【摘要】：導(dǎo)管泄放技術(shù)的研究對工業(yè)粉塵爆炸防護有著重要的意義。導(dǎo)管的存在會使主容器內(nèi)的最大泄爆壓力出現(xiàn)顯著的增加,目前造成這種異常現(xiàn)象的主要因素還沒有研究清楚。本文以1.3L Hartmann管為基礎(chǔ),對鋁粉爆炸泄放及惰化和抑制實驗進行了研究。 主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： (1)改進了原有1.3L Hartmann裝置,設(shè)計了不同長度和直徑的導(dǎo)管。采用高頻壓力傳感器測量壓力,采用火焰?zhèn)鞲衅鳒y量導(dǎo)管內(nèi)火焰特性,采用2塊8通道數(shù)據(jù)采集板進行同步采集。在此裝置上進行了鋁粉爆炸無管泄放、導(dǎo)管泄放以及惰化和抑制實驗。 (2)研究了鋁粉濃度、粒徑以及泄爆口徑對無管泄放特性影響規(guī)律,并用SPSS軟件擬合得到了最大泄爆壓力和最大升壓速率與三種因素的定量關(guān)系式。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),無管泄放時,對最大泄爆壓力影響由強至弱的參數(shù)依次：為泄爆口徑、鋁粉粒徑、鋁粉濃度；對最大升壓速率影響由強到弱依次為：鋁粉粒徑、泄爆口徑、鋁粉濃度。 (3)采用不同長徑比的導(dǎo)管對鋁粉爆炸導(dǎo)管泄放特性進行實驗研究,研究了鋁粉濃度、鋁粉粒徑、導(dǎo)管長徑比對導(dǎo)管泄放特性的影響,擬合得到最大泄爆壓力和最大升壓速率與三種因素的量化關(guān)系式。結(jié)果表明：導(dǎo)管泄放時,對最大泄爆壓力影響由強到弱依次為：泄爆導(dǎo)管長徑比、鋁粉粒徑、鋁粉濃度。 (4)實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),采用導(dǎo)管進行粉塵爆炸泄放實驗時,在泄爆管內(nèi)臨近泄爆口處發(fā)生了鋁粉二次爆炸。二次爆炸產(chǎn)生的原因是射流火焰在導(dǎo)管內(nèi)將未燃鋁粉點燃。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),二次爆炸是導(dǎo)管泄放時容器內(nèi)最大泄爆壓力顯著增大的原因之一 (5)爆炸泄放結(jié)合爆炸抑制是一種非常經(jīng)濟高效的粉塵爆炸防護措施,實驗分別對硅酸鋁棉多孔介質(zhì)和碳酸鈣惰性顆粒對鋁粉爆炸泄放特性的影響進行了研究。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),在導(dǎo)管內(nèi)內(nèi)襯硅酸鋁棉多孔介質(zhì)和在Hartmann管內(nèi)預(yù)混一定質(zhì)量濃度的碳酸鈣惰性顆粒都能有效的降低導(dǎo)管內(nèi)的二次爆炸的強度,并使Hartmann管和導(dǎo)管內(nèi)的最大泄爆壓力及火焰?zhèn)鞑ニ俣榷汲霈F(xiàn)了顯著地降低。 (6)實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著碳酸鈣質(zhì)量濃度的增加,最大泄爆壓力和最大升壓速率都降低,但最大升壓速率變化的更加敏感。預(yù)混碳酸鈣惰性顆�？梢杂行У慕档捅ㄖ笖�(shù)和所需泄爆面積。
[Abstract]:The study of duct discharge technology is of great significance to the protection of industrial dust explosion. The existence of ducts can increase the maximum venting pressure in the main vessel significantly. The main factors causing this abnormal phenomenon have not been studied at present. Based on 1.3L Hartmann tube, the experiments of explosion discharge, inerting and inhibition of aluminum powder have been studied in this paper. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the 1.3L Hartmann device is improved and the conduits of different lengths and diameters are designed. The high frequency pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure, the flame sensor is used to measure the flame characteristics in the tube, and two 8 channel data acquisition boards are used for synchronous acquisition. The experiments of aluminum powder explosion without tube discharge, pipe discharge, inerting and inhibition were carried out on the device. (2) the influence of aluminum powder concentration, particle size and deflagration caliber on the discharge characteristics without tube was studied. The quantitative relationship between the maximum venting pressure and the maximum pressure rising rate and the three factors was obtained by SPSS software. The experimental results show that the parameters that influence the maximum venting pressure from strong to weak are as follows: the diameter of venting, the particle size of aluminum powder and the concentration of aluminum powder; The order of the effect on the maximum pressure rise rate is: the particle size of aluminum powder, the diameter of deflagration and the concentration of aluminum powder. (3) the effect of aluminum powder concentration, particle size and ratio of length to diameter on the discharge characteristics of aluminum powder explosive conduit was studied by using the tube with different aspect ratio. The quantitative relationship between the maximum explosion relief pressure and the maximum pressure rise rate and three factors is obtained by fitting. The results show that the influence on the maximum venting pressure is as follows: the ratio of length to diameter, the particle size of aluminum powder and the concentration of aluminum powder. (4) it is found that the secondary explosion of aluminum powder occurs in the place near the vent of the pipe when the pipe is used for the dust explosion discharge experiment. The reason for the secondary explosion is that the jet flame ignites the unburned aluminum powder in the tube. It is found that the secondary explosion is one of the reasons for the significant increase of the maximum explosion pressure in the vessel when the vessel is released. (5) the combination of explosion release and explosion suppression is a very economical and efficient protection measure for dust explosion. The effects of aluminum silicate cotton porous media and calcium carbonate inert particles on the explosion release characteristics of aluminum powder were studied. It was found that the inert particles of calcium carbonate premixed in the tube of Hartmann and the porous media lined with aluminum silicate cotton inside the tube can effectively reduce the secondary explosion strength of the tube. The maximum venting pressure and flame propagation velocity in Hartmann tubes and ducts have been significantly reduced. (6) it is found that with the increase of calcium carbonate concentration, both the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum pressure rise rate decrease, but the change of the maximum pressure rise rate is more sensitive. Premixed calcium carbonate inert particles can effectively reduce the explosion index and the required explosion area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X932

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