【摘要】：海上溢油事故頻發(fā),能夠第一時間掌握溢油監(jiān)測信息,及時合理地安排應急處置工作,是最大程度減少國家損失的必要條件。在海上作業(yè)平臺安裝溢油監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),基于無線網(wǎng)絡傳輸設備,將作業(yè)平臺上采集、分析的數(shù)據(jù)傳遞至岸基應急指揮中心數(shù)據(jù)庫,構(gòu)建海上組網(wǎng)式溢油監(jiān)測體系,能夠使岸基指揮中心實時獲取平臺周圍的溢油信息,為溢油事故應急處置和安全監(jiān)管工作提供有效的數(shù)據(jù)基礎,是海上石油開發(fā)作業(yè)順利進行的保障。 基于海雜波特性,航海雷達可以探測海面溢油信息,是目前最有效的溢油監(jiān)測技術手段之一。它可以不受夜間或者云霧雨雪等惡劣天氣的影響,具有全天時、全天候、大范圍監(jiān)測溢油的能力。本文根據(jù)航海雷達溢油監(jiān)測原理,從需求分析、數(shù)據(jù)庫設計、系統(tǒng)設計、軟硬件架構(gòu)、功能設計和實現(xiàn)角度,對海上固定雷達組網(wǎng)式溢油監(jiān)測體系進行了詳細闡述。首先將CARIS HPD源數(shù)據(jù)庫中電子海圖數(shù)據(jù)進行ArcGIS格式下的轉(zhuǎn)換,作為課題研究的基礎。再將航海雷達進行固定式安裝,應用Spx雷達信息采集技術、ArcGIS Engine二次開發(fā)組件、網(wǎng)絡傳輸技術、ArcGIS Server網(wǎng)絡地圖發(fā)布技術和ArcGIS SDE空間數(shù)據(jù)庫引擎,進行數(shù)據(jù)采集、數(shù)據(jù)分析、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸、數(shù)據(jù)應用展示四個子模塊的功能設計與實現(xiàn)。 本文提出采用坐標轉(zhuǎn)換、地圖投影、空間配準、動態(tài)分析、空間要素生成等手段,在電子海圖基礎上構(gòu)建溢油軌跡回放模型,直觀展示事故發(fā)生后的溢油漂移軌跡,為海上事故責任鑒定和漂移趨勢研究等工作提供技術依據(jù)。 針對數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布功能,以數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)化、混合切片方案優(yōu)化、比例尺方案優(yōu)化、多地圖服務疊加、靈活運用按需緩存策略等綜合手段,有效提升ArcGIS Server網(wǎng)絡地圖服務和溢油數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布的性能。
[Abstract]:Frequent oil spill accidents, the ability to master oil spill monitoring information in the first time, and the timely and reasonable arrangement of emergency disposal are the necessary conditions to minimize national losses. The oil spill monitoring system is installed on the offshore operation platform. Based on the wireless network transmission equipment, the data collected and analyzed on the platform are transferred to the database of the shore-based emergency command center, and the offshore network oil spill monitoring system is constructed. The offshore command center can obtain the oil spill information around the platform in real time and provide an effective data base for the emergency disposal and safety supervision of oil spill accidents. It is the guarantee for the smooth progress of offshore oil development. Based on the characteristics of sea clutter, marine radar can detect oil spill information on the sea surface, which is one of the most effective monitoring techniques. It can not be affected by bad weather, such as night, cloud, rain, snow and so on, and has the ability to monitor oil spill all day, all weather and on a wide scale. According to the principle of marine radar oil spill monitoring, this paper describes the netted oil spill monitoring system of marine fixed radar in detail from the point of view of requirement analysis, database design, system design, hardware and software architecture, function design and realization. Firstly, the conversion of electronic chart data in CARIS HPD source database in ArcGIS format is taken as the basis of the research. Then fixed installation of navigation radar, the application of Spx radar information acquisition technology, ArcGIS Engine secondary development module, network transmission technology, ArcGIS Server network map publishing technology and ArcGIS SDE spatial database engine, data acquisition, data analysis, Data transmission, data application show the four sub-modules functional design and implementation. In this paper, by means of coordinate transformation, map projection, space registration, dynamic analysis and spatial element generation, a model of oil spill trajectory playback is constructed on the basis of electronic chart, which can display the oil spill drift trajectory directly after the accident. It provides technical basis for marine accident responsibility appraisal and drift trend research. According to the function of data release, the methods of data optimization, mixed slicing scheme optimization, scale scheme optimization, multi-map service superposition, flexible use of on-demand cache strategy, etc. Effectively improve the performance of ArcGIS Server web map service and oil spill data release.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X55;U698.7

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