【摘要】：深孔預裂爆破作為增加煤層透氣性的一種重要工藝,其直接影響到瓦斯抽采的效率和煤礦安全生產(chǎn)。隨著現(xiàn)代施工工藝的改變、新型材料設備種類的增多,使得爆破煤層的方法也已經(jīng)大為改變。本文針對清徐地區(qū)趙家山煤礦掘進工作面瓦斯超限問題,分析其原因是巷道掘進過程中瓦斯涌出量較大的特性以及煤層透氣性較差的情況,現(xiàn)有的抽采系統(tǒng)抽采指標達不到預計效果。在研究大量爆破增透實驗的資料和趙家山煤礦的地質(zhì)情況、瓦斯涌出規(guī)律之后,決定應用深孔預裂爆破技術進行掘進工作面的瓦斯治理。以瓦斯的流動理論為基礎,對深孔預裂控制爆破增透的實驗進行數(shù)值模擬研究,采用COMSOL軟件數(shù)值分析模擬了瓦斯的流動規(guī)律以及分布,為下一步的瓦斯抽放提供堅實的依據(jù)。在現(xiàn)場試驗中,采用不同的孔徑以及爆破孔與控制孔的間距不同,設置了兩組實驗的對比,以采集到的數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù),研究影響預裂爆破效果的孔徑和孔間距兩個因素。根據(jù)試驗數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),要達到良好的爆破效果,在不同煤質(zhì)的條件下,選用鉆孔的孔徑和孔間距也不相同。本次試驗在趙家山煤礦2號煤層掘進工作面皮帶巷實施的,經(jīng)過對比實驗數(shù)分析得出,當孔間距為6m,爆破孔孔徑為113mm,控制孔孔徑為94mm時,鉆孔內(nèi)的瓦斯?jié)舛茸畲?抽采效果最好。單孔抽采濃度從原來的21%左右最高提高到37%,掘進工作面的抽采率由原來的20%提高到40.8%,瓦斯超限問題得以解決,達到了預期效果,加快了掘進速度,本文的研究成果將為之后運用此工藝治理瓦斯提供可靠的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As an important technology to increase the permeability of coal seam, deep-hole pre-splitting blasting directly affects the efficiency of gas drainage and the safety of coal mine production. With the change of modern construction technology and the increase of new material and equipment, the method of blasting coal seam has been changed greatly. Aiming at the problem of gas overrun in Zhaojiashan coal mining face in Qingxu area, this paper analyzes the reasons for the gas emission in roadway driving process and the poor permeability of coal seam. The existing extraction system can not achieve the expected results. After studying a large number of data of blasting antipenetration experiment and geological conditions and gas emission law of Zhaojiashan coal mine, it is decided to apply the technology of deep-hole pre-splitting blasting to control the gas in the heading face. Based on the flow theory of gas, the experiment of anti-penetration of deep-hole pre-splitting controlled blasting is studied by numerical simulation. The flow law and distribution of gas are simulated by COMSOL software, which provides a solid basis for gas drainage in the next step. In the field test, different aperture and the distance between the blasting hole and the control hole are used to compare the two groups of experiments. Based on the collected data, two factors affecting the effect of presplitting blasting are studied. According to the experimental data, it is found that in order to achieve good blasting effect, the hole diameter and hole spacing are different under different coal quality conditions. The experiment was carried out in the belt roadway of No. 2 coal seam driving face in Zhaojiashan Coal Mine. Through the analysis of the comparative experimental results, it is concluded that when the hole spacing is 6 m, the hole diameter of the blasting hole is 113mm, and the aperture of the control hole is 94mm, the gas concentration in the borehole is the largest. The extraction effect is the best. The concentration of single hole extraction was raised from the original 21% to 37%, the extraction rate of the working face was increased from 20% to 40.8, the problem of gas exceeding the limit was solved, the expected effect was achieved and the tunneling speed was accelerated. The research results of this paper will provide reliable basis for gas control by this process.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TD712.6

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