and diesel engine dynamics. and the dynamic balance matching calculation method of the diesel oil damper based on the non-Newtonian fluid is established to form a more accurate and reliable matching calculation and optimization of the shock absorber. By using the existing three-dimensional modeling, the multi-body dynamics and the finite element simulation calculation software, a method for simulating the torsional vibration of a diesel engine crankshaft system and a silicone oil damper based on the multi-body dynamics is provided for the practical application of the engineering, Assistant section to reduce product development The period of the paper. The main work of the paper. The mechanical model of silicone oil and its non-linear were established based on the theory of fluid mechanics, rheology, thermodynamics and vibration mechanics of non-Newtonian fluid. the damping coefficient of the silicone oil damper, the viscous frictional resistance moment, the heat quantity and the heat dissipation of the shock absorber are carried out, The calculation method is based on the analysis of the internal relation of the parameters such as temperature, rotating speed, viscosity of silicone oil and vibration amplitude of the working performance of the silicone oil damper, and the heat balance establishment of the simulated shock absorber is studied. The method for calculating the dynamic balance of the actual operating condition of the shock absorber is presented in this paper. The method can effectively improve the matching. The accuracy and efficiency of the calculation are given. 4) The three-dimensional modeling, boundary and constraint conditions of the multi-body dynamics of the crankshaft system of the diesel engine are set, and the instantaneous speed signal of the crankshaft system of the diesel engine is obtained through the simulation calculation, and the torsional vibration of the shafting of the diesel engine is realized. and based on the structural characteristics and design requirements of the silicone oil shock absorber, the multi-objective optimization design model of the torsional vibration damper is established, and a genetic algorithm is adopted to carry out the multi-objective optimization design model of the torsional vibration damper. The matching calculation and design optimization of the product are optimized, and the optimal configuration of the main parameters of the shock absorber system is realized. and 6) the torsional vibration of the shafting and the surface temperature test of the silicone oil damper are carried out through a diesel engine bench test, and the shock absorber is verified
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TK423;TB535.1
本文編號：2428871
[Abstract]:The torsional vibration is a form of vibration that occurs in the operation of the shafting of the diesel engine. The serious torsional vibration can cause the diesel engine not to work normally, and even lead to the fatigue damage of the diesel engine. The heavy-duty vehicle-mounted diesel engine used on the heavy-duty transportation and engineering machinery vehicle has greatly improved the unit volume output power of the machine due to the adoption of the high-pressure, high-speed, and the unit volume output power of the machine, and the torsional vibration of the shafting is also increased. The torsional vibration damper is an important way to reduce the torsional vibration. It is of great significance to design and match torsional vibration damper to reduce the amplitude of torsional vibration of the shafting of the diesel engine, to reduce the damage of torsional vibration, to reduce the vibration noise and to improve the comfort of the vehicle. The structure of the silicone oil-torsional vibration damper is simple and the vibration-damping efficiency is high, and the vibration damper has a great advantage in relation to other structural forms, so that the oil-torsional vibration damper has wide application in the torsional vibration and vibration reduction of the diesel engine however, that present technology and method of matching design of silicone oil damper have not kept pace with the development of modern diesel engine technology, and still follow the traditional theory and experience of B.I. C.E. R. (British internal combustion engine association) in the 1940s. The shock absorber with matching design needs to be modified and improved repeatedly through the bench test test to achieve the expected vibration reduction effect. The development of modern diesel engine requires that the design and development of the bearing capacity is high enough in the shortest possible time, and the work is stable and reliable. Therefore, it is very important to study the matching calculation and design method of the silicone oil damper, and to improve the accuracy and reliability of the matching design. This paper is based on the theory of polymer material rheology, non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, vibration mechanics and diesel engine dynamics. and the dynamic balance matching calculation method of the diesel oil damper based on the non-Newtonian fluid is established to form a more accurate and reliable matching calculation and optimization of the shock absorber. By using the existing three-dimensional modeling, the multi-body dynamics and the finite element simulation calculation software, a method for simulating the torsional vibration of a diesel engine crankshaft system and a silicone oil damper based on the multi-body dynamics is provided for the practical application of the engineering, Assistant section to reduce product development The period of the paper. The main work of the paper. The mechanical model of silicone oil and its non-linear were established based on the theory of fluid mechanics, rheology, thermodynamics and vibration mechanics of non-Newtonian fluid. the damping coefficient of the silicone oil damper, the viscous frictional resistance moment, the heat quantity and the heat dissipation of the shock absorber are carried out, The calculation method is based on the analysis of the internal relation of the parameters such as temperature, rotating speed, viscosity of silicone oil and vibration amplitude of the working performance of the silicone oil damper, and the heat balance establishment of the simulated shock absorber is studied. The method for calculating the dynamic balance of the actual operating condition of the shock absorber is presented in this paper. The method can effectively improve the matching. The accuracy and efficiency of the calculation are given. 4) The three-dimensional modeling, boundary and constraint conditions of the multi-body dynamics of the crankshaft system of the diesel engine are set, and the instantaneous speed signal of the crankshaft system of the diesel engine is obtained through the simulation calculation, and the torsional vibration of the shafting of the diesel engine is realized. and based on the structural characteristics and design requirements of the silicone oil shock absorber, the multi-objective optimization design model of the torsional vibration damper is established, and a genetic algorithm is adopted to carry out the multi-objective optimization design model of the torsional vibration damper. The matching calculation and design optimization of the product are optimized, and the optimal configuration of the main parameters of the shock absorber system is realized. and 6) the torsional vibration of the shafting and the surface temperature test of the silicone oil damper are carried out through a diesel engine bench test, and the shock absorber is verified
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TK423;TB535.1
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條
1 陳翔;基于虛擬樣機技術(shù)的曲軸軸系多體動力學研究及扭振分析[D];中北大學;2014年
，本文編號：2428871
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