發(fā)布時間：2018-10-24 21:35

【摘要】：我國已經(jīng)成為世界上隧道最多、最復(fù)雜、建設(shè)速度最快的國家。公路隧道作為高速公路網(wǎng)的瓶頸路段，具有事故多發(fā)，且事故危害程度大、事后處理困難等特點。緊急停車帶的存在對隧道內(nèi)安全救援有重要作用，但由于行車環(huán)境的突然變化也會對駕駛員的視覺和心理產(chǎn)生影響。因此，合理設(shè)置隧道緊急停車帶對保障隧道運營安全有重要意義。 在對隧道路段行車環(huán)境特征、交通特征及駕駛員動態(tài)視覺特征研究的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合駕駛員眼動的基本形式及評價方法，設(shè)計了隧道緊急停車帶路段駕駛員眼動實驗。利用Smart Eye Pro5.7型非侵入式眼動儀記錄了駕駛員在隧道緊急停車帶及其前后路段行駛過程中的眼動參數(shù)，并以各個路段上駕駛員的注視持續(xù)時間、平均注視時間、瞳孔直徑、注視角、注視點位置分布等參數(shù)作為評價指標(biāo)，分析了在此路段駕駛員的眼動特征。 結(jié)合行車速度和行車軌跡分析了駕駛員在隧道緊急停車帶路段的駕駛行為變化特征。應(yīng)用安全性基本理論，對緊急停車帶及其影響路段的駕駛員行車安全性進行分析，找出此路段究竟對行車安全有何影響。并得出了相關(guān)改善措施。 從保障安全的角度出發(fā)，討論了現(xiàn)行規(guī)范中緊急停車帶及附屬設(shè)施設(shè)置的合理性，，提出了隧道緊急停車帶及其附屬設(shè)施的合理設(shè)置方法。 研究成果對于隧道路段緊急停車帶的設(shè)計有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:China has become the world's largest tunnel, the most complex, the fastest speed of construction. As the bottleneck section of highway network, highway tunnel has the characteristics of frequent accidents, great accident harm and difficulty in handling afterwards. The existence of emergency parking belt plays an important role in the safety rescue in tunnel, but the sudden change of driving environment will also have an impact on the vision and psychology of the driver. Therefore, it is important to set up emergency stop belt for tunnel operation safety. Based on the study of driving environment, traffic characteristics and driver's dynamic visual characteristics, combined with the basic form and evaluation method of driver's eye movement, the experiment of driver's eye movement in tunnel emergency parking zone was designed. The eye movement parameters of the driver in the tunnel emergency parking zone and its front and back sections were recorded by using the Smart Eye Pro5.7 non-invasive eye movement instrument. The fixation duration, the average fixation time and the pupil diameter of the driver in each section of the tunnel were calculated. The eye movement characteristics of the driver in this section are analyzed by using the fixation angle and the location distribution of the fixation point as the evaluation indexes. Combined with the driving speed and the driving track, the driving behavior of the driver in the emergency parking zone of the tunnel is analyzed. Based on the basic theory of safety, this paper analyzes the driver's driving safety of emergency parking belt and its influence section, and finds out the influence of this section on driving safety. And obtained the relevant improvement measures. From the point of view of ensuring safety, this paper discusses the rationality of emergency parking belt and auxiliary facilities in the current code, and puts forward the reasonable setting method of emergency stop belt and its auxiliary facilities in tunnel. The research results can be used for reference in the design of emergency parking belt in tunnel section.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U492.8;U458

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