【摘要】：自然通風(fēng)是綠色建筑最重要的氣候調(diào)節(jié)策略之一。室內(nèi)自然通風(fēng)不僅受到房間布局、開口尺寸和位置等“微觀”因素的作用，同時許多“宏觀”因素，如規(guī)劃設(shè)計參數(shù)等，也會對室內(nèi)通風(fēng)產(chǎn)生深遠影響。本文以廣州市圍合式住區(qū)組團為研究對象，采用調(diào)研分析、理論研究和數(shù)值模擬等手段，研究得到了室內(nèi)風(fēng)壓通風(fēng)能力和組團規(guī)劃設(shè)計參數(shù)二者之間的數(shù)量關(guān)系。為此，本文主要完成了以下工作： 1）完成了室內(nèi)通風(fēng)模擬研究的若干項基礎(chǔ)性工作：a)驗證了CFD模擬軟件Fluent對于本文所關(guān)注的室內(nèi)通風(fēng)研究的適用性并檢驗了其計算精度；b)分析了廣州市典型氣象年的風(fēng)氣象數(shù)據(jù)，統(tǒng)計得到了5月、10月和11月各月的平均風(fēng)速、主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向及各風(fēng)向頻率；c)確定了室內(nèi)通風(fēng)的研究區(qū)域及其評價指標(biāo)； 2）以廣州市圍合式住區(qū)的一個典型“板式”住宅單元C2棟作為研究對象，利用CFD軟件分析了C2棟戶型1在16個風(fēng)向下，風(fēng)速為1.0~3.0m/s共45種工況下的室內(nèi)通風(fēng)情況。并根據(jù)前文確定的室內(nèi)自然通風(fēng)的兩個評價指標(biāo)：通風(fēng)換氣次數(shù)和舒適風(fēng)速（0.2~1m/s）區(qū)域所占的面積比例，得到了營造室內(nèi)舒適風(fēng)環(huán)境所需的風(fēng)壓差。同時也證明了風(fēng)壓差系數(shù)與舒適風(fēng)速區(qū)域面積比之間存在一定的數(shù)量關(guān)系； 3）以“建筑聯(lián)體寬度、單體進深、正向間距、側(cè)向間距、首層架空率以及來流風(fēng)向角”共6個規(guī)劃設(shè)計參數(shù)作為試驗因素，同時以“建筑迎、背風(fēng)面風(fēng)壓差系數(shù)平均值”和“室外平均風(fēng)速比”作為試驗指標(biāo)，，設(shè)計了18組正交試驗，采用CFD模擬分析了廣州地區(qū)“圍合式住區(qū)組團的典型模型”的建筑外表面風(fēng)壓分布情況。通過對正交試驗影響因子的極差分析和方差分析，探究了各因素分別對這兩個試驗指標(biāo)的影響程度； 4）分別研究了側(cè)向間距、單體進深和風(fēng)向角三個“單因素”對建筑迎背風(fēng)面風(fēng)壓差平均值的影響規(guī)律；接著對模擬結(jié)果進行了多元回歸分析，得到了“圍合式組團風(fēng)壓差系數(shù)加權(quán)平均值”的簡化計算公式，并通過多種統(tǒng)計檢驗手段，證明了此簡化計算公式的可信度； 5）建立了圍合式住區(qū)組團建筑室內(nèi)自然通風(fēng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計和定量評價的數(shù)學(xué)模型，總結(jié)了前文對住區(qū)室內(nèi)、外通風(fēng)的模擬結(jié)果，從而給出了一些關(guān)于圍合式組團設(shè)計的指導(dǎo)性建議。
[Abstract]:Natural ventilation is one of the most important climate regulation strategies for green buildings. Indoor natural ventilation is not only affected by "micro" factors such as room layout, opening size and location, but also by many "macro" factors, such as planning and design parameters, which will also have a profound impact on indoor ventilation. In this paper, by means of investigation and analysis, theoretical research and numerical simulation, the quantitative relationship between indoor wind pressure ventilation capacity and group planning and design parameters is obtained. To that end, The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the basic work of indoor ventilation simulation research is completed.: a) verifies the applicability of CFD simulation software Fluent to the indoor ventilation research concerned in this paper and tests its calculation accuracy. B) the wind weather data of typical meteorological year in Guangzhou are analyzed, the average wind speed in May, October and November is obtained by statistics, the leading wind direction and the frequency of each wind direction; c) determine the research area of indoor ventilation and its evaluation index. 2) A typical "plate type" housing unit C2 in enclosed residential district of Guangzhou city was used as the research object. The indoor ventilation of C2 family 1 under 16 wind directions and 45 working conditions with wind speed of 1.0~3.0m/s was analyzed by using CFD software. According to the two evaluation indexes of indoor natural ventilation: ventilation times and the area proportion of comfortable wind speed (0.2~1m/s), the air pressure difference needed to create indoor comfortable wind environment was obtained. At the same time, it is proved that there is a certain quantitative relationship between the coefficient of wind pressure difference and the area ratio of comfortable wind speed area. 3) in terms of "the width of the conjoined building, the depth of the individual, the forward spacing, the lateral spacing," Six planning and design parameters of the first floor overhead ratio and the wind direction angle of the first floor are taken as the test factors. At the same time, 18 groups of orthogonal tests are designed with "average coefficient of wind pressure difference on the building, leeward surface pressure coefficient" and "outdoor average wind speed ratio" as the test indexes. The distribution of wind pressure on the outer surface of buildings in Guangzhou is analyzed by CFD simulation. By means of the range analysis and variance analysis of the influence factors of orthogonal test, the influence degree of each factor on the two test indexes was explored. 4) the lateral spacing was studied. The influence of three "single factors" of single depth and wind direction angle on the average value of wind pressure difference on the building facing leeward surface is studied, and the simulation results are analyzed by multivariate regression analysis. The simplified calculation formula of "weighted mean value of the pressure difference coefficient of enclosed group wind" is obtained, and the reliability of the simplified formula is proved by various statistical test methods. 5) the mathematical model of optimal design and quantitative evaluation of indoor natural ventilation in enclosed residential district group building is established, and the simulation results of indoor and outer ventilation in residential area are summarized. Some guiding suggestions on the design of enclosed groups are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU834.1

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